六年级上册英语总复习.doc

南京旭冉教育 六年级英语第一讲 名词、代词名 词概念：表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。一、名词单复数变化规则1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”：a一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读 s， 浊辅音和元音后读z。b以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ； c以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ； d以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves； e以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）有生命的+es 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) 无生命的+s 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 2、不可数名词没有复数：强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was；如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。例如：a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice二、名词所有格的构成法1. 主要是在词尾加 s 构成。如: This is Toms desk . 这是汤姆的书桌。 That is Mikes book. 那是迈克的书。2. 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个 。如:the teachers reading room 教师阅览室the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒3. 如果原词是复数形式，但不是以s 结尾， 变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s 。如： the childrens palace 少年宫 mens room 男厕所名词专项练习题一、 写出下列名词的复数形式1.computer _ 2.apple _ 3.city _4.house _ 5.sheep _ 6.watch _7.tomato _8.child _ 9.tooth _10.foot _ 11.wife _12.potato _13.play _ 14.day _ 15.glass _16.radio _ 17.zoo _ 18. life _19. story _ 20.leaf _ 21. baby _22.dress _ 23.butterfly _24. deer _25.class _ 26.brush _ 27.key _28. English _29.mouse _30. man _二、汉译英1Tom的足球 _ 2. 老师们的自行车_3学生们的课桌 _ 4.哥哥的文具盒_5姑姑的卡片 _ 6.猴子们的香蕉_7蚂蚁们的早餐 _ 8.妈妈的包_9姐姐的连衣裙_ 10女孩们的苹果_三、将下列句子变成复数形式。1This dog is brown._2. There is a book and a pen on the table._3.That woman is a teacher._4. Is there an orange over there?_5. The bag was on the desk代词一、人称代词1人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词，它的人称、数和格的变化 数人称主格宾格单数第一人称Ime第二人称youyou第三人称hesheithimherit复数第一人称Weus第二人称youyou第三人称theythem主格与宾格：人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语；宾格主要用作宾语。人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。This pen is bad.I cant write with it.这支钢笔不好，我没法用它写字。2.人称代词的排列顺序人称代词并列使用时，通常以下列顺序出现，请熟悉并记忆。1） 单数代词：you and I; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I2） 复数代词：we and they ; we and you ; you and they; we, you and they3） 第三人称单数代词：he and she*人称代词排序口诀：人称代词并列观，注意顺序礼貌见；单数人称二、三、一，复数人称一、二、三；麻烦事情“我”站前，其他人称没意见；两性并用为三单，男先女后是习惯。二、物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 人称类别 第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourhis,her,itstheir名词性mineouryoursyourshis,hers,itstheirs名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词 例，Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣?Its hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat*关于物主代词的口诀：物主代词很重要，译成汉语都有“的”，后面必须加上物，否则就要犯错误，my your his her its our their 不放过。形容词性是基础，除了我的“mine”外，其他词尾“s”性形物代能力差，出门常把名词加；名物代能力强，常来独去又独往。三、反身代词反身代词也叫“自身代词”，表示“*自己”。数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself, herself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesI can do it by myself. 我自己能做这件事。*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀：反身代词有规律，第三人称宾格加，其余开头用物主，复数-ves替-f四、指示代词this (这个)- these (这些) 指近处的事物that (那个)- these (那些) 指远处的事物例，This is a book. 这是本书。 These are some books. 这些是书。 That is a car. 那是辆小汽车。 Those are some cars. 那些是小汽车。代词专项练习一、 根据题意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Mary is a friend of _. ( I )2. This is _ ( she ) ruler. _ ( He ) is in the bag. 3. Her brother is too young to look after _ ( he )4. These pens are _ ( we ).5. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )6. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 7. Is this _ watch? ( you ) No, its not _ . ( I ) 8. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )9. _ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _? ( you ) 10. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 11. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they ) 12. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we ) 13. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _is a nurse. ( she ) 14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they ) 15. Dont touch _. _is not a cat, _ is a tiger! ( it )16. _ sister is ill. Please go and see _. ( she ) 17. The girl behind _ is our friend. ( she )二、填写下列表格。人称代词我我们你你们他她它他们主 格宾 格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词四、改错。第 22 页 共 22 页1.This is mine lamp.2.These are ours books.3. That are their teacher.4.The house is my brother. 5. He has visited many country.6. They are Chineses. 7. This is Tom red bike.8. I, you and he are all teachers.9. This is mine teddy bear. 10. These are ours bags.第二讲 动词1、be动词（ am, is, are, was, were ）1）amwas, is was, are-were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。2）be动词的否定形式：am not（没有缩写形式），are not = arent ，is not = isnt 。2、助动词（ do, does, did ）do, does用于一般现在时，其过去式did用于一般过去时。它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。它们的否定形式：do not = dont, does not = doesnt, did not = didnt。注意：在一般现在时中，does用于第三人称单数，其余一律用助动词do；助动词do, does, did后面一定要用动词原形。3、情态动词情态动词可以和实义动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、might 、must。注意：情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响）其否定形式：can not = cant, must not = mustnt, 注意：may not和shall not（无缩写形式）4、实义动词实义动词的四种形式：原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词（也叫动名词）+ing、过去式+ed。