中医英语复习整理.doc

中医英语复习整理 八页Unit 1 1.整体医学1Holistic medicine 2.整体观念Holistic concept or Holism 3.诊断与保健体系a system of diagnosis and health-care approachesn 4.一套非常成熟的治疗及保健方法nA highly sophisticated set of practices designed to cure illness and to maintain health and wellbeingn 5.草药Herbal remedies 6.阴阳平衡： balance of yin and yang; Yin-yang balance; balance between yin and yang7.阴平阳秘：Yin is even (steady) and yang is sound (firm). 8.阴阳失调：disharmony of yin and yang; imbalance of yin and yang 9.阴阳调和：Harmony of yin and yang10.调和肝胃：Harmonizing the liver and stomach11.中医学Chinese Medicine12针灸Acupuncture13.血汗同源The blood and sweat share the same source.14.中医师Practitioner of Chinese Medicine15.症状和体征Symptoms and (physical) signs16.为每一个体重建和谐与平衡To reestablish harmony and equilibrium for each individual17.宇宙中的万物都是相互依赖、相互作用的Everything in the universe is interdependent and interactive18.将细小的针插入身体的不同穴位The insertion of fine needles into a variety of points in the body19.中医理论nChinese medical theory20.中医基础理论The fundamental (basic) theories of Chinese medicine21.中医理论体系The theoretical system of Chinese medicine22.神经系统The nervous system23.内分泌系统The endocrine system24.内分泌失调The endocrine disorder25.肺炎的病因Pathological cause of pneumonia26.风、寒、暑、湿、躁、火Wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, and fire风邪Wind evil, pathogenic wind27.肝风上头nThe liver wind going to the head28.病原体Agent of disease29.精确的诊断Precise diagnosis30.失调的证Pattern of disharmony31.临床研究Clinical study32.使证恢复平衡，使个体恢复协调To bring the configuration into balance, to restore harmony to the individual33.诊断六名胃痛患者患有消化道溃疡病To diagnose six patients with stomach pain as having peptic ulcer disease 34.所有患者患有相同疾病。nAll the patients suffer from the same disorder.中医英语复习整理35.腹痛拒按，冷敷则减。The abdominal pain increases at touch (by palpation) but diminishes with the application of cold compresses.36.体质强壮Robust constitution37.面赤Reddish complexion38.患者便秘、小便黄赤The patient is constipated and has dark yellow urine.39.舌苔黄腻A greasy yellow tongue coating40.脉弦而有力Wiry and full pulse41.湿热困脾Damp-heat affecting the spleen UNIT TWO1.阴阳学说The Theory of Yin and Yang; The Yin-Yang theory; The Yin-Yang Doctrine阴阳对立Opposition of yin and yang阴阳制约restriction of yin and yang阴阳互根Interdependence of Yin and YangYin and yang depend on/upon each other阴阳消长Waxing and waning of yin and yang阴阳转化Inter-transformation of yin and yang阴阳调和Harmony of yin and yang阴阳平衡balance of yin and yang阴阳失调disharmony of yin and yang; imbalance of yin and yang2.天气轻清，故属阳；地气重浊，故属阴。The celestial qi is light and lucid, thus pertaining to yang; while terrestrial qi is heavy and turbid, therefore pertaining to yin.3.阳化气，阴成形 Yang transforms into qi while yin shapes into configuration. Yang gives rise to activity, and yin makes the configuration.4.阴阳离绝，精气乃竭。The separation of yin and yang will result in the exhaustion of essence. If ones yin and yang fail to communicate, his essential qi will be exhausted.5.阴在内，阳之守也；阳在外，阴之使也。 Yin is in the inner body and protects yang; yang is in the outer body and moves yin.The interdependence of yin and yang is reflected in all things in the universe and cannot be separated.6.阴中有阴，阳中有阳。平旦至日中，天之阳，阳中之阳也；日中至黄昬，天之阳，阳中之阴也；合夜至鸡鸣，天之阴，阴中之阴也；鸡鸣至平旦，天之阴，阴中之阳也。In yin is yin; in yang is yang.From down to noon, this is the yang of heaven;it is the yang in the yang.From noon to dusk, this is the yang of heaven;it is the yin in the yang.From the early evening to the crowing of the cocks, this is the yin of heaven; it is the yin in the yin.中医英语复习整理From the crowing of the cocks to dawn, this is the yin of heaven;it is the yang in the yin.7.夫言人之阴阳，则外为阳，内为阴；言人身之阴阳，则背为阳，腹为阴；言人身之藏府中阴阳，则藏者为阴，府者为阳，肝、心、脾、肺、肾五藏皆为阴，胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦六府皆为阳。 