Unit 4 Unforgettable Films Period IV Grammar 导学案.doc

Unit 4 Unforgettable Films Period IV Grammar 导学案定语从句之介词+关系代词和关系副词介词+关系代词在这种结构中，关系代词若是表示人的意义，就只能用whom ；关系代词若是表示事物的意义，就只能用which 。而这种结构中较难解决的问题是介词的选择问题，因为这个问题的解决取决于多种因素：动词与介词的搭配B)名词与介词的搭配C)形容词与介词的搭配，等等。总之，要依从句的具体需要而定。例如：A)动词与介词的搭配He has found a good job for which he is qualified .(qualify + 名词+ for 使具有资格 )他找到了一份他能胜任的工作。The man to whom you talked just now will chair the meeting tomorrow . ( talk to + 名词 与某人谈话 ) 你刚才与他谈话的那个人明天主持那个会议。He is bargaining with the landlord over the monthly price at which the apartment rents .名词+ rent at + 表示价格的词 某物以某价格出租 )他在与房东就那套公寓出租的月租金进行磋商。B)名词与介词的搭配They are still living in the little house in which theyve been lived for 15 years . ( in the house 在屋子里 )他们现在还住在他们已住了15年的那个小房子里。Weve worked out a method by which our production can be raised on a large scale.( by a method通过某种方法) 我们已研制出了一个能大规模提高生产的方法。She didnt realize the extent to which she had been distracted .( to extend 到某种程度 ) 她没有意识到她心烦意乱的程度。C)形容词与介词的搭配The secretary with whom the boss is not happy will be fired for her inefficiency . (happy with 对表示满意)老板对其不满意的那个秘书将由于她没有工作效率而被解雇。Ive found the job for which Ive been eager for a long time.( eager for 渴望得到 ) 我已找到了我渴望已久的那份工作。He is a learned man with whom we are familiar .(familiar with 熟悉)他是一位我们熟悉的有学识的人。关系副词：when ， where ， why 等。在定语从句，关系副词 = 介词 + which 。也就是说，每个关系副词里本身就已经含有了一个介词：when = 在什么时候，where = 在什么地方，why = 为什么原因，等。至于在英文中用哪个具体的介词，就得依具体情况而定了。when 代替表示时间的名词，而这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当状语，例如：People will always remember the time when Hong Kong and Macao returned to our motherland .人们会永远记住香港和澳门回归祖国的那一时刻。He came at a time when we needed help . 他在我们需要人帮忙的时候来了。We dont know the exact time when the English Evening will be held . 我们不知道英语晚会举行的确切时间。where 代替表示地点的名词，而这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当状语。例如：The place where were to have the Speech Contest has not been decided yet.我们举行演讲比赛的地点还未定下来。He is living in a newly-built house where there used to be a pond . 他现在居住的新房是原先一个池塘的旧址。That is a beautiful campus where I made a lot dreams .那是一座我曾经在那儿有过许多梦想的美丽的校园。why 代替表示原因的名词，而这个名词在从句中又与介词构成了短语，在从句中充当状语。例如：He didnt tell her the reason why he was so happy .他没有告诉她为什么他那么高兴的原因。The reason why she was late is not so acceptable .她迟到的原因不那么令人接受。They explained the reason to us why they had misunderstood us before .他们向我们解释为什么他们以前误解了我们的原因。练习1.Do you still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing？ A. which B. that C. when D. where 2. We came to a place _ they had never paid a visit before. A. to where B. to which C. that D. which 3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago？ A. that B. where C. which D. the one4. Do you know the man _？ A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke5. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. There6. The pen _he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which7. This is the reason _he di