1）动词第三人称单数变化规则：A、一般直接加“s”，如：play plays, visit visits, speak speaks ；B、以“s”，“x”，“sh”，“ch”结尾时，加“es”，如：catch catches, watch watches ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“es”，如：carry carries, study studies 。2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则：A、一般直接加“ing”，如：go going, do doing, look looking ；B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词，去“e” 加“ing”，如：take taking, make making, have having ；C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加“ing”，如：put putting, stop stopping, get getting, swim swimming, sit sitting, begin beginning。3）过去式构成规则：A、一般直接加“ed”，如：plant planted, visit visited, pick picked ；B、以不发音字母“e”结尾，直接加“ed”，如：like liked, hope hoped, taste tasted ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变“y”为“i”再加“ed”，如：try tried, carry carried, study studied ；D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”，如：stop stopped ；E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，请记忆：成为-become-became-becoming； 开始-begin-began-beginning；吹-blow-blew-blowing； 买-buy-bought-buying；能-can-could；捕捉-catch-caught-catching；选择-choose-chose-choosing；来-come-came-coming；切-cut-cut-cutting；画-draw-drew-drawing； 饮-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating； 感觉-feel-felt-feeling；发现-find-found-finding；飞-fly-flew-flying；忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting；得到-get-got-getting；给-give-gave-giving；走-go-went-going；成长-grow-grew-growing；有-have, has-had-having；听-hear-heard-hearing；受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing；学习-learn-learned, learnt-learning；允许，让-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying；制造-make-made-making；可以-may-might；意味-mean-meant-meaning；会见 -meet-met-meeting；必须-must-must；放置-put-put-putting；读-read-read-reading；骑、乘-ride-rode-riding；响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；说-say-said-saying；看见-see-saw-seeing；将-shall-should；唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping；说-speak-spoke-speaking；度过-spend-spent-spending 动词专项练习1、 用be动词的适当形式填空1）I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2）The girl_ Jacks sister. 3）The dog _ tall and fat. 4）The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5）_ your brother in the classroom? 6）How _ your father? 7）Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 8）Whose dress _ this? 9）Whose socks _ they? 10）Who _ I? 11）The jeans _ on the desk. 12）Here _ a scarf for you. 13）Here _ some sweaters for you. 14）The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 15）This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 16）The two cups of milk _ for me. 17）Some tea _ in the glass. 18）Gao shans shirt _ over there. 19）My sisters name _Nancy.20）_ David and Helen from England? 21）There _ a girl in the room. 22）There _ some apples on the tree. 23）_ there any apple juice in the bottle? 24）There _ some bread on the plate. 25）You, he and I _ from China.26）There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 2、用适当的助动词填空。1) _you like this magazine? 2) The girl_like bread for breakfast.3) -What_ she_ at the weekends? -She usually plays games with her friends.4) -Wha_ you do last Sunday? -I wrote to my friend.5) -Did you see a Beijing opera? -No, I_.6) He_not visit a farm last National Day holiday. 7) They_ not like playing volleyball.8) -_Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday? -Yes, he .9)_Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day?10) -How many kites_we have? -We have ten.3、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drinkgostay make look havepasscarry come watchplant flystudy brush do teach take see4、写出下列动词的现在分词。put give flyget dance sitrun plant takeswim askstoptakewritehavesmoke think want tell5、写出下列动词的过去式。isam fly plantare drink play go make doesdance worry asktasteeatdraw put throw kickpass do4、用动词的适当形式填空。（1）I _to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _to school with me. Yesterday we _to school together. We like _to school very much. ( go )（2）They usually _lunch at home. But last week, they _lunch at school. ( have )（3）That_my English book. It _new. But now it _not here. It _there a moment ago. ( be )（4）My sister likes _very much. She often _at our school festival. Last term, she _a lot of songs in the school hall. She _beautifully. ( sing )（5）What _ he usually _on Sunday? He usually _his homework. Look! He _his homework now. _he _his homework last Sunday?Yes, he_. ( do )（6）Do people usually_ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, they do. Did you _moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, I did. I _a lot of delicious moon cakes. ( eat )5、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1) People would like_( go ) to farms in the countryside.2) Its time_ ( have ) lunch3) I want_ ( buy ) some presents for my friends. 4) The thief began_ ( run ). 5) Please shouw me how_ ( go ) to the shopping centre. 6) Would you like_ ( join ) us?7) Dont forget_ ( write ) “Happy New Year”. 8) She was very glad_ ( see ) them.9) Please remember_ ( close ) the windows before you go home.10) Im sorry_ ( hear ) that. 11)_( swim ) is not as fast as running. 12) Its sunny today. Lets go_ ( fish ).13) Do you like_ ( read ) English in the morning? 