虚拟语气教案.doc

一、 教案背景1，面向学生：中学 2，学科：英语 2，课时：2 此为第一课时内容3，学生课前准备：一、找出Reading部分出现的虚拟语气的句子二、 预习虚拟语气的讲解三、 预习后，做课本的巩固练习教学课题 译林版牛津高中英语Module 6 Unit 3 Grammar and usage Unreal conditionals二、 教材分析在这之前的学习中学生曾多次接触过虚拟语气的虚拟条件句。本课主要是让学生学习何时使用虚拟条件句以及怎样正确的使用虚拟条件句来表达。学生要在课堂上完成书上的配套练习以及课后的巩固练习。在本课学生将要学习虚拟条件句用来表达一种非真实的条件或情况，或是一种设想。学生要掌握虚拟条件句的句式以及不同的时态。教学目标教学方面：1、知道什么是虚拟语气，什么时候使用虚拟语气2、 熟知虚拟语气的句子结构3、 知道虚拟语气的倒装形式。4、 能熟练使用虚拟语气的条件句造句。 能力方面：培养学生的想象能力、思维能力。情感方面：1、激发学生对英语的热爱。教学重点1. 虚拟条件句的句式If clausesMain sentencesPresentIf was/were/did,would/should/could/might do PastIf had been/done.,would/should/could/might have donefutureIf was/were/did,Ifwere to do,If should do,would/should/could/might do2. 省略形式的倒装教学难点1. 这种假设的思维方式2. 正确选择虚拟条件句的句式三、 教学方法本课采用直观教学法，互动学习法。在呈现中充分利用多媒体，运用任务型教学，自然导入，层层递进，让学生充分掌握知识。讲解中围绕虚拟条件句的句式展开，重点突出。四、 教学过程I 导入 1. Teacher and students greet each other.2.课件展示如下一个对话，让学生表演并分析对话的含义。A -Why were you absent from school yesterday?B -Because I was ill. If I had not been ill yesterday, I would not have been absent.A -Will you join us playing basketball now?B -Sorry, I cant. I am busy studying now. If I werent busy now, I would join you.A -What about tomorrow?B -I hope I can. If I were to be free tomorrow, I would join you playing basketball.设计意图：以对话的形式展示，有助于学生理解。而且让学生表演可以调动学生的积极性。II. 呈现新的知识1. 教师总结这就是虚拟语气中的虚拟条件句，并介绍何时使用。在表示假设的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气。表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。展示下面的句子If you were at home now, you would help your parents.If you had been in Korea with me last year, you would have attended a wedding ceremony.问学生下面的问题：Was it possible for you to be at home now? (No, it isnt.)Was it possible for you to be in Korea last year?So these things are unreal. When we talk about some condition or situation that is not real or just imaginary, we use special verb forms. These are called unreal conditionals.让学生做下面的练习1. If life had not been so hard for me as a child, I would not have started working at such a young age. 2. If I had had the chance to go to college, I would have studied really hard.3. To keep fit, I do tai chi every morning in the park by my house.4. If I were young like you, I would find time to exercise.5. You can go running if you want to do a sport that costs almost nothing.6. If I were taller, I would be better at basketball.7. If you like football, I can recommend a good coach for you.8. Even if I am very busy, I still find time to exercise.9. If you spent more time exercising, you would have a lot more energy.10. I am going swimming of Friday. If you want to join me, just call me before 3 p.m.设计意图：让学生明白什么是虚拟条件句，并能够区分虚拟条件句和真实条件句。2.呈现让学生看一下书上的前三点，让学生逐条阅读，并分析每一句的时态。I) Have students read the first three points on page 40.While reading, students should find out in what cases the unreal conditionals are used. Have them pay attention to the tenses used in the examples under the three points.1. We use unreal conditionals to state an imaginary present condition.You probably wouldnt get much sleep if you lived near where a wedding reception was being held.I could reach the book if I were a bit taller.If I had the chance, I might want to be a business consultant.2. We also use unreal conditionals to refer to an imaginary past action.If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about!If the man had pointed with his first finger when he was in Brunei, everyone would have thought that he was very rude.3. We use unreal future conditionals to talk about an imaginary future situation.If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.设计意图：由学生自己来分析，有助于学生理解和记忆。II)1.让学生自己列出每个时态的格式，与书上第四点所列的格式对比。 If clausesMain sentencesPresentIf was/were/did,would/should/could/might do PastIf had been/done.,would/should/could/might have donefutureIf was/were/did,would/should/could/might do2.让学生做更多的句子，练习句子格式。3.让学生反复背诵句式，并互相检查。4. 让学生观察所有句式的相同点，句式中都含有 would/could/might，分析它们的区别。并给出例句。 Would, could and might are often interchangeable, but with some difference in meaning.would intention; plancould ability; possibilitymight possibilityIf I were free now, I could help you. This means if I am not busy, I am able to help you.If I were free now, I would help you. This means if I am not busy, I am going to help you.If I were free now, I could help you. This means if I am not busy, I maybe help you.设计意图：由学生亲自做，更有利于学生的理解和记忆。以句式为中心，可以让学生清楚这节课的重点。练习If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would followc做课本P40的练习设计意图：及时巩固。课本的练习是一个对话，能够给学生提供一个很好地语言环境，可以很好的帮助学生理解和巩固。