河北省邯郸市丛台区高考英语 阅读理解练习（3） (2).doc

河北省邯郸市丛台区2016高考英语 阅读理解练习（3）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。the world is filled with smart，talented and gifted peoplewe meet them every daya few days ago，my car was not running welli pulled it into a garage，and the young mechanic had it fixed in just a few minuteshe knew what was wrong by simply listening to the enginei was amazedthe sad truth is，great talent is not enough i am constantly shocked at how little talented people earni heard the other day that less than 5 percent of americans earn more than $100，000 a yeara business consultant who specializes in the medical trade was telling me how many doctors and dentists struggle financiallyit was this business consultant who gave me the phrase，“they are one skill away from great wealth”there is an old saying that goes，“job means just over broke（破产）”and unfortunately，i would say that the saying applies to millions of peoplebecause school does not think financial intelligence is intelligence，most workers“ live within their means”they work and they pay the billsinstead i recommend young people to seek work for what they will learn，more than what they will earn when i ask the classes i teach，“how many of you can cook a better hamburger than mcdonalds?” almost all the students raise their handsi then ask，“so if most of you can cook a better hamburger，how come mcdonalds makes more money than you?” the answer is obvious: mcdonalds is excellent at business systemsthe reason why so many talented people are poor is that they focus on building a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systemsthe world is filled with talented poor people they focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger1the author mentions the mechanic in the first paragraph that ahe is just one of the talented people bhe is ready to help othersche has a sharp sense of hearing dhe knows little about car repairing2the underlined part in the third paragraph can be best replaced by aspend more than they can afford bdo in their own wayclive in their own circle dlive within what they earn3why do talented people earn so 1ittle according to the author?athey dont work hard enough bthey lack financial intelligencecthey dont make full use of their talents dthey have no specialized skills4the success of mcdonalds lies in its askills at making hamburgersbgood business systemsctalented workers dexcellent service5the main purpose of the author is to tell us ahow young people can find a satisfactory jobbwhat schools should teach studentscwhy so many talented people are poor dhow mcdonalds makes much money【参考答案】15、adbbc 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。people who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are better at recalling information and making links between facts when waking. but recharging with a shallow (小睡) offers no such mental improvement, the research suggests. the results of the study added to the growing body of evidence that rapid eye movement (rem) sleep is very important to the brains ability to form strong memories.an average nights rest includes four or five spells of rem sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night. this means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night - and therefore inadequate rem sleep - may be damaging their minds ability to memorize: although rem sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.in the recent study, participants were shown groups of three words - such as “cookie”, “heart”, and “sixteen”-and asked to find another word that can be associated with all three words. they were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. in between, some were allowed a nap with rem sleep, some a nap without rem sleep, while the others had a quiet rest period. the quiet rest and non-rem sleep groups didnt improve, but the rem sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 per cent. dr sara mednick, a sleep researcher at the university of california who led the study, believes the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in the brain occurs during rem sleep. people woken while their closed eyes made rapid movements recalled much more colorful and detailed dreams than people woken during other stages of sleep.1. according to the passage, to have a good memory, a person had better _ at night. a. sleep four to five hours at most b. sleep as much as possible c. sleep with four or five periods of rem d. have a shallow sleep答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。由第二段 “an average nights rest includes four or five spells of rem sleep this means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night - and therefore inadequate rem sleep - may be damaging their minds ability to memorize:”可知，rem 睡眠包括四个或者五个阶段，如果成年人睡眠少于七到八个小时，会伤害大脑的记忆力，故答案为c。2. if you dont sleep seven to eight hours at night very often, _. a. you will tend to have longer periods of rem b. your strong memories might be ruined c. you will have an adequate rem sleep d. your mind can form strong memories答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。结合上题的分析可知，如果睡眠少于七到八个小时，记忆力会受到伤害。故答案为b。3. the third paragragh is mainly about _ of the most recent study. a. the process b. the results c. the participants d. the content答案解析：答案为a。