14) Are you good at_ ( dance )?15) Where is the_ ( shop ) centre? 16) Would you like to go_ ( jog ) with me?17) My hobby is_ ( play ) football. 18) Su Hai likes_ ( watch ) cartoons on Sundays.6、选择扩号内动词的适当形式填空。1) Im sorry_ ( hearing, to hear ) that. 2) Jim is good at_ ( swimming, to swim ).3) Shall we go_ ( skating, to skate )? 4) Today, my work is_ ( looking, to look ) after the baby.5) Im going_ ( flying, to fly ) a kite in the playground.6) I like_ ( playing, to play ) basketball after school.7) Would you like_ ( going, to go ) to the Great Wall?8) Jim is asking Liu Tao how_ ( getting, to get ) to the History Museum. 第三讲 一般现在时、现在进行时、过去式、一般将来时1、一般现在时1）当谓语是be动词时，构成为：主语+be动词( am, is, are )+其他。如：I am a student.2）当谓语是实义动词时，构成有两种： a. 主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他。如：We often watch TV at the weekends. b. 主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数形式+其他。如：Jim usually goes to the park on Sundays.3) 句型变换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答They watch TV at six everyday.They dont watch TV at six everyday.-Do they watch TV at six everyday. -Yes, they do. / No, they dont.She watches TV at six everyday.She doesnt watch TV at six everyday.-Does she watch TV at six everyday.-Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.2、 现在进行时A、构成形式：主语+be动词+动词的ing形式+其他。B、判断依据：句中往往有now、look、listen等词。注意：千万不要忘了一定得有be动词。C、句型变换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答Look, he is doing his homework now.Look, he isnt doing his homework now.-Is he doing his home work now?-Yes, he is./ No, he isnt.The girls are singing a song at the moment.The girl arent singing a song at the moment.-Are the girls singing a song?-Yes, they are./ No, they arent.3、一般过去时1) 构成形式：主语+动词的过去式+其他。注意：没有be动词的否定句和疑问句中，用didnt否定和用did提问后，动词一定要用原形。2) 判断依据：（1）be动词是was、were；（2）动词加ed；（3）有表示过去的时间状语，现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有：just now，a moment，yesterday，last week，last night，last weekend，last year，last month，three days ago，two weeks ago，five years ago3) 句型变换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答I was a teacher five years ago.I wasnt a teacher five years ago.-Were you a teacher five years ago?-Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt.They played many games yesterday.They didnt play many games yesterday.Did they play many games yesterday?Yes, they did. / No, they didnt.3、 一般将来时1) 构成形式：a. 主语+be going to+动词原形+其他。b. 主语+will+动词原形+其他。2) 判断依据：一个句子中既有be动词，又有going、to和动词，且动词用的是原形，句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等词。3) 句型变换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答She is going to have a picnic tomorrow.She isnt going to have a picnic tomorrow.-Is she going to have a picnic tomorrow?-Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.They are going to visit their grandparents next Sunday.They arent going to visit their grandparents next Sunday.-Are they going to visit their grand parents next Sunday? -Yes, they are. / No, they arent.时态专项练习1、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词。 1）我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I_ have a picnic with my friends. 2）下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 -What_ _ _ _ _next Monday? -I_ _ _ play basketball. -What _ you do next Monday? -I_ play basketball. 3）你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 -_ your mother_ _ go shopping this_ ? -Yes, she_ . She_ buy some fruit. 4.）你们打算什么时候见面？What time_ you _ _ meet? 5）杨玲正在问高山一些关于公共标志的问题。 Yang Ling is_ Gao Shan some_ about_ _. 6）David最喜爱的科目是英语。_ Favourite subject_ _.8）谁跑得快，男孩还是女孩？Who_ _, the boys or the girls?9）我父亲每天起床都很早，锻炼身体。My father_ up_ and_ some exercise every day.10）昨天我们想去参观博物馆，可不认识去的路。我们就问了一个警察，他告诉了我们路线。 We_ to_the museum, but we_ know_ _ _ there. We_ a policeman, and he told_ the way.2、按要求改写句子。 1）Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定句） Nancy_ going to go camping. 2）Ill go and join them.（改否定句）I_ go_ join them. 3）Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 4）We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30?6) Tom likes playing basketball with his friends. （改成否定句） Tom_ _ playing basketball with his friends.7) Davids parents often take a walk after supper. （改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答） -_Davids parents often_ a walk after supper? - No,_ _.9) She is always a good student. （改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答） -_ _ always a_ student? -_ ,_ _ .10) Simon and Daniel like going skating. （改为否定句） Simon and Daniel_ _ going_.11) My father came to the shop just now.（改为否定句）My father_ _ to the shop just now.12) I watched TV last night.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答） -_you_ TV last_? -_ ,_ _.14) They were on the farm last Saturday.（改为否定句）They_ on the farm last Saturday.15) David and Liu Tao did their homework together a moment ago.（改为一般疑问句） _ David and Liu Tao_ _ homework together_.3、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1) He often_( have ) dinner at home. 2) Daniel and Tommy_ ( be ) in Class One. 3) We_ ( not watch ) TV on Monday. 4) Nick_ ( not go ) to the zoo on Sunday.5) _they_ ( like ) the World Cup? 6) There_( be ) some water in the bottle. 7) _your parents_( read )