河南省伊川县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解能力精练（4）.doc

河南伊川县2016高考英语阅读理解二轮能力精练（4）阅读理解。there is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling.no school i have taught in has ever considered spelling unimportant as a basic skill.there are，however，quite different ideas about how to teach it，or how much priority it must be given over general language development and writing ability.the problem is，how to encourage a child to express himself freely in writing without holding him back with spelling.if spelling becomes the only point of his teachers interest，clearly a bright child will be likely to “play_safe”he will write only words within his spelling range.thats why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.i was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience：“this work is terrible！there are far too many spelling mistakes.” it may have been a sharp criticism of the pupils technical abilities in writing，but it was also a sad thing for the teacher who had omitted(略过) to read the composition，which contained some beautiful expressions of the childs deep feelings.the teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the mistakes，but if his priority had concentrated on the childs ideas，an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more hope to seek improvement.36teachers differ in their opinions about_.athe difficulties in teaching spellingbthe role of spelling in general language developmentcthe importance of the basic writing skillsdthe necessity of teaching spelling37the underlined expression “play safe” in paragraph 2 probably means_.awrite carefullybdo as teachers saycuse dictionaries frequentlydavoid using words one is not sure of38teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that_.astudents will be able to express their ideas more freelybteachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakescstudents will have more trust in writingdstudents will learn to spell words correctly39the writer seems to think that the teachers judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is_.areasonable bunfaircfoolish dcareless40the major point discussed in the passage is_.athe importance of developing writing skillsbthe importance of spellingcthe correct way of marking compositiondthe relationship between spelling and the content of a composition36b本文是议论文，but，however，yet等连接词前面往往为他人或一般的观点和看法，连接词后才是作者的观点和看法。本题可从第一段however后面的内容得知。37d从此句的下句可知。38a从第一段最后一句及第二段可知。39b从最后一段中的关键词shocked及信息词but 可知作者的态度。40d由第一段最后一句可知d项正确。阅读理解。“the lord of the rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium（千年）, was made up of three parts“the fellowship of the ring”, “two towers”, and “the return of the king”. millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.john ronald reuel tolkien was born in south africa in 1892. his parents died when he was a child. living in england with his aunt, tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to tolkiens becoming skilled in welsh, greek, gothic, old norse and anglo-saxon.after graduating from oxford, tolkien served in world war i. in 1917, while recovering from trench fever, he began composing the mythology for the rings. as a professor of anglo-saxon in 1930s at oxford, tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the inklings, which included several writers. the group was soon listening to chapters of tolkiens imaginative work “the hobbit”.hobbit was a name tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the english rural（乡村的）class. hobbits live in hillside holes. one of them, bilbo baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves（侏儒）. on the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.one of tolkiens students persuaded her employer, publisher allen & unwin, to look at a draft（草稿）. the chairman of the firm, stanley unwin, thought that the best judge for a childrens book would be his ten-year-old son. the boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and “the hobbit” was published in 1937.it sold so well that unwin asked for a continuation. over a dozen years later, in 1954, tolkien produced “the lord of the rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readersnew and old after their publication.1. what can we learn from the text?a. “the lord of the rings” didnt sell well in the last millennium.b. people know better about tolkien himself than about his works.c. tolkien was quite familiar with old english.d. tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in africa. 答案解析：答案为c。