定语从句PPT课件.ppt

eg TheboywhoisreadingisTom 先行词 关系代词 Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks 先行词 关系副词 放在名词或代词后面 由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 考点一 考查非限定性定语从句 Wearegoingtoholdaschoolsportsmeeting whichisheldtoenrichourschoollife 非限定性定语从句的关系词为 1 关系代词which who whom whose2 关系副词whenwherewhy 不能用that as和which引导非限定性定语从句时 as和which都能指代整个句子 区别在于as引导定语从句可以在主句之前 之后或中间 可以翻译为 正如 正像 当从句的谓语动词是beannounced expected known reported said imagined shown等被动形式 常用as 而which只能放在主句的后面 没有意思 as 典例精析 1 2017 全国 卷 ButSarah hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty 2 2016 全国卷 卷 SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius livedfromroughly551to479BC influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks 3 2016 全国 卷 ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid 1980s IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild who who when 考点二 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句 Mr King whoselegswerebadlyhurt wastakentothehospital Theyliveinaroomwhosewindowopenstothesouth 指人 引导非限定性定语从句 指物 引导限定性定语从句 表示所属关系 译为 的 典例精析 1 2015 四川卷 Thebookonthedesk coversareshiny areprizesforus 2 2014 山东卷 Acompany profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad 3 2013 福建卷 Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose liveswereaffected whose whose whose 考点三 考查 介词 关系代词 which whom 引导定语从句 当先行词在定语从句中做介词的宾语时 往往可以把介词放在关系代词之前 构成介词 关系代词 which whom 的结构 注意 近几年在考查这个类型的定语从句中 摒弃了往年考查介词的选择 而是仅考查对 介词 关系代词 引导定语从句的识别 降低了难度 CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow 典例精析 1 2015 安徽卷 Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon schooleducationdepends 2 2014 重庆卷 Hewrotemanychildren sbook nearlyhalfof werepublishedinthe1990 3 2014 天津卷 Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures eachof usesitdifferently 4 2013 辽宁卷 Hemaywinthecompetition in caseheislikelytogetintothenationalteam 5 2013 浙江卷 Thechildren allof hadplayedthewholedaylong werewornout which which which which whom 考点四 考查关系代词和关系副词的区别使用 判断是用关系代词还是关系副词 首先要找出先行词 再次判断先行词在从句中所做的成分 关系代词要在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 关系副词要在定语从句中做状语 注意 如果先行词是时间 地点或原因 不能从意思上判断就一定选择whenwhere或why 典例精析 1 2015 全国 卷 I dskippednearbyGuilin adreamplacefortouristseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver arepicturedbyartistinsomanyChinesepaintings 2 2015 湖南卷 Itistrulydelightfulplace looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages 3 2014 安徽卷 Theexactyear AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008 which that which which 考点五 考查定语从句的分割现在 TherearemanythousandsofstarsintheskythatarelikethesunDoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklace 典例精析 1 2014 北京卷 IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek myclassmatesrecommendedtome 2 2012 浙江卷 Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature forsomereason hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety which who 定语从句中的五个易混点 定语从句VS强调句型 ItwasNov 11 2011whentheygotmarried 2 定语从句VS同位语从句 Thefactthathetoldusisveryimportant ItwasonNov 11 2011whentheygotmarried Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody 3 定语从句VS并列句 Jimpassedthedrivingtest whichsurprisedeverybodyintheoffice Jimpassedthedrivingtest andit this thatsurprisedeverybodyintheoffice 4 Oneof the only oneof Heisoneoftheboyswhohavepassedtheexam Heisthe only oneoftheboyswhohaspassedtheexam 5 Theway做先行词是 从句引导词的选择 Theway that which 省略 heexplainedtouswasquitesimple Theway that inwhich 省略 heexplainedtouswasquitesimple 总结 判断定语从句的关系词 要遵循八字口诀即一看 先行词 二析 从句成分 三思 特殊情况 四选 关系词 apple theredthegreenthesmallthebig Theapplewhichisredismine Theapplewhichisgreenisyours Theapplewhichisredissmall Theapplewhichisgreenisbig Canyoufindthepen Iwrotewithitjustnow CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow Canyoufindthepen which Iwrotewithjustnow 4 which指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear TheTVset which heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan Isthisthelibrary which youborrowbooksfrom Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks 1 Thisisthehero whom weareproudof Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud Thisisthehero that weareproudof 2 Theroom that Iliveinisverybig Theroom which Iliveinisverybig TheroominwhichIliveisverybig TheroomwhereIliveisverybig 注意 固定动介词组不可分割 介词不能提前 例如 lookafter lookat 关系代词与介词 介词放在关系代词的前面时 介词宾语只能用which代物 用whom代人 介词在末尾时 关系词可以省略 定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that 而不宜用which1 从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory that Ihaveeverheard Thefirstmeeting that wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon 2 先行词是something nothing anything等不定代词时Hereissomething that Iwilltellyou 3 先行词既有人也有物时 只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures that Isee 4 先行词是oneof theone 或用little much few no all some any theonly thevery thesame thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant Ihaven tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou 5 当主句已有疑问词who或which时 用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting 注 who that在指人可以通用 但下列宜用who 不用that1 先行词是anyone someone those时 关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere 2 在therebe句型中 先行词指人 关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim 关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的 它和关系代词一样 在从句中代替先行词 在句中作状语 where 在从句中作地点状语 指代地点 when 在从句中作时间状语 指代时间 1 Thehotelwasn tclean Westayedatthehotel Thehotelwherewestayedwasn tclean Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasn tclean Thehotel which westayedatwasn tclean 2 I llneverforgettheday IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague I llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague 1 Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld Wemetheryesterday Thescientist wemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld whomthat 2 Thedressisnew Sheiswearingit Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew which 3 Heisthekindperson Ihaveeverworkedwithhim 4 Thisisthebestfilm Ihaveeverseenthisfilm HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith whom ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen 单项选择 1 Thisisthejob theylaughedat A whichB asC itD who2 BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark builtabout300yearsago A wherewasB thatwereC whichwasD where3 Whowasthegrey hairedman atyesterday smeeting A wesawhimB wesawC wesawwhoD shewasseen4 Theman ispaintingthehouseismyuncle A heB whomC whoseD who5 Whatistheanimal babyissleepinginitspocket A whoB whoseC itsD which A C B D B 6 Thisbookisforthestudents nativelanguageisn tEnglish A thatB ofwhomC whoseD who s7 Therobbersshouted Handsup I llshootanyone moves A whomB thatC whoD whose8 Thedictionary hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful A whichB forwhichC onwhichD aboutwhich9Theboy parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow A whoseB whoC hisD 10 Theman issmokingisabusdrive