As to the yin and yang of the human body, the outer part is yang and the inner part is yin. As to the trunk, the back is yang and the abdomen is yin. As to the organs, the zang organs are yin whereas the fu organs are yang. The liver, heart, spleen, lung, and kidney (as opposed to lungs and kidneys, here regarded as single functional entities) are yin; the gallbladder, stomach, intestines, bladder, and triple burner (triple energizer) are yang. 8.阴阳者，数之可十，推之可百，数之可千，推之可万，万之大不可胜数，然其要一也Yin and yang can be divided down to ten, and then further down to one hundred, to a thousand, to ten thousand, and to a number so great as defies calculations; yet in essence all these are but one9.阴胜则寒，阳胜则热。when yin prevails there is cold, when yang prevails there is heat.10.阳虚则寒，阴虚则热。when yang is deficient there is cold, when yin is deficient there is heat.UNIT FOUR 1.脏腑： a collective term for all the internal organs or viscera. 藏/脏：solid organs, viscera/depots (a storehouse for goods )/zang organsyin organs府/腑：hollow organs, bowels (the intestines), palaces, fu organs, yang organs五脏：five viscera, five zang organs, the yin organsHeart, liver, spleen, lung(s), kidney(s), (pericardium)六腑：six bowels, six fu organs, the yang organsGallbladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, (urinary) bladder, triple energizer /triple burner:upper energizer/burner,middle energizer/burner,lower energizer/burner 奇恒之腑 traordinary fu organsBrain, marrow, bone, vessel, gallbladder, uterus脑、髓、骨、脉、胆、女子胞2.肝：肝主疏泄The liver governs free coursing (flowing rapidly). (spreading and dispersing, maintaining smooth flow of qi.) 肝藏血。肝藏血是指肝有贮存血液和调节血量的作用。The liver stores blood.The liver is capable of retaining blood and regulating the amount of blood in the body.肝主筋。 爪为筋之余。肝，其华在爪。肝开窍于目中医英语复习整理The liver governs the sinews.The nails are the surplus of the sinews. Its bloom (brilliance) is the nails.The liver opens at the eyes.胆汁的化生和排泄，由肝的疏泄功能控制和调节。Emotional disturbance总结：肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄和主藏血。肝开窍于目，主筋，其华在爪。在志为怒，在液为泪。肝与胆通过经脉的络属关系而为表里。Through the homing and netting connections between the channels of the two organs 。3.心心主血脉。The heart governs the blood and (blood ) vessels.心藏神。心开窍于舌。The heart stores the spirit.The heart opens into the tongue心，其华在面。The Hearts brilliance manifests in the face.The hearts bloom is in the face.The heart has its outward manifestations on the face. 心与小肠相表里。The heart stands in interior-exterior relationship with the small intestine. (be coupled with, be interiorly-exteriorly related to)总结：心主血脉，主神志。在志为喜，在液为汗，在体合脉、其华在面，在窍为舌。心与小肠相表里。(n在体合脉：全身的血脉都属于心。Be subordinate to) The Pericardium心包摸3.脾：脾主运化水谷，输布精微。The spleen governs movement （transportation) and transformation of grain and water and distribution of its essence.脾统血。The spleen manages the blood.脾主肌肉和四肢，开窍于口。The spleen governs the flesh and limbs, and opens into the mouth.脾胃为气血生化之源，后天之本。The spleen and stomach are source of formation of qi and blood, and are regarded as the foundation of postnatal (prenatal) existence. 胃主受纳和腐熟水谷。The stomach governs intake and decomposition （digestion ) of grain and water.水谷精微Essence of water and grain脾与胃相为表里。The spleen and stomach stand in interior-exterior relationship.4.肺肺主气，司呼吸，主宣发肃降，通调水道 。中医英语复习整理The lung governs qi, performs respiration, governs disseminating, cleansing and descending, and regulates the waterways.肺主皮毛。肺合皮毛。肺主一身之表。The lung governs the skin and body hair.The lung is interrelated with the skin and body hair.The lung is in charge of the body surface. The brilliance of the Lungs manifests in the body hair.肺开窍于鼻。肺 与大肠相表里。