名词性从句练习版本.doc

名词性从句名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目，主要考查对连接词的正确把握。分析历年各地的高考试题不难发现，连接代词what的用法是考查的热点。另外，在同位语从句中，经常考查that的用法。除此之外，其他连接词的用法以及从句的语序也时有考查。1 _makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhich2 Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell_close you may be to victory.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhere3 _ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever BWhatever CWhichever DWherever4 Its good to know_the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat5 It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhether6 _I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.AThat BWhich CWhether DWhat7 Police have found_appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat8 The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhether9 From space, the earth looks blue.This is _about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.Awhy Bhow Cbecause Dwhether10 _you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.AWhen BHow CWhat DThat考点1、考查连接词“that与 what” 【例1】 It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.Ahow Bwhich Cthat Dwhat【例2】 His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express.Athat Bhow Cwho Dwhat【例3】 Before the problem can be solved，it must be obvious _ the problem itself is.Awhat Bthat Cwhich Dwhy1_ seems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to enter universities does exist in other countries as well.AIt BWhich CWhat DThat2Meals in Spain are quite different from _ they have in China.Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhom3Believe it or not，Im sure that is _ people call the six sense.Awhen Bwhat Cwhich Dwhythat用于定语从句、宾语从句，what用于宾语从句、主语从句。做题时，首先通过分析句子结构来确定是什么类型的从句；其次看从句中缺哪种成分，缺主语或宾语就考虑用代词what，who，whatever，whoever等，否则就考虑用副词。若不缺少任何句子成分就用that。考点2/查连接词“if与whether”【例4】 It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.Ahow Bwhether Cwhat Dwhy【例5】 Weve offered her the job，but I dont know _ shell accept it.Awhere Bwhat Cwhether Dwhich【例6】 The limits of a persons intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.Awhere Bwhether Cthat Dwhy4It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.Awhether Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere第 5 页 共 5 页5 At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better.Awhen Bhow Cwhy Dif只用whether不用if的情况：whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：a引导主语从句并放在句首时，用whether；b引导表语从句时，用whether；c引导宾语从句并作介词宾语时，用whether；d从句后有“or not”时，用whether；e后接动词不定式时，用whether。考点3、同位语从句【例7】I made a promise to myself _ this year，my first year in high school，would be different.Awhether Bwhat Cthat Dhow【例8】 The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.Awhen Bthat Cwhether Dhow【例9】 Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhere6_ was known to us all that Johnson had broken his promise _ he would give each of us a small gift.AAs；which BWhat；that CIt；that DIt；which7 When the news came _ the war broke out，he decided，to serve in the army.Asince Bwhich Cthat Dbecause8Have you noticed the problem _ he is now in low spirits？_ come?Awhere；What Bthat；HowCin which；For Dwhat；As连接代词that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别连接代词that引导同位语从句时，应放在某些抽象名词如news，word(消息)，idea，fact，hope，desire，thought等之后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，连接代词that只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不担当任何成分，因此that引导的同位语从句是完整的，不缺任何成分。关系代词that引导定语从句时，关系代词that一方面起引导定语从句的作用，另一方面，that在定语从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。因此，that引导的定语从句是残缺的。如：The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.(同位语从句，不缺任何成分)我们的足球队赢了比赛的消息令人鼓舞。The news(that)we heard on the radio was not true.(定语从句，缺少宾语)我们在收音机里听到的那个消息不是真的。考点4、主语从句【例10】 It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.Awhether Bwhere Cwhich Dthat【例11】 _ was most important to her，she told me，was her family.AIt BThis CWhat DAs9 It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.Awhether Bhow Cif Dwhen10It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.Athat Bhow Cwhen Dwhy11_ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.AAnyone BThe one CWhoever DWho1引导词(1)从属连词作引导词：that，whether，if。(2)连接代词作引导词：what，who，which，whatever，whoever。(3)连接副词作引导词：how，when，where，whythat在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。2有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型注意：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important，natural，strange，etc.)that(should)do.It is suggested(requested，proposed，desired，etc.)that(should)do.考点4、宾语从句【例12】 As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose _ suits you best.Awhatever Bwhichever Cwhenever Dwherever【例13】 The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face.Awhat Bhow Cthat Dwhy【例14】 His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express.Athat Bhow Cwho Dwhat12The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.Awherever BHowever Cwhatever Dwhichever13We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.Awho Bwhom Cwhoever Dwhomever14 Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.Awhen Bhow Cthat Dwhether1that通常不可省略的情况(1)主语从句中，that从句置于句首时；(2)当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略；(3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that也不可省略。2whever与no matter wh的用法区别whever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句；而no matter wh只能引导让步状语从句。如：Whatever I said，he wouldnt listen to me.No matter what I said，he wouldnt listen to me.无论我说什么，他都不会听我的。(让步状语从句)He would believe whatever I said.我说什么他都信。(宾语从句)另外，在whoever，whatever，whenever，wherever中，ever起强调作用，意为“究竟、到底”。如：Wherever have you been？你究竟去了哪里？难点1、表语从句【例1】 Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money.Awhy Bwhen Cwhich Dwhat【例2】 Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer，which is _ he never finishes anything.Athat Bwhen Cwhere Dwhy【例3】 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.Awhat Bthat Cwhy Dwhether1I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats _ I dont agree.You should have a more active life.Awhere Bhow Cwhen Dwhat2The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park.Awhere Bhow Cwhen Dwhy3Engines are to machines _ hearts are to animals.Aas Bthat Cwhat Dwhich1引导词有连词that(that不可省)，whether；代词有who，whom，what，which；副词when，where，how，why等。如：The problem is that we didnt get in touch with him.注意：当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning.whether可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。1After three hoursclimbing，they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of.Awhat Bwhich Cwhere Dthat2A plan has been put forward _ more graduates should go to work in the country.Awhen Bthat Cwhether Dhow3It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.Athat Bwhen Cwhat Dhow4You cant im