湖南省株洲市荷塘区高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（2）.doc

湖南省株洲市荷塘区2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（2） 阅读理解。cars are an important part of life in the united states. without a car most people feel that they are poor. and even if a person is poor he doesnt feel really poor when he has a car.henry ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. he probably didnt know how much the car was going to change american culture. the car made the united states a nation on wheels. and it helped make the united states what it is today. there are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the united states first of all the country is a big one and americans like to move around it. the car makes the travel the most comfortable and cheapest. with a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.the second reason cars are popular is the fact that the united states never really developed a practical and cheap public travel system. long distance trains have never been as common in the united states as they are in other parts of the world. now there is a good system of air- service provided by planes. but it is too expensive to be used often.the third reason is the most important one, though. the american spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. americans dont like waiting for a bus, or a train or even a plane. they dont like to have to follow an exact timetable. a car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. and this is the freedom that americans want most to have.less oil has caused a big problem for americans. but the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. the real answer will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much oil.1.which of the following statements is true?a in the united states even the poor own cars.b in the united states all the poor have no cars.c when an american has a car, he will never be poor.d an american will feel poor unless he has a car.2.we can learn from this passage that americans _.a spend a lot of money traveling by car b travel a lot in their carsc seldom travel by plane d use public traffic often3.which of the following is not told in the passage?a buses, trains and planes are not comfortableb traveling by car is not expensive.c americans have the spirit of independenced americans often move from place to place4.in the writers opinion, cars are popular in the united states mainly because _.a americans like to plan their own timeb the united states does not have enough public transportationc americans will not feel poor when they travel in their carsd americans cannot move around without their own cars5. “a nation on wheels” in the second paragraph means that _.a everyone in the united states owns a carb the united states produces most of the cars in the worldc cars play an important part in american lifed the united states depend on car industry for its development【参考答案】14、dbaac 阅读理解。friends play an important part in our lives，and although we may take the friendship for granted，we often dont clearly understand how we make friends.while we get on well with a number of people，we are usually friends with only a few.for example，the average among students is about 6 per person.in all the cases of friendly relationships，two people like one another and enjoy being together，but beyond that，the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interests vary greatly.as we get to know people，we take into account things like age，race，economic conditions，social position，and intelligence.although these factors are not of great importance，it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background.some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion，but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs，the same opinions and interests.they often talk about “being_on_the_same_wavelength”.it generally takes time to reach this point.and the more intimately involved people become，the more they depend on one another.people who want to be friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to stand differences.in contrast with marriage，there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen it between two people.but the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and feelings does seem to create a powerful bond，which can overcome differences in background，and break down barriers of age，class or race.1.according to the passage，_.a.friends are those who must share their interestsb.friends are closer than people who just get on well with each otherc.all the people know how to make friendsd.every student has six friends2.we can learn from the passage that_. a.there are no special ceremonies to strengthen friendshipb.friendship can overcome all differences between two peoplec.difference in opinion can lead to friendshipd.friendship can be strengthened by smiles and soft voices3.the underlined words “being on the same wavelength” in paragraph 2 mean that people_.a.watch the same tv programsb.are the same in all waysc.have the same backgroundd.share the same way of thinking and the same interests4.which of the following is not implied in the passage?a.even friends may have different opinions.b.friends never argue with each other.c.it generally takes time for people to become close friends.d.someones habits may annoy his friends.1.mr.fogg and his servant travelled in many different ways，even on an elephant at one time.(完形填空最后一段倒数第四句)福格先生和他的仆人以许多不同方式进行旅行，他们甚至曾骑过大象。(1)at one time i used to skiing every winter.我曾一度每到冬季就去滑雪。(2)dont try to do everything at once；take it a bit at a time.不要什么事情都一块儿干，要一次做一点儿。(3)i agreed at the time but later changed my mind.我当时同意了，但后来又改变了主意。