本题为推理题。由第一段首句 “the lord of the rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium.”可知，a选项错误。由第一段后面的 “millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.” 可知，b选项错误。由第二段内容可知，tolkien 出生于南非，幼时丧父母，与aunt 住在英格兰，和表兄妹们一起玩耍的经历养成了对welsh, greek, gothic, old norse and anglo-saxon.的热爱，也使得tolkien能够熟练掌握它们。故可推断，tolkien在英格兰长大，熟悉的不会是非洲本土语言，应该是英语，文章提到那些语言自然就是古英语了。故答案c正确。2. what can we learn about “hobbit” that tolkien created in his works?a. hobbit was a race living in english downtown areas.b. hobbit was a local people who were very tall and strong.c. hobbit was a social group of people who lived in old castles.d. hobbit was a group of people who were mostly dwarves. 答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节推理题。由文章第四段 “hobbit was a name tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the english rural class. hobbits live in hillside holes.” 可知，a、b、c均不正确。由“half-sized”可推断，hobbit 中的大多数人是侏儒。故答案为d。3. which of the following helped most in making “the hobbit” published?a. one of tolkiens students.b. stanley unwins son.c. allen & unwin.d. bilbo baggins. 答案解析：答案为b。本题为推理题。尽管文章倒数第二段首句提到 “one of tolkiens students persuaded her employer, publisher allen & unwin, to look at a draft .” 但是后文又提到 “ the chairman of the firm, stanley unwin, thought that the best judge for a childrens book would be his ten-year-old son” 故可以推断，对于the hobbit的出版起着决定作用的应该是stanley unwins son。故答案为b。4. what is mainly discussed in the text?a. “the lord of the rings” and its writer.b. a completely new masterwork in the new millennium.c. a famous professor at oxford university.d. the power of the magic ring. 答案解析：答案为a。本题考查文章的中心。由第一段最后一句 “but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.” 和文章后面的内容可知，本文主要介绍the lord of the rings 和其作者。故答案为a。5. which of the following shows the right order of mr. j.r.r.tolkiens life experience?a. he had his “the hobbit” published.b. he became a member of the inklings.c. he served in world ward. he became an undergraduate at oxford.e. his work “the lord of the rings” came to the world.f. he moved to england to live with his aunt.a. f-d-b-c-a-eb. f-d-c-b-a-ec. f-c-d-b-e-ad. d-f-c-a-b-e 答案解析：答案为b。结合全文可知答案为b。阅读理解 recognized as the largest desert in the world, the sahara runs across north africa, covering over 3 million square miles from the atlantic coast to the nile river valley. except for an occasional oasis(绿洲), this vast land is mainly made up of sand, stones, and worn out mountains. the burning sun causes daytime temperatures to rise to 70 degrees in the shade, and days without rain commonly last for years.paintings found on the walls of caves in the sahara desert suggest that a few thousand years ago, large quantities of plants grew there and covered the desert floor. many curious and unusual insects, birds and animals got enough food that allowed them to grow and reproduce. at that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities(社团，社区) where a large number of people lived.research scientists believe that the land became a desert for several reasons. for centuries people there have wandered from place to place in search of food, water and grazing(吃草)land for their animals. these people have always considered the number of animals they have as a sign of wealth. it is considered more important to have 100 sick and starving animals than 15 healthy ones. the large herds(群)have been allowed to go freely and graze on desert plants and grass. over time, large sections of land have been left uncovered. in addition to allowing overgrazing, these people cut down whatever trees they could find and used them for firewood. the sand was unable to hold on to the great heat of the day, so nightting temperatures often drop below freezing and nothing was left to hold the soil together.scientists have been studying different ways to bring back the green desert. through research and experiments, they hope to be able to produce plants that will once again support the life there. huge holes filled with much water lie under the desert surface. scientists believe this rainwater simply flew down through the sand over hundreds of years and collected in the big, rocky holding tanks. by making use of the suns power, scientists in the sahara have made experiments in which they got huge amount of electricity. this electricity was then used to operate drilling machines and pumps to pull the rainwater from the underground tanks. by drilling the hole one mile deep into the floor of the desert, one machine was able to recover more than 80 gallons of