卫浴外贸入门基础知识.doc

卫浴外贸入门基础知识 Sanitary Ware卫浴外贸入门基础知识内容提要：卫浴产品英文名产品部件名称客户开发信展会后感谢信卫生陶瓷名词产品部位术语 缺陷名称术语 功能名称术语 其他术语 模具白瓷生产（简要）流程：陶瓷生产流程卫生陶瓷产品部位术语功能名称术语 (Function)外贸常用卫浴陶瓷陶瓷专业核心词汇卫浴产品英文名 Sanitary Ware Products盆：sink, basin艺术盆：art counter basin (artistic basin)挂盆：wall-hung basin挂式安装：wall-hung installation拖布池：mop tub 洗菜盆：sink 不锈钢盆：Stainless steel sink立柱盆：pedestal basin背靠墙安装：fixing with back to wall柜盆：counter basin台上安装：above counter mounting台下盆：below counter basin 台下安装：fixing below counter台上盆：above counter basin洗脚盆：foot bath卫浴五金：hardware and accessories纸盅：paper holder毛巾架：towel rack圆环毛巾架：towel ring皂盅：soap holder支架：wall brackets（支架都是成对的啦）浴室小挂件：wall-hung accessories for bathroom水龙头：faucet, tap (注：mixer也可作为水龙头的关键词，但是不常用）厨房水龙头：kitchen faucet橱柜水龙头：tub faucet瀑布式水龙头：waterfull faucet自动感应水龙头：Automatic Sensor Faucet水龙头零部件：装饰盖：ornament cover 阀芯：cartridge过滤网：filter netting 阀： valve 手柄: handle 面板:panel 出水管:outlet 本体:ontology花洒：hand shower(带把手)，固定装在墙上的是shower head排水器：trap地漏：floor drainage另外，题外话：消防水龙头-hydrant，跟卫浴没关系-便器：小便斗：urinal 浮雕彩金座便器：decorated bathroom set马桶坐盖：toilet seat cover 坐头：toilet bowl 水箱：tank 水箱配件：tank fitting环保型节水功能：environmental protection & water economy电子隧道窑：computer automatic tunnel kiln直冲式连体坐便器：Wash down one piece closet (toilet)瓷质陶瓷：Vitreous china排污中心离墙（地排，直排）：S-trap排污中心离地（横排）：P-trap(虹吸式)连体坐便器：(Siphonic) one piece closet分体坐便器：separated closet/ two piece toilet妇洗器/净身盆：bidet挂式小便器：wall-hung urinal顶部冲水安装：top flushing installation蹲便盆：squatting pan浴室家具：bathroom furniture橱柜：bathroom vanity（常用）, bathroom cabinet 主柜：Main cabinet 侧柜：Side cabinet玻璃盆带柜子：Glass basin with cabinet浴缸、淋浴房：入地式脚踏板：built-in pedal淋浴屏：shower panel淋浴房：shower room, shower cabin蒸汽房：steam room桑拿房：sauna room浴缸：bathtub按摩浴缸：massage bathtub, whirlpool bathtub (注：很多人会用Jacuzzi这个词来指按摩浴缸，实际上Jacuzzi是一个商标名称，极可意水流按摩浴缸.)涡流按摩浴缸：Whirlpool bathtub， jacuzzi就是一种涡流按摩浴缸。水疗浴缸：Spa bathtub, spas浴缸零部件：bathtub accessories喷嘴：bathtub nozzle/jet浴缸架：Bathtub Caddy （架在浴缸上面，上面可以放置书本、电脑等，如同床上电脑桌）把手：rail抓手：grab bar脚垫：bathmat排水塞：drain stopper浴缸材质：铸铁：cast iron亚克力：acrylic实木：hardwood产品部件名称Steam Cabinet 蒸汽房 2.8 kw steam generator with water-level sensor and over-heat protection touch screen panel with remote control steam temperature and time setting FM with memory CD connection telephone answering and dialing 5 aluminum-alloy nozzles hand-held shower (integrated) head shower foldable transparent seat rectangular downward steam outlet in stainless steel tub with 1 HP pump and 6 big jets stainless steel free-hanging shelf stainless steel extra-long handles stainless steel steam outlets foot massage sauna furnace with stone, barrel with scoop, sandglass, crack-proof light, barothermohydrograph and mixed wood chair top LED lights fan loudspeaker shelf stainless steel steam outlets drainage device alarm chrome-plated thermostatic faucet self-cleaning function of steam generator MP3 with USB connection 6 aluminum-alloy nozzles chrome-plated mixed pop up drainage device and overflow device shelf with towel rack digital panel with remote panel hand-held shower with height-adjustable rob soap holder inter waterfall long mirror outside small side doors inside for easier towels or shampooOptional functions 其他功能选择Removable white or grey seatProfiles: satin silverOzone cleaningWood foot plateTV/AVsteamTop color LED lightsThermostatic faucetSide or back walls: black, frosted, tea or grey glassBack wallsWhirlpool bathtub/ Massage bathtub 按摩缸 water capacity high quality ABS with support stainless steel handle HP water massage pump with creepage protection Air massage pump with creepage protection Big nozzles Hand-held shower High quality acrylic with support and glass bow front Air bath with 8 jets Dark grey pillow high quality ABS with support, glass skirts and wood decoration 5 big nozzles and 2 small nozzles White pillow Color light Blue decoration lights on panel Wood shelf for storage Decoration glass counter top with storage function Integral acrylic seat Ice box Stainless steel rail 6 medium nozzles Built-in outdoor spa for 5 people 2 sets of 2 HP water massage pump with creepage protection Water massage with 26 nozzles of 4 types Air bath with 24 jets Anti-freezing system Inlet waterfall Chrome-plated mixer Manual pipe cleaning Light grey PU pillow Overflow and drainage device touch screen panel FM with memory Integral acrylic seat Water-level sensor Water inlet tap Air bath with 8 jets Dark grey pillow Integral shower cabin with head shower, hand shower with height-adjustable rail, 4 massage jets, foot massage, chrome-plated mixer, mirror and shelf Touch screen panel Optional free-standing faucet Stainless steel handles