通读第三段可知，本段是关于研究的过程。故答案为a。4. what is the authors purpose in writing the passage? a. to explain the imortance of rem sleep to ones memories b. to persuade readers to sleep seven to eight hours at night. c. to discuss the relationship between sleep and memories d. to introduce the new study on sleep and memories答案解析：答案为d。本题考查作者的写作目的。本文第一段引入了rem 睡眠对人的记忆力的影响，第二段对其进行了具体介绍，第三段介绍了研究的过程，最后一段对rem 睡眠作出了进一步的解释，故答案为d，介绍一项睡眠和记忆的新研究。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013辽宁，d)“indeed，” george washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before i left home.” but the father of america was not the father of bug. when washington wrote that, englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and americans had already created lightningbug(萤火虫). but the english were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the americans to call a bug a bug in nineteenth and twentieth centuries.the american bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bugshaped car. the bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”. now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others conversations. since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”， and since the 1940s it has been annoying.we also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. that meaning dates back to the time of thomas edison. in 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. in 1889 it was recorded that edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering a bug in his invented record player.”文章大意：本文主要说的是“bug”一词的起源，不同含义和发展。9we learn from paragraph 1 that _.aamericans had difficulty in learning to use the word bugbgeorge washington was the first person to call an insect a bugcthe word bug was still popularly used in england in the nineteenth centurydboth englishmen and americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century答案：d推理判断题。从第一段的george washington wrote in his diary in 1785和but the father of america was not the father of bug. when washington wrote that, englishmen had .可知d项为正确答案。10what does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?aexplanation. bfinding.corigin. dfault.答案：d词义猜测题。从第四段的in 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties”可知答案。11the passage is mainly concerned with _.athe misunderstanding of the word bugbthe development of the word bugcthe public views of the word bugdthe special characteristics of the word bug答案：b主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要说的是“bug”一词的使用时间以及发展，故b项为本题答案。【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（10）】读写任务（共1小题，满分25分） 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。last year, researchers in taiwan found that playing outdoors reduces progression of short-sightedness of school children. around the same time, global times published a report, explaining that staring at the screen of an ipad closely tightens the muscles of the eyes and will lead children to suffer from headaches. if the muscles remain tightened for a long time, they will change the shape of the eyeballs, which will lend to short-sightedness. hu li, an eye doctor at guang7hou no. 3 hospital, said that in recent weeks, 700% of his patients were children and the biggest cause of their eyesight problems was ipads and smart phones. hu said he was working overtime all summer and he was not alone. eye doctors at sun yat-sen university hospital said they were seeing over 300 children a day. in 2012, the national bureau of statistics revealed that china has the second highest rate of short-sightedness in the world. up to 61% of primary school students are short-sighted, 68% of middle- school students are short-sighted, and 90% of university students are short-sighted: the paper reports.【写作内容】1以约30个词概括本文内容；2以约120个词就“学生近视严重”这一话题发表自己的看法，并包括如下要点： (1)分析学生近视的原因； (2)简述你或他人一次因近视而产生不便的经历； (3)对于保护视力，你的建议是什么。【写作要求】 1作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。 2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。_【参考范文】读写任务 (one possible version)the cause of short-sightedness is explained with two examples of doctors findings and figures from the national bureau of statistics. they showed that short-sighted students are increasing due to the use of ipads and smart phones. why are short-sighted students increasing? thats because many students often spend too much time surfing the internet: playing games and watching videos. on the other hand, most of them usually overwork their eyes since they have to do a lot of reading and endless homework every day. in my junior high school, i was short- sighted and for some time i couldnt see the words on the blackboard clearly, so i couldnt follow the teacher in class. naturally, i fell behind and had to spend most of my spare time catching up with my classmates.in order to keep good eyesight, firstly we shouldnt overwork our eyes. secondly, wed better stop to rest after we do some reading for an hour or so. lastly, we should make it a rule to do eye exercises every day. 【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（9）】基础写作（共l小题，满分15分） 假如你是中学生李华，你接受了一项写作任务，要为一个英文网络论坛回贴。写作内容一位名叫grown-up的中学生发贴倾诉与父母不能融洽相处，希望得到帮助。请根据以下内容，给grown-up同学回帖。回帖的观点：1为了生计，父母必须努力工作，不能保证和孩子在一起的时间；2父母成长时的社会、经济、教育环境与孩子现在所处的不尽相同，不能理解孩子的某些想法和做法。回帖的建议：1主动多跟父母交流，增进互相了解和理解；2共同探讨对某些事情的看法；3做力所能及