(4)im at your service at all times.我随时为您效劳。2.friends play an important part in our lives，and although we may take the friendship for granted.(阅读理解第一段第一句)尽管我们可能把友谊看成理所当然，但朋友在我们的生活中起着十分重要的作用(1)he never praises his wife；he just takes her for granted.他从不夸妻子，只是觉得她的一切理当如此。(2)dont take it for granted that what you did is all right.别想当然地认为你做的都是对的。(3)i take it for granted that you have read this book.我认为你一定读过这本书。3.but the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and feelings does seem to create a powerful bond，which can overcome differences in background，and break down barriers of age，class or race.(阅读理解最后一段最后一句) 基于相同经历和感情的相互支持和理解能够创造一种有力的联系，这一联系能克服背景的不同，打破年龄、阶层、种族之间的障碍。(1)the telephone system has broken down.电话系统失灵了。(2)if law and order breaks down，anarchy will result.法治一垮，就会出现无政府状态。(3)how can we break down the barriers of fear and hostility which divide the two countries? 怎样才能消除这两个国家人民之间的恐惧和仇恨呢？【参考答案】-1.b2.a3.d4.b阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。we once had a poster competition in our fifth grade art class.“you could win prizes, “ our teacher told us as she wrote the poster information on the blackboard. she passed out sheets of construction paper while continuing, “the first prize is ten dollars. you just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster. “ we studied the board critically. some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while weconjured up our designs. others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. we had plans for that ten-dollar grand prize, each and every one of us. im going to spend mine on candies, one hopeful would announce, while another practiced looking serious, wise and rich. everyone in the class made a poster. some of us used parts of those fancy paper napkins, while others used nothing but colored construction paper. some of us used big designs, and some of us preferred to gather our art tidily down in one corner of our poster and let the space draw the viewers attention to it. some of us would wander past the good students desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness. it was yet another grown-up trick of the sort they seemed especially fond of, making all of us believe we had a fair chance, and then alwaysalwaysrewarding the same old winners. i believe i drew a sailboat, but i cant say that with any certainty. i made it. i admired it. i determined it to be the very best of all of the posters i had seen, and then i turned it in. minutes passed.no one came along to give me the grand prize, and then someone distracted me, and i probably never would have thought about that poster again. i was still sitting at my desk, thinking, what poster? when the teacher gave me an envelope with a ten-dollar bill in it and everyone in the class applauded for me. 1. what was the teachers requirement for the poster? a. it must appear in time.b. it must be done in class.c. it must be done on a construction sheet.d. it must include the words on the blackboard.2. the underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means.a. formed an idea for b. made an outline forc. made some space for d. chose some colors for3. after the teachers words, all the students in the class.a. looked very serious b. thought they would be richc. began to think about their designs d. began to play games4. after seeing the good students designs, some students.a. loved their own designs more b. thought they had a fair chancec. put their own designs in a corner d. thought they would not win the prize5. we can infer from the passage that the author.a. enjoyed grown-up tricks very much b. loved poster competitions very muchc. felt surprised to win the competition d. became wise and rich after the competition【参考答案】1-5、 dacdc【2015高考复习】阅读理解former irish president mary robinson was just making a polite conversation with an ethiopian (埃塞俄比亚的) teenager about her wedding day.the 16yearold had already been married for a year.“she looked at me with the saddest eyes and said，i had to drop out of school， ” robinson said in a telephone interview.“that conveyed to me the reality，” said robinson，the first woman to serve as irelands president and former un.high commissioner for human rights.“her life，as far as she is concerned，had more or less ended.”robinson said keeping girls in school was one of the most important things policymakers could do to address the coming challenges of an everincreasing population，predicted by the united nations to reach 7 billion soon.“european countries are concerned about aging populations，but this is much less of an issue than the huge number of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 billion to 9 billion，”she said.“almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries，so that we have a very big challenge.”family planning experts worry in particular about the future population explosion in subsaharan africa.in may，the united nations projected the world population would reach 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion by 2100.much of that growth will come from africa，where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a yearmore than double asias 1 percent growth rate.if that rate stays consistent，which is not certain，africas population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the present 1 billion.joel cohen，a professor of population studies at rockefeller university and columbia university in new york，said universal secondary education offered a way to reduce population in high birth rate regions.in addition to providing information about birth control，a secondary education teaches women to reduce their own fertility，improve the health of their children and allows them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the quality of each childs life，cohen wrote in the journal nature.