直接引语变间接引语语法讲解.doc

直接引语变间接引语语法讲解直接引语变为间接引语从四方面变化：一、引导词;that直接引语是陈述句if/whether直接引语是一般疑问句疑问词：直接引语是特殊疑问句如：Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.Sheaskedme,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.二、人称：第一人称随主语，第二人称随宾语，第三人称不变”如：Shesaid.“Mybrotherwantstogowithme.”Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.HesaidtoKate，Howisyoursisternow?HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen.Mr.Smithsaid，“Jackisagoodworker.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodworker.三、时态：如果主句是一般现在时，去引号时态不变。如果主句是一般过去时，去引号时态要变为对应的过去某时态。如;1.Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”Shesaidshehadlostapen.2.Shesaid.“Wehopeso.”Shesaidtheyhopedso.3.Shesaid,“Hewillgotoseehisfriend。”Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend.注：直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时时态始终是一般现在时。如：“Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jacksaid,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：XiaoWangsaid，“IwasbornonApril20,1980.”XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.四、部分词的变化直接引语变间接引语，具有指代性的词也需要变化，一些具体变化如下：指示代词this-thatthese-those表示时间的词now-thentoday-thatdaythisweek(month,etc.)-thatweek(month,etc.)yesterday-thedaybefore，tomorrow-thenextdaylastweek(month)-theweek(month)beforethreedays(ayear)ago-threedays(ayear)beforenextweek(month)-thenext(following)week(month)表地点的词here-there动词bring-take，come-go五、直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语肯定改为todo;否定改为nottodo。常用“tell(ask,order,beg)sb.(not)todosth.”句型。如：“Dontmakeanynoise,”shesaidtothechildren.Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise.“Bringmeacupoftea,please,”saidshe.Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.直接引语变间接引语练习I.请选出正确的答案：1.“Youvealreadygotwell,haventyou?”sheasked.Sheasked_.A.ifIhavealreadygotwell,hadntyouB.whetherIhadalreadygotwellC.haveIalreadygotwellD.hadIalreadygotwell.2.Heasked,“AreyouaPartymemberoraLeaguemember?”Heaskedme_.A.amIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberB.wasIaPartymemberoraLeaguememberC.ifIwasaPartymemberoraLeaguememberD.whetherwasIaPartymemberoraLeaguemember.3.Heasked,“Howareyougettingalong?”Heasked_.A.howamIgettingalongB.howareyougettingalongC.howIwasgettingalongD.howwasIgettingalong4.Heaskedme_withme.A.whatthematterisB.whatthematerwasC.whatsthematterD.whatwasthematter5.Hesaid,“Dontdothatagain.”He_me_thatagain.A.saidtome;nottodoB.saidtome;dontdoC.toldme;dontdoD.toldme;nottodo6.Canyoumakesure_?A.thathewillcomeheretodayB.whenhewillcomeheretodayC.willhecomeheretodayD.whetherwillhecomeheretoday7.Doyouhappentoknow_?A.whereisheraddressB.inwhichplaceisheraddressC.whatheraddressisD.theplaceheraddressis8.Excuseme,butcanyoutellme_?A.wherecanIgettothelibraryB.whereIcangettothelibraryC.howcanIgettothelibraryD.howIcangettothelibrary9.Johnaskedme_tovisithisunclesfarmwithhim.A.howwouldIlikeB.ifornotwouldIlikeC.whetherIwouldlikeD.whichIwouldlike10.Idliketoknow_Chinese.A.whenhebegantolearnB.whendidhebegintolearnC.whendidhebeginlearningD.forhowlonghebegantolearnII.将下列句子变为间接引语：1.“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”hisfathersaidtohim.2.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghaionbusinessnextmonth,children”3.“Ihaventheardfrommyparentsthesedays,”saidMary.4.Thegeographyteachersaidtous,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearthandtheearthgoesroundthesun.”5.Shesaidtohim,“Itstimethatyoulefthere.”6.ZhangHongsaidtome,“DoctorWangpassedawayin1948.”7.Johnsaidtohisparents,“Ihadlearned500Chinesewordsbytheendoflastterm.”8.Thehistoryteachersaidtothem,“TheChineseCommunistPartywasfoundedonJuly1st,1921.”9.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”10.“HaveyouanythinginterestingIcanread,George?”shesaid.11.“Shesheretoaskforhelp,isntshe?”heasked.12.“Whereareyougoing?”thefatheraskedhisson.13.“Areyousorryforwhatyouhavedone?”themotheraskedthenaughtyboy.14.Shesaid,“Didyoumeetthismanatthestationtwohoursago,Mr.Li?”15.“Writeyournamesonyourpapersfirst,”theteachersaidtous.16.“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow,”herfriendsaidtoher.17.“Letmepacktheparcelforyou,”hesaid.18.“Dontmakesomuchnoiseinclass,boysandgirls,”saidtheteacher.19.“Whatalovelydayitis!”20.“HappyNewYeartoyou!”hesaid.III.把下列句子变为直接引语：1.ItoldhimthatIhadlostmymoneyandthatIwouldfindit.2.SheaskedwhetherIwouldbefreethenextdayornot.3.Iaskedherwhereshewasgoingandwhatshewasgoingtodothenextday.4.Hisfathertoldhimnottoclimbthathightreeinhisnewcoat.5.Thestrangerask