III) 关于虚拟语气的细节。 1. 关注句式，让学生注意系动词be.If clausesMain sentencesPresentIf was/were/did,would/should/could/might do PastIf had been/done.,would/should/could/might have donefutureIf was/were/did,would/should/could/might do解释原因：In written English or in formal situations, we usually use were in if clauses in place of was. However, in everyday conversation, was is often used.1) If he was/were here, he might be able to help us.2观察句式有什么特别A 这里边哪两个句式是相似的？B 如何判断虚拟的时间呢？如果不容易判断，有没有更好的方式Do we use the same sentence structure when we use unreal conditionals?We use the same form; Do we always use the same form? What other forms? What are they?Have students read the following sentences:If I were to fail my Maths test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term. If he should come tomorrow, I could talk to him about it.(让学生补充虚拟条件句的句式)futureIf was/were/did/were to do/should do,would/should/could/might doThis printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. mightB设计意图：引发学生的思考，并添加虚拟条件句的句式3)让学生思考下面的问题。If we omit if , how do we deal with the sentence? 让学生看下面的句子 Should you make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed.Were you to take the train, you would get there much sooner.Had you told me earlier, I would not have got into trouble. (Have students read Point 3; have them find out what can be put at the beginning of the sentence. They should learn that only should, were or had can be used in inversion. Have them say the sentences in Point 3 in their normal order and compare the differences between the two types of sentences.)让学生比较正常语序和倒装。Normal order:If you should make a mistake, you should not be embarrassed.If you were to take the train, you would get there much sooner.Do the exercise:1)_it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A. Were B. should C. would D. will2)_ she _ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.A. Hadnt; left B. Had; not left C. If; didnt leave D. Didnt; leave 3)Were I to do it, I _ it some other way.A. will do B. would doC. would have done D. were to do4)I didnt know his telephone number. _ it, I _ then.A. Had I known; would ring him upB. Should I know; would have rung him upC. If I knew; would ring him upD. Had I known; would have rung him upBB BD改错题correct the following sentences.If you should come tomorrow, should you come earlier. Should you you shouldHadnt you told me earlier, I would have got into trouble. Hadnt you had you notStayed I at home, I would be happier now. stayed I If I stayed 设计意图：巩固所学知识，尤其是倒装部分，学生要明白在省略if 的条件状语从句中，有且只有were, had, should 这三个词放在主语前面。III. Consolidation.I. To fill the blank with the word in the bracket. Change the form if necessary.1. If you _ (work) hard then, you would not have lost your job.2. If you _ (be) here, you would see the famous star.3. if you _(stay) in Beijing during the National Day, you would have had a wonderful time.4. _ I _ (fail) my driving test, I would take it again next month.5. You _(not make )such a serious mistake if you had followed my advice.6. If I _ (be) ten years younger, I _ (start) all over again.Had worked; were;had stayed; were,to fail; would not have make; were, would startChoose the right answer.1. -Mike, its a pity you didnt come to last nights concert. It was really great.-Really? If I _ so busy, I would have gone with. A. hadnt been B. werent C. shouldnt be D. wouldnt be2. _ fired, your health2 care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 3. What would have happened _, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk father C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked father4. _ your advice, I would have had no trouble with my papers. A. Had I followed B. If I followed C. If I have followed D. once I followed 5. What would you do if the war _? A. would break out B. were to break out C. will break out D. is broken out6. Should the weather be good tomorrow, we _ climbing. A. had gone B. could have gone C. would go D. went7. -Jack, its a pity you didnt come to the opening ceremony of the 16th Asian Games. It was really great! -Really? If I _ busy, I would have gone. A. hadnt been B. werent C. Shouldnt be D. wouldnt be 8. -If you _ to my birthday party last Saturday, you would have met our old friend Jim. -Oh, what a pity. A. came B. had come C. would come D. would have dome9. _ for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the exam. A. Had it not been B. Hadnt it been C. Was it not D. Were it not10. _