icecold water each second, or 288,000 gallons per hour.scientists have had some success turning this wasteland into useful farmland. today the desert is dotted with huge wheat fields watered by a system of pipes that carry water from the underground tanks. farmers have also learnt that plants grow better if seeds are planted next to stones. studies show that stones provide protection from the sun, allowing seeds to grow in a shady and cool environment. in addition to that, greenhouses have been built to protect plants from the sunshine so that less water is needed. another idea is to grow plants that can live on a diet of salt water, since the ocean is so near to the desert.1. what will probably happen if the local people continue their customs and traditions?a. the desert will continue to be enlarged.b. tourists will begin traveling to north africa.c. more oases will begin to appear across the desert.d. the number of healthy animals will become larger. 答案解析：答案为a。本题为推理题。结合前三段可知，撒哈拉沙漠原本是绿洲，后由于人类过度放牧（overgrazing）、滥砍乱伐（these people cut down whatever trees they could find ）导致了沙漠的形成和扩大，因此可以推断，如果当地人继续沿袭他们的老传统，会导致沙漠继续扩大。故答案为a。2. which of the flowing statements is a fact presented in the passage?a. the desert is rich in beautiful color and scenery.b. camels can go for days without drinking any water.c. the sahara will one day become a beautiful garden.d. large river systems once supported many communities.答案解析：答案为d。本题为推理题。考生需看清题意，要求选择与原文符合的事实。由第二段最后一句话 “at that time, huge river systems and many oases supported growing communities where a large number of people lived.”可知，答案为d。由第一段 “except for an occasional oasis, this vast land is mainly made up of sand, stones, and worn out mountains.”可知，a选项错误；b选项未提及；c选项也不是事实。故答案为d。3. the author of the passage provides evidences (证据)that scientists are .a. pleased by the progress but do not have the money to continueb. discouraged by the poor results of their experiments c. hopeful about the chances of life coming back to the desertd. troubled by the lack of water found underground 答案解析：答案为c。本题为推理题。由最后两段可知，科学家一直在研究让沙漠变绿洲的办法，并且已经付诸实践，取得了一定的成效，故可推断，科学家满怀希望想使撒哈拉沙漠恢复生机。故答案为c。4. which of the following is the best summary of this passage?a. drilling machines help to water the desert floor and make plants and animals alive.bscientists have been able to turn this large wasteland into a successful farming community.c. so much soil has become sand that the desert will never be able to support life as it once did.d. the desert no longer supports plenty of life, but researchers hope to change it with new scientific techniques. 答案解析：答案为d。本题为主旨大意题。本文揭示了撒哈拉沙漠形成的原因，重点是介绍科学家依靠科学技术试图让这片沙漠变成绿洲的方法。故答案为d。阅读理解。my life suffered a lot in summer five years ago.my father died in a car accident，leaving my mother，my two younger brothers and i alone.at that time，i was a senior high school student.after my fathers funeral，i had no choice but to drop out of school and work in a factory.i really wanted to return to school and wanted to go to college，but i couldnt.i only hoped to bring up my two young brothers.life was not easy for me，for i cant afford their tuition even if i worked from day to night without stopping.without my fathers protection，i thought i was a slave to the fate.later on，something changed my life.i still remember that it was a rainy day.i put myself in the rain and walked slowly in the street.suddenly the rain stopped！i raised my head and found “the sky” was in fact a dark blue umbrella.then i noticed a middleaged man with one leg on crutch(拐杖) standing behind me.he said to me，“why not run without an umbrella？if you didnt run，you would get drenched.”the man told me that he was a promoter.he once dreamed of being a policeman，but an accident ruined his dream.though his present job was not suitable for his legs，it was a wonderful start to him.he was very happy that he didnt lose heart and still “ran” on the road of life.i was encouraged by the mans words.i went to a big city and became an assurance representative.after two yearsrunning，i did well and my family condition turned better little by little.later i returned to school and succeeded in my entrance to university.life is like this.when you are in rainy days in your life，if you couldnt find a way to prevent you from being wet，you would be overwhelmed.but if you decide to get rid of it，youll discover that the rainy days last not so long as you imagine.41what happened to the writer at the beginning of the story?ahis father died in a car accident six years ago.bhe had to dro