The lung opens at the nose.The lung stands in interior-exterior relationship with the large intestine总结：肺的主要生理功能是：主气、司呼吸，主宣发肃降，通调水道，朝百脉而主治节，以辅佐心脏调节气血的运行。The lung faces all the blood vessels. (All the blood must pass through the lung.)Govern, administrate; regulate 小肠主泌别清浊；大肠主传化糟粕。The small intestine governs separation of the clear and the turbid; the large intestine governs transformation and conveyance of waste.5.肾：肾藏精，主生长、发育和生殖。The kidney stores essence (or essential qi), and is responsible for growth, development, and reproduction. （maturation)肾主骨、生髓。The kidney governs the bones and engenders marrow.肾主水。The kidney governs water.肾开窍于耳和二阴。其华在发。The kidney opens into the ears and the two yin? and its bloom (brilliance) is in the hair of the head.(the two private parts: the urethra and anus)滋养和濡润Kidney yin (true yin, original yin) has a moistening and nourishing effect on all the organs. 推动和温煦Kidney yang (true yang, original yang) warms and activates the other organs. 总结：由于肾藏有“先天之精”，为脏腑阴阳之本，生命之源，故称“肾为先天之本”(nFoundation of prenatal existence)。肾在五行属水。它的主要生理功能为藏精，主生长、发育、生殖和水液代谢；肾主骨生髓，外荣于发，开窍于耳和二阴，在志为恐与惊(Fear and fright)，在液为唾(spittle)。 6.三焦：三焦的主要生理功能，一是通行元气，二为水液运行之道路。The main physiological functions of the t triple burner are to pass through the yuan-primordial* qi and to be the pathways of the flow of water fluid.7.补充：补：supplement 养：nourish (blood)育：foster (yin) 涵：moisten (wood)润：moisten (the lung, the intestine)益：boost (yin, qi)中医英语复习整理壮：invigorate (yang)回：return (yang) 健：fortify升: upbear (yang)滋：enrich 生：engender (liquid)Unit 51.六气：Six qi; six natural factors; six climatic factors六淫；the Six pernicious influences风寒暑湿燥热pathogenic wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness and fire.外感六淫 externally conrraction of the six pernicious influences2.疫疠（疠气）：Pestilence; pestilential qi3.七情seven emotions; seven affects joy, anger, melancholy (sadness, worry), anxiety (pensiveness, contemplation), grief (sorrow), fear, fright七情内伤internal damage due to seven emotions4.饮食Improper diet; imbalanced diet劳倦Physical overstrain内伤脾胃，百病由生。Internal damage of the spleen and stomach will result in the occurrence of various diseases.5.外伤traumatic injuries 6.痰饮、Phlegmfluid 7.瘀血nBlood stasisUNIT 61.五行The five agents一曰木the first is wood,二曰火the second is fire三曰土the third is soil.四曰金the fourth is metal,五曰水the fifth is water,2.木曰曲直Wood is the bending and the straightening.火曰炎上 Fire is the flaming upward土爰稼穑Earth is the sowing and reapingn金曰从革 Metal is the working of change. n水曰润下nWater is the moistening dan descending to low places.3.药的“四气五味”：“四气”：four properties/natures (cold 寒 hot热 warm 温 cool 凉)“无味”：acrid flavor/ bitter / sweet / acrid/ salty例句：人参味甘，性温中医英语复习整理Ginseng is sweet in flavor,warm in property.4.五藏、nFive viscera五味、nFive flavors五色、Five colors五气、nFive kinds of qi五精、nFive kinds of essence五神、nFive spirits五病、五风、五实、五虚、五痹、五诊、五禁、五治、五法、五谷Five diseases/winds/excesses/Deficiencies/kinds of obstructive yndrome/diagnostic methods/contraindications/ treatments/ methods/grains 5.生：promote, generate, engender克： act (on), restrict, restrain乘：overact, over-restrict, over-restrain, subjugate, overwhelm侮：counteract, counter-restrict, counter-restrain, rebelEG: n“心其主肾也”意即“那制约心脏的是肾”。The heart is restrained by the kidneys6.Engendering cycle：Wood Fire Earth Metal Water WoodRestraining cycle：Wood Earth Water Fire Metal WoodOver-restraining or subjugating cycleCounter-restraining cycle7.Wood:生长、生发、条达舒畅Growing, ascending, developing freelyhaving the characteristics of growth, upbearing and effusion 肝喜条达而恶抑郁，故肝属木。The liver prefers to function freely and dislikes depression, so it pertains to wood8.Fire:温热、升腾Warming and risinghaving the quality of heat and upward motion.心阳有温煦之功，故以心属火。The heart yang has the function o