河北省邯郸市丛台区永安学校中考英语 备考阅读话题练习 科普知识与现代技术.doc

科普知识与现代技术一、阅读理解（共20小题；共40分）a have you noticed your life becoming a little easier? now, when you go to a certain shopping mall, you can enjoy its free wi-fi there. when you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. in fact, all these can be seen as the basic parts of a smart city. the idea of a smart city was brought up by us company ibm in 2010. generally, a smart city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the internet to improve city planning, save money and resources, and make our life convenient. how smart can a city be? here are great examples that we can learn from. in 2009, dubuque became the first smart city in the us. the city used smart water meters to take the place of traditional water meters. they can detect(探测) water waste and leakage(泄漏) and send data to let the house owner know. the same system is used for other city resources like electricity and natural gas. this way, people know how they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste. santander in spain also gives us a look at the future. if people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that serve the stop as well as their arrival times. the government organized a research team and provided an app(应用程序) that collects data on almost everything: light, temperature, and the movements of cars and people. opening the app near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers. 1. according to the passage, which of the following is right?a. digital technologies are used in smart cities.b. an english company first raised the idea of a smart city.c. a smart city is mainly made up of free wi-fi and phones.d. a smart city is still an idea and hasnt come into being. 2. the underlined word convenient is the closest in meaning to .a. usefulb. normalc. suitabled. easy 3. compared to traditional water meters, smart water meters do better in .a. cleaning waterb. supplying waterc. saving waterd. producing water 4. the example of santander shows the use of smart systems in aspects(方面) except .a. businessb. health carec. traffic controllingd. public transportation 5. whats the main idea of the passage?a. digital technologies help improve city planning.b. smart cities will make our future life better and smarter.c. smart cities are very common in both dubuque and santander.d. spain and the us take the leading position in building smart cities.b if your pen broke at school today, what would you do? you would go to a shop and buy a new one. what if you could simply print out a real, working pen with your 3-d printer without leaving your room? ten years ago people could only see 3-d printing in science fiction movies. but now 3-d printing is here and its bringing big changes. unlike normal printing that can only copy a 2-d picture with ink. 3-d printing can build almost anything made from material. the printer layers(分层) the material in different shapes to create the object you want to be copied. the 3-d printer has been used to make many different things. people have made cups, cars and even an airplane with it. doctors have been using 3-d printers for several years. peoples nervous systems have been printed out in 3-d form in medical research. some body parts have been printed and used in hospital. several months ago, doctors used a 3-d printer to rebuild the face of a person who had a bad accident. in the future, it is expected that the printer will make human organs to save more lives. however there are drawbacks to the printer. at the moment, printing can be quite slow and its still rather expensive. the average(平均的) price of a household printer is around $1,700, not including the cost of the materials. but as the technology develops, it shouldnt be long before disadvantages are improved. only time will tell where this new technology will take us. 6. people could see 3-d printing in ten years ago.a. large high schoolb. science fiction moviesc. digital camera shop 7. people still cant make a(n) with a 3-d printer so far.a. airplaneb. facec. organ 8. what does the underlined word drawbacks mean?a. 不足b. 趋势c. 优点 9. which of the following is true?a. the normal printer can build 3-d objects you want.b. no nervous systems are printed out in 3-d form.c. the 3-d printing can be cheaper and faster in the future.10. whats the best title of the passage?a. the disadvantages of 3-d printingb. the changes brought by 3-d printingc. the rapid development of sciencec do you want to keep away from colds? you must say, of course. now, first, please put on a happy face. a new study shows that happy and relaxing people seem to fall ill less often than those unhappy people. its possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, said the researcher sheldon cohen from new york university(大学). in an earlier study, cohen found that cheerful and lively people caught coughs and colds less often. peoples feelings seemed to affect their health. in this study, cohen interviewed(采访) 193 adults(成人) every day for two weeks. during the interviews, the people told researchers that the doctors asked them to stay alone in a room for six days because of the cold. the results showed the people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness were less serious and lasted for a shorter time. cohen believes that when people have good feelings, their body may make a chemical, and it can help fight illnesses and diseases. so if you are worried about your health, look on the bright side more often. just as the old saying goes, a coin has two sides.11. what does the underlined word researcher mean in chinese?a. 