【语篇解读】人口的快速增长困扰着世界。有关人士指出，控制人口快速增长的一种方式就是提高女性的受教育水平，进而改变人们头脑中固有的传统生育观念。1in the first paragraph，the author introduces his topic by_.agiving an examplebexplaining the authors opinionscdescribing the poor education systemdcoming straight to the topic解析篇章结构题。在本段中，作者以爱尔兰前总统mary robinson与埃塞俄比亚的一位已婚少女的交谈为例引入话题，所以a项正确。答案a2what can we learn from the passage?arobinson is happy after talking to the ethiopian girl.brobinson is a successful expert in population studies.crobinson is worried about the population growth.drobinson encourages female education.解析推理判断题。第二段引号中的内容提到“欧洲国家担心出现人口老龄化问题，但与人口快速增长相比，这算不了什么。几乎所有的人口增长都发生在发展中国家，这将是一个巨大的挑战。”由此可推断她担心的是人口增长问题。答案c3what is joel cohens view about secondary education?ait provides basic knowledge of heahh.bit reduces aging population.cit makes people pay more attention to education.dit can change peoples parenting ideas.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句可知，joel cohen在自然杂志中写到中学教育可以改变人们的育儿理念。答案d4according to the passage，the most important way to control high population growth is_.alet girls go away from africabkeep girls in schoolclet young girls remain singledkeep girls in families解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句前半部分中的内容可知，控制人口快速增长的最重要的方式之一是让女孩儿上学。答案b阅读理解。the secret to the success of myswannier, who had started two successful technology companies, rushed home to begin work on the idea. two years later, in october 2006, she launched . customers go online to enter their measurements (there are 11, from arm length to hip width) and are assigned one of seven body types based on their proportions. software identifies selections for each shape by price (as low as $14.49 for a top, up to $605 for a coat), profile (modern classic, romantic glam, and artistic trendy), designer (from august silk to tadashi), and lifestyle (work attire to dress-up). wannier had a degree in textile design and an mba, but she had a lot to learn about the garment industry. and while she had money from the sale of one of her businesses to kick-start myshape, she needed investors. most of those prospects were men, and they simply didnt get the concept-until they saw models of various shapes and sizes in leotards, complete with lumps, bumps, and bulges. they were impressed with wanniers vision and hopped on board, putting up $32 million and helping her develop a business plan while she designed and patented the technology.once wannier had a prototype, she set up an online survey for potential customers. within 24 hours, she got over 700 responses; a third of them signed up. we were astonished, recalls wannier, who double-checked the results just to be sure. it convinced us there really was a demand.wannier had an e-commerce site, but she still needed something to sell on it.she moved out of her kitchen and into an office and brought in retail specialists who could persuade skeptical designers to entrust their clothes to a start-up without an established reputation. she refers to that period as a bit of madness.today, with 700,000 customers and 300 designers, the site has proved its usefulness. some weeks, says wannier, we get 100 percent customer satisfaction. and designers are delighted: they get a new distribution channel, absolute customer loyalty, and returns that are 10 percent lower than on other sites.while myshape continues to sign up customers and designers, the company is not yet profitable. we get a percentage of the price of the clothes, says wannier. in this economy, women are spending less. in order to make money, then, we have to attract more customers who will come back again and again.asked what the future holds for myshape, she says, next year, well start providing the technology to other online stores, so my dream is that our way of shopping becomes the way everyone does it. ( readers digest )5. which of the following statements is not true?a.wannier sold one of her businesses to start myshape.b.wannier succeeded in getting investment for my shapec.it still remains to be seen whether the website is useful or not.d.wannier has great confidence in making money from myshape6. which is the most important factor leading to the success of myshape?a.wannier had a degree in textile design and an mbab.theres a demand for such technology used to run myshapec.wannier is a businesswoman with experience, plans, dedication and visiond.people are concerned about their shapes and clothes they wear 7.what does “prospects” mean in the sentence “ most of those prospects were men, and they simply didnt get the concept ” in paragraph 2?a.chances of success in a job b.possibilities that sth. will happenc. ideas of what will happen in the future d. possible or likely customers 【解析】5.c 细节推理题。从全篇内容以及标题来看，c项有误。从第二段第二行“and while she had money from”可以得出a项正确。从第二段倒数第三行“they were impressed with wanniers vision and hopped on board, putting up $32 million and”得知b项正确。从最后一段“she says, next year, well start providing the technology to other online stores, so my dream is that”可知d项正确。6.c 从全文得知a,b,c,d都是导致myshape成功的可能因素，但根据整篇文章”the most important factor”最关键的因素应是c项。7.d词义猜测题。根据整句话“most of those prospects were men, and they”从man 一词可看出prospects 应指人，a, b, c, 选项的中心词均不是指人。”prospect” 在此处的意思为“可能成为顾客的人”完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳答案。“a 13yearold boy 1._ lives in italy with his adoptive parents took his fathers car and drove more than 800 km through europe in 2._ apparent attempt to reach his birth family in poland，” italian police said on saturday.he set 3._ on thursday afternoon from the small town of pederobba in northern italy 4._ 200 euros in his pocket and drove the h