河南省三门峡市高考英语一轮 暑假基础训练（12）.doc

河南省三门峡市2014高考英语一轮（暑假）基础训练（12）附答案.单项填空1the israels sudden attack made them more _ the danger around them.aaware baware aboutcaware of daware to解析：选c。 用作形容词与之搭配的介词为of，也可以后接从句。当aware后接that从句时，一般不接介词of；若接what等从句，其介词可带也可不带。本题空格后是名词the danger，因此应用aware of。句意为：以色列的突然攻击使他们更加注意周围的危险。2_he thought he was helping us with the work，he was actually in the way.aalthough bunlesscbecause dwhen解析：选a。句意：虽然他认为他是在帮我们做工作，但事实上他是在碍事。a项意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；b项意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句；c项意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句；d项主要引导时间状语从句。根据语境可知，答案为a。3(2012福建省泉州一中高三第一学期期末试题)i missed the last bus last night and had no money for a taxi so i had no_but to walk home.away bchoicecpossibility dselection解析：选b。句意：昨天晚上我错过了最后一班车，又没有钱坐出租车，所以我只能走回家。have no choice but意为“除了之外别无选择”。四个选项构成的词组中只有have no choice but后面接不定式。4i hope my teacher will take my recent illness into_when judging my examination.aregard bcountingcconsideration dobservation解析：选c。句意：我希望老师在评价考试成绩时，会把我最近生病这个因素考虑进去。take o consideration为固定搭配，意为“考虑到”。根据语境可知，c项合适。5some ads，like the environmental protection advertisements，_to our conscience or our desire to be worthy citizens.aadapt battachcappeal dadjust解析：选c。句意：一些像环境保护之类的广告，可以唤醒我们的良知或成为好公民的愿望。adapt to意为“适应，适合”；attach to意为“固定，绑缚”；appeal to意为“吸引，唤起”；adjust to意为“适应”。根据语境可知，c项合适。6my study of biology has_much of my spare time，but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.ataken off btaken downctaken up dtaken away解析：选c。take up意为“开始(学习或从事)，占去”；take off意为“脱下，起飞”；take away意为“取走”；take down意为“写下，拆下”。根据语境可知，c项合适。7they were only _in protecting the powerful families.arelated bcared cconcerned dadapted 解析：选c。本题考查常用形容词辨析。be concerned in表示“关心”的意思。8(2012福建泉州培元中学月考)mother has a _ look，and i know nothing will make her change her mind.aexcited bdetermined cfrightened dembarrassed解析：选b。考查动词词义和形式的判定。句意：妈妈有一副坚定的神情，我知道，什么也不会让她改变主意。9all the girls swam in the lake except two，who_halfway.agave off bgave upcgave away dgave out解析：选b。句意：除去两个中途放弃的以外，所有的女孩子都在湖里游泳。give up意为“放弃”；give out意为“分发，发出(气味、热等)，发表，精疲力竭”；give away意为“赠送，分发，泄露，出卖”；give off意为“发出(蒸汽、光等)”。根据语境可知，b项合适。10i can hardly believe my eyes.what a poor composition you have_！there are so many wrong spellings in it.aturned into bturned offcturned to dturned in解析：选d。句意：我几乎不敢相信我的眼睛。你交的作文多差啊！里面有这么多的拼写错误。turn in意为“上交，归还”；turn into意为“进入，(使)变成”；turn to意为“转向，变成，求助于，致力于”；turn off意为“关掉，避开”。11_is known to us all is that the 2012 olympic games will take place in london.aas bwhatcthat dit解析：选b。句意：我们大家都知道2012年奥运会将在伦敦举行。what is known to us all是句子的主语，is是系动词，that the 2012.in london是表语。12although jane agreed with me on most points，there was one on which she was unwilling to_.agive out bgive incgive away dgive off解析：选b。句意：尽管jane同意我的大多数观点，但有一点她不愿意让步。give in意为“让步，屈服，上交”；give away意为“分发，赠送，泄漏”；give off意为“发出(光、热、声音、气味等)”；give out意为“分发，用完，垮掉，出故障，发表，公布，发出(热、声音、信号等)”。根据语境可知，b项合适。13the first asiaeurope culture and arts festival opened on september 2,2009 in beijing _the different asian european cultures.acontained bconsideredcsuggested dadvised解析：选a。句意：2009年9月2日在北京举办的“首届亚欧文化艺术节”中，包含多种亚欧文化形式。contain包含；consider认为；suggest建议，暗示；advise建议，忠告。根据语境可知，应选a。14(2012北京海淀调研)its cheaper if you book the rooms in _.afact bpubliccadvance dpresence解析：选c。句意为：预订房间会便宜一些。in advance提前。in fact 实际上；in public公共场合；in presence出现，存在。15the increased demand for their skills has given these workers greater_power.aoffering bdiscountingcbargaining dcashing解析：选c。句意：对技术需求的增加，使得这些工人有更多的本钱来讨价还价。offer意为“提供，提出”；discount意为“打折”；bargain意为“讨价还价”；cash意为“兑现，付款”。这里采用动词ing形式作定语。根据语境可知，应选c。*结束even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. but unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet awaystraight up. a decade ago, adopting the infrared(红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist stephen paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. the goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(杀虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest problems.even better, paleys remote scanning services company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. the data were transformed into a colourcoded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. farmers could then spotspray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.the bad news is that paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. farmers resisted the new technology and longterm backers were hard to find. but with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, paley hopes to get back into operation. agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “this technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the united states, ” says george oerther of texas a & m. ray jackson, who recently retired from the department of agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. but only if paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.51plants will send out an increased amount of heat when they are_.afacing an infrared scanner bsprayed with pesticidescin poor physical condition dexposed to excessive sun rays52in order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to_.aestimate the damage to the crops bdraw a colourcoded mapcmeasure the size of the affected area dlocate the problem area53farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by_.aresorting to spotspraying btransforming poisoned raincconsulting infrared scanning experts ddetecting crop problems at an early stage54the application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties_.aits high cost bthe lack of official supportcthe lack of financial support dits failure to help increase production参考答案-51c52d53a54c*结束 “in only six days i lost seven pounds of weight.”