工程师b. 经理c. 研究者d. 哲学家12. what did the study find?a. happy people never fell ill.b. peoples feelings didnt affect their health.c. happy and lively people had less serious illnesses.d. people with good feelings became ill more easily.13. according to cohen, which of the following can help fight illnesses and diseases?a. sleeping.b. laughing.c. eating.d. worrying.14. where can you read the passage?a. in the newspaper.b. in a storybook.c. in a novel.d. in an opera.15. what does the sentence a coin has two sides. mean?a. a coin has left and right side.b. a coin has front and back side.c. a thing usually has bad and good sides.d. the coins front side is better than the back side.d 1. the dream. it is everyones dream to work at home or not work at all. you can plan your own hours and work when you want to. there is no more rush hour and no hours that people waste when they get to and from a job every day. 2. the fact. the fact is that this dream can be attained. you can stay at home, work when you want to and make money when you need to. there are plenty of opportunities for you to make money at home, just by using your computer and the internet. 3. start today! educate yourself, look closely into all the opportunities and decide on what works best for you. it will not happen during one night, but you can make the decision today and start to make it happen today. 4. how could you do it? do you have a blog or a personal website like millions of other people? are you using it to make money? most of these blog and website owners are not. but you can do that! 5. . when you have your computer and the internet working for you, your businesses will be working for you 24 hours a day, seven days a week. you will make money while you sleep, travel or do whatever you want to do all day long. 6. get going! there are many ways you can make money with your computer. and you can begin your stay-at-home businesses with just a little money. what are you waiting for?16. in which part of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?a. spotsb. newsc. cultured. business17. what does the underlined word “attained” in point 2 mean?a. brokenb. realizedc. lostd. destroyed18. whats the best title for point 5?a. sleep 24 hours a dayb. make money every momentc. play all day longd. travel around the world19. which of the following is not true according to the passage?a. people need a lot of money to start a stay-at-homeb. people can even use their blogs to make moneyc. people can plan their own time when they work atd. people can make the best decision and start to make20. how is the passage organized?a. by using famous peoples wordsb. by giving reasons onlyc. by showing a topic and giving solutionsd. by telling old stories二、阅读与表达(混合式)（共10小题；共10分）a 3d printers have been around us for some time. there is a lot you can do and image with a 3d printer. a company in china has recently used 3d printers to make ten full-sized houses in just 24 hours. these houses are printed with special ink that has been made from industrial construction waste. the using of cheap materials makes it possible to print each house under $5000. the ceo of the company says: . he plans to set up 100 recycling factories across china, changing waste into cost-effective ink for 3d printers. however, at present, multi-storey 3d printed building are not allowed in china. so, its important that the 3d printing technology will be widely used to build any time soon. maybe there is still a long way to go. 任务一：从下列a-d中选择合适的句子补全至文中-处。a. they are both environment-friendly and cost-effective.b. now add building a house in a day to the list.c. he also hopes his printers can be used to build tall buildings.d. and each of the houses covers an area of 200 square meters.21. 22. 23. 24. 任务二：选择题。25. according to the passage, which of the following is ture?a. each of the printed housed costs at least 5000 dollars.b. theres no limit in china to print tall building with 3d printers.c. the 10 full-sized houses are printed out of recycled materials.d. 3d printers will soon came into common use to build houses.b do you know weibo? do you write a weibo? if you dont, you are out! weibo means microblog. people may spend much time writing a blog, but it takes a little time to write a microblog. why? microblog started in the usa. it came to china in 2009 and it has developed very fast. in 2011, the number of chinese micro-bloggers grew to 300 million. for many microblog users, it is a great way of learning the freshest news, talking with friends and sharing different kinds of information, including news, daily life, pictures, music and so on. many stars and famous people also write microblogs and share good things with their fans. it is easy and fast to send a message on a microblog. for example, when the big earthquake and tsunami(海啸) hit japan in march, 2011, messages like salt can protect people from radiation were hot on microblogs. later people realized it was just a rumor(谣言). in a word, microhlog plays a new role in the life of chinese people. 任务一：从下列a-d中选择合适的句子补全至文中-处。a. it soon caused a crazy buying of salt.b. however, this can also lead to problems and even cause panic.c. because every message on a microblog is