初中形容词副词专题.docx

形容词知识点总结：一 定义:形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特征或性质的，译为“的”。二 用法：1） 做定语：This is an old house.2） 做表语：I am sorry to hear that.3） 做宾补：She made her mother angry.4） 位置：做定语修饰名词，放在名词前面，如：a beautiful girl. 修饰不定代词（something, anything, nothing, everything）等，放在不定代词之后，如：something important.5） The+adj 代表一类人或事物，指人做主语时为复数，指物做主语时为单数。如：The old are well looked after. The unknown has to be explored.6） Enough 跟名词连用放在名词后面，enough rice。跟形容词连用放在adj后面，old enough.7） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 8） 有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep, alive, awake, well, ashamed, worth, alike等。(可以接形容词作表语的系动词有become, get, go, feel, look, seem, appear, sound, smell, taste, turn, grow, remain, stay, keep)The old man is alone.9） Open做形容词时意思是“开着的”The door is open.副词知识点总结：一. 定义: 副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。 二. 副词的位置 : 1）多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。 He runs slowly. 2）频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前。如：He is seldom ill. 他很少生病。 You must always remember this.3) 时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。They went to the park yesterday morning.I heard him sing English songs over there.方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。 He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。 4) 同时存在时间状语和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。如：The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.5)有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time.Open your mouth wide.三. 兼有两种形式的副词 1） close与closely close意思是靠近地；closely 意思是紧密地。例如： He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。 Watch him closely. 盯着他。 2） late 与lately late意思是晚，迟；lately 意思是最近。例如： You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗？ 3） deep与deeply deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地。例如： He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。 Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。 4） high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。例如： The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。 5） wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在许多地方。例如： He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。 6） free与freely free的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地。例如： You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候，我这饭铺免费对你开放。形容词副词的比较级和最高级形容词、副词有三个等级，分别为原级、比较级、最高级。一. 形容词、副词比较等级的构成。（1）规则变化： 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-estlongtall longertaller longest tallest以字母-e结尾的词，加-r或-stlargenice larger nicer largest nicest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i，再加-er或-estbusyheavyfunnyearly busier heavier funnier earlier busiest heaviest funniest earliest重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母结尾时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-estbighotfat bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest多音节和部分双音节词在原级前加more或mostusefulbeautifulquicklyslowly more usefulmore beautifulmore quicklymore slowlymost usefulmost beautifulmost quicklymost slowly（2）.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/illworseworstlittlelessleastoldolder/elderoldest/ eldestfarfarther/ furtherfarthest/furthest二形容词副词比较级用法 用于两个人或事物的比较，比较级前可用much修饰，常用结构有：1). A + be +比较级 + than + B 意思为“A比B更”。eg:这棵树比那棵树高（得多）。This tree is (much) taller than that one. 2). 比较级 + and + 比较级 表示“越来越”eg: 天气变得越来越冷Its getting colder and colder. 3). more and more +原级 越来越eg: 广州正变得越来越漂亮。Guangzhou is becoming more and more beautiful4). the +比较级，the+比较级 越，就越eg: 越多，越好 The more， the better三形容词副词最高级用法用于两个以上的人和物比较，形容词最高级前加the，副词最高级前可省略the. 后多用of/in/among+范围，常用结构有：1). the +最高级+in/of/among+范围eg：他在我们班里是最高的。He is the tallest in our class. 2). One of+the+最高级+名词复数 “最的之一”eg: 广州是最受欢迎的城市之一。Guangzhou is one of the most popular cities in China.四. 同级比较1). A+be +as +adj/adv原级+as +B A与B一样/相同Eg: Jack is as tall as his brother. 2). A+be + not +as/so+adj/adv原级 +as +B A与B不一样/相同 Eg: This book is not as/so interesting as that one. 练习巩固：英语中考考纲基础知识练习（形容词和副词）选择填空：1.Peter looked _ when he learned that he hadnt passed the final exam.A, sadly B, sad C, happily D, happy2.Jack did badly at the school sports meeting. I did even _. A, worse B, worst C, more bad D, more badly3.Billy, is your mother cooking meat in the kitchen? It smells so _!A, well B, badly C, nice D, pretty4.The car stopped so _ that the bus behind almost ran into it.A, closely B, immediately C, suddenly D, soon5.We must finish cleaning the office _.A, as soon as possible B, as quickly as soon C, as possible as soon D, as soon as possibly6.What she said this time sounds _.A, pleasantly B, nicely C, friendly D, truly7.I didnt work _ my brother when I was young.A, as hard as B, harder C, hardest D, hardly8.Im going to move _. Its too noisy in our neighbourhood.A, somewhere quiet B, quiet somewhere C, anywhere D, quiet anywhere9.Last year, 15 typhoons (台风) hit China and Khanun was _.A, strong B, strongest C, stronger D, the strongest10.Its a good habit to keep the classroom _ all the time.A, cleanly B, clearly C, clear D, clean11.When class was over, our maths teacher came into the classroom and said, “Please stay at your seat. I have got _ to announce.”A, nothing important B, important something C, important nothing D, something important12.In the exam, the _ you are, the _ mistakes youll make.A, less careful, fewer B, more careful, less C, less careful, few D, more careful, fewer13.What is _ joke you have ever heard?A, more funny B, the more funny C, the most funny D, the funniest14.This kind of material feels _ silk.A, differently from B, the same to C, different as D, different from15.A recent survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were _ among the five Olympic mascots (吉祥物).A, popular B, more popular C, most popular D, the most popular16.A: Is there _ in todays newspaper? B: Yes. Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.A, nothing new B, anything new C, new nothing D, new anything17.Visitors in the orchard can eat as _ fruit as they want.A, many B, more C, much D, most18.All of us were very _ when we heard the _ news.A, excited, exciting B, excited, excited C, exciting, exciting D, exciting, excited19.Eddie, my best frind _ Ben.A, is as high as B, works as careful as C, doesnt sing as beautifully as D, writes more better than20.Tom never does his homework _ Alice. So he makes more mistakes. A, as carefully as B, so careful as C, less carefully than D, more careful than21.Water pollution is one of _ in our country.A, serious problem B, the more serious problemsC, most serious problems D, the most serious problems22.The pizza was too small, so she decided to look for _ to eat.A, large something B, something else C, something other D, other something23.We are too tired and hungry. So our steps are getting _.A, slow and slower B, slower and slowest C, slower and slower D, more and more slowly24.Most children in our kindergarten like to play with Barbie girls. They look so _.A, nicely B, happily C, beautifully D, lovely25.In winter, Chinese students like to kick the Jianzi (毽子) to keep themselves _.A, warm B, warmly C, cold D, coldly26.In order to