“two full inches in the first three days！”these are the kinds of statements used in magazine，newspaper，radio and television ads，promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. the promoters of products say they can shape the legs，slim the face，smooth wrinkles，or in some other way to add to beauty or desirability.often such products are nothing more than moneymaking things for their promoters. the results they produce are questionable，and some are dangerous to health. to understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public，it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. if the product is a drug，fda(food and drug administration)can require proof under the food，drug，and cosmetic act that is safe and effective before it is put on the market. but if the product is a device，fda has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. if a product already on the market is a danger to health，fda can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily，or it can take legal action，including seizure(查封)of the product.one notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the relaxacisor，which had been sold for reducing the waistline. the relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. fda took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.obviously，most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings(法律诉讼)，and new devices appear continually. before buying，it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.55it can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are_.aobjective bcostly cunreliable dillegal56fda can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product _.aif it is a drug bif it is a devicecif its consumers make complaints dif its distributors challenge fdas authority57the relaxacisor is mentioned as_.aa product which was designed to produce electricityba product whose distributor was involved in a legal case ca successful advertisement of a beauty productdan example of a quality beauty product58the author intends to_.amake consumers aware of the promoters false promisesbshow the weakness of the law on product safetycgive advice on how to keep young and beautifuldintroduce the organization of fda参考答案-55c56a57b 58a*结束 barack obama makes his first trip to asia as president this week, leaving behind a host of domestic (国内的) problems with the visit that recognizes the regions economic and diplomatic importance. “obama”s trip includes stops in japan, singapore, china and south korea, and his message will be simple, says nicolas lardy at the peterson institute for international economics. “well, i think his broadest aim is to convince asians that the united states is fully committed to the region that we have an agenda thats much broader than they saw over the past eight years of the very heavy focus on anti-terrorism.”obamas first stop is japan, where he meets with the new prime minister yukio hatoyama who has promised to steer a diplomatic course more independent of washington. while japan is seen as a getting-to-know-you stop, when obama heads to the singapore for the apec meeting, he will likely face pressure on trade. “many asians are concerned about what us trade policy will be, and theyve been somewhat alarmed by the fact that the president really hasnt set out very much revision for what us trade policy is in his administration.”but the critical leg of the trip will come in china, his third stop where obama will have to navigate the complex relationship with the country that is the largest holder of us debt. “as you say, you know, if you owe the bank one dollar, its your problem, if you owe the bank, you know, 3 million dollars, its the banks problem, so its similar with china. i mean they have no interest in trying to use the influence with us, because eventually, theyre the one that they own all those dollars.”also on the table will be north korea and irans nuclear ambitions as well as cooperation on afghanistan.with obama enjoying sky high popularity level in the countries he is visiting, detailed results may be beside the point, given that obama is still in his first year in office, analysts say this trip is mostly about laying the ground work for the future. 59、from the second paragraph, we can infer that .ajapan has not been the closest friend of americabjapan and singapore will give america some pressure on trade cjapan is concerned about what us trade policy will bedjapan decides not to rely on america too much60、what can you infer about chinas relation with america in the third paragraph?achina will sell all its shares in us national debt.bit will hurt china if the value of the dollar falls.cchina will not be the largest debt holder of us.dchina is us s overseas bank where us can borrow mon