unit 4 grammar现在分词.ppt

Presentparticiple现在分词 分词 participle 分词定义 属于非谓语动词范畴 有动词的特征及形容词 副词的功能 分词的种类 现在分词 过去分词一般形式 doing done doing beingdone havingdone havingbeendone not 现在分词 现在分词的时态和语态 现在分词在句中可作哪些成分 Yesterday Iplannedtobuyaninterestingnovel Forgettingtobringmywallet Icouldn tpaythemoney Atthattime awomanchoosingbookbesidemeheardmecryingandsheofferedtolendmethemoney Iwasabletobuythebookatlastanditwasreallyinteresting 1 现在分词作表语 1 Theyaredancingnow 2 Thestoryisinteresting 1 构成时态2 形容词 令人 Hishobbyisdancing 分词具有形容词 副词功能 动名词具有名词功能 2 现在分词作宾补 Iheardhim 正在唱着一首新歌 Don thavethestudents 一直做作业 Thepolicemancaughtthethief 正在偷一个女孩的钱包 singing doing stealing 现在分词作宾补 表示正在进行的行为 see watch hear feel smell notice observe find discover have get leave catch send keep sb sth doing 3 现在分词作定语 单个的分词做前置定语分词词组做后置定语 1 表示情感心理的及物动词 或称为使动词 如excite interest amuse surprise fascinate puzzle satisfy encourage tire disappoint bore ing成为现在分词 用于修饰表示 物 的名词 激动人心的消息鼓舞人心的演讲令人惊讶的结果令人迷惑的问题 interesting interested The interest newsletusfeel interest 2 不及物动词的现在分词作定语表示正在进行中的动作 正沸腾的水boilingwater变化中的城市changingcity正在升起的太阳risingsun飞鸟flyingbird 发展中国家developingcountry行驶中的火车movingtrain睡着的婴儿sleepingbaby正倒下的树木fallingtrees 3 分词词组通常作后置定语表示 正在进行的动作 或是 一个在现在或过去某段时间内的经常化动作 可以转换成定从 Themansittingatthedeskisourteacher Themanwhoissittingatthedeskisourteacher ThestudentsstudyingattheschoolaremostlyfromShanghai ThestudentswhostudyattheschoolaremostlyfromShanghai Practice 1 将下列现分转换成定从 Wepassedmanypeopleslowlyhikingbackup Theboystandingbythedoorarrivedonlyyesterday ThemantalkingwithMaryismybrother Thebuswaitingbytheroadsidetakesthepupilstoschool manypeoplewhowereslowlyhikingbackup Theboywhoisstandingbythedoor ThemanwhoistalkingwithMaryis Thebuswhichwaitsbytheroadside Practice 2 将下列定从转换成现分 Thehousewhichisbeingbuiltwillbeournewclassroom Idon tknowthedoctorswhoaresittingattheback Peoplewholivecomfortablyinthetownshardlyfeelthepleasureoflivinginthecountry Therearemanypeoplewholikefishingattheweekend Thehousebeingbuiltwillbe thedoctorssittingattheback Peoplelivingcomfortablyinthetowns manypeoplelikingfishingattheweekend Practice 3 Translation 那两个在那儿聊天的学生是我的同学 这些规则对那些喜欢开快车的人是很必要的 那个正在使用的机器是从美国引进的 住在这个地区的人们已经习惯了噪音 Thetwostudentschattingtherearemyclassmates Therulesareessentialtothepeoplelikingtodrivefast ThemachinebeingusedwasintroducedfromAmerica Thepeoplelivingintheareahavebeenusedtothenoise 4 现在分词作状语 状语 方式 伴随 时间 原因 条件等 Thegirlleftthehallstillcrying Readingthebook henoddedfromtimetotime Turningright youcanseethebankisoppositetoyou Notknowinghisaddress Ican tsendthisbooktohim Hecameridingabicycle 分词作状语一般都可以转化成一个从句 Thegirlleftthehallandstillcried Whenhewasreadingthebook henoddedfromtimetotime Ifyouturnright youcansee SinceIdon tknowhisaddress Ican tsendthisbooktohim Hecameandrodeabicycle 分词的附加成分 WhenIwaswalkingtoschool Isawhim Walkingtoschool Isawhim Whenwalkingtoschool Isawhim 现在分词的一般式前面根据句意 可以加上when while once if although evenif though 将下面的状语从句转化成现在分词 Practice Ifyouaddtwototwo yougetfour Thoughshedrinksalot sheisingoodhealth If addingtwototwo yougetfour Thoughdrinkingalot sheis 1 Walkingalongtheroad A theysawanaccident B anaccidentoccurred 2 Seeingthehouseonfire A watershouldbeusedtoputoutit B hedialed119 A B 非谓语充当状语时 其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致 现在分词的现在完成时 分词作状语 havingdonehavingbeendoneHavingfinishedtheworkthere wemovetoanotherplace Havingbeenshownaroundtheschool wewereguidedtothegym 1 明显表示时间的先后次序 做完一件做另一件 Iwenttobed Iwashedmyface Havingwashedmyface Iwenttobed Afterwashingmyface 一听到铃声 thestudentsenteredtheclassroom 一打开门 shesawherroombrokeninto Hearingthebell Openingthedoor 注意 当动词为see hear know enter arrive等词 虽然也有时间的先后 但通常表示时间间隔很短 不用完成时 2 当动词是finish 一定用havingdone的形式 读完这本书 我深深地被感动了 Havingfinishedreadingthebook Iwasdeeplymoved 3 当分词结构中有for since manytimes before 用havingdone 我以前看过他 Icaneasilyrecognizehim 自从童年他就住在这里 heknowsthecitywell Havingseenhimbefore Havinglivedheresincechildhood 补充1 独立主格结构 Weatherpermitting I llgoandvisitthezoo 当分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不同时 带逻辑主语的分词短语被称作为独立主格 ItbeingSunday Ineedn tg