Artistic support in stainless steel Simple bathtub CD/DVD player TV/AV Digital panel Artistic rail in stainless steel 1.5 HP air massage pump with creepage protection Touch screen with remote control CD connection Inlet waterfall FiltersOptional functions 其他功能选择 color light air massage pump with creepage protection and 8 jets remote control FM with memory CD connection Simple bathtub with acrylic support and water-proof PVC rattan skirt cover Intelligent self cleaning Intelligent water inlet Water-level sensor Ozone cleaning Heater Manual pipe cleaning TV Skirt ladderShower Enclosure 淋浴房 walk-in frame finish: polish silver diamond-shape with hanged door integral glass shelves stainless steel handle copper hinges chrome plated quadrant with sliding doors frame finish: satin silver optional shower tray or artificial marble water block off-set quadrant with sliding doors glass: 6mm clear with shower tray (淋浴盆)and wood foot plate (支柱垫板) small door open inside with black/white artificial marble water block(水堵) rectangular rektjul /square with hinged door quadrant kwdrnt with pivot pivt door diamond shape with hinged door with shower panelShower Panel 淋浴柱 acrylic material hand-held shower massage nozzles chrome-plated mixer control panel with FM integrated head shower with light aluminum and copper material copper, aluminum and stainless steel material hand-held shower with height-adjustable rod stainless steel material in white with slight brush finish stainless steel material in black mirroe effect chrome-plated mixer shelves head shower aluminum and wood material loudspeaker organic glass material safety glass material hanging basket copper, stainless steel and ABS material spout n. 喷口；水龙卷；水落管 stainless steel material in white with slight brush finishOptional其他功能选择 wall or corner assembling thermostatic faucetBathroom Cabinet 浴室柜MirrorCabinetBasinShelfMirror with shelfBoard above cabinetCounterSide cabinetHigher/lower hanging cabinetChairMirror cabinetCeramic basin/toilet 陶瓷产品Wall-hungWash downP-trap/S-trapOne/two-pieceSoft-closing UF seat and coverOuter diameter daimit outletWall-hung bidetChina-made dual flushing system (冲水系统)客户开发信：From: AAATo: BBBSubject: Sanitary Ware FactoryDear MANAGER,Hope you are doing great!We get your name and address from April Canton Fair that you are in the market for sanitary ware products. Wed like to introduce our company and products, hope that we can enter into business relation in the future.We are company specializing in manufacture and export of sanitary ware products for over 20 years. We can supply you with a complete line of sanitary ware products with High Quality, Competitive Prices and Unique Design Style, ranging from steam cabinet, massage bathtub, bathroom cabinet, shower enclosure and various ceramic products.You are also welcome to visit our website at XXX which includes our company profiles, some our latest designs production base etc.Enclosed are some our new products. Should any of these items are interested to you, we are happy to give you details.Best regardsAAAXXXTel:Fax: E-mail: Headquater Add:Postal Code: Web: After service:展会后感谢信标准版本：From: AAATo: BBBSubject: XXX Company GreetingDear CCC,How do you do!Its DDD writing from XXX, FOSHAN CHINA. Thanks a lot for your visit to our stand at Canton Fair. I have enclosed some photos from the fair and hope these pictures will recall XXX in our mind.Attached pls also kindly find a general introduction of XXX including company profile, products, production base, etc. for your better understanding of XXX. For more information, pls visit XXX website: YYYHope you will find something interesting about XXX and we can work on something in the near future.If you have any questions, pls feel free to let me know.With best regards,Best regardsAAAXXXTel:Fax: E-mail: Headquater Add:Postal Code: Web: After service: 另外一个版本：From: AAATo: BBBSubject: XXX Company GreetingDear MANAGE,Hope you are doing great!Its CCC writing from XXX, Co., Ltd. Thanks very much for your visit to our stand at Shanghai Fair. Enclosures are some photos at the fair, and hope these pictures will recall XXX in your mind.Also, attached kindly find a general instruction of XXX introduction, including company profile, products, production base, etc. for your better understanding of XXX. For more information, pls visit XXX website at YYYHope you will find something interesting about XXX and we can work on something in the near future.If you have any questions, pls feel free to let me know.With best regardsBest regardsAAAXXXTel:Fax: E-mail: Headquater Add:Postal Code:Web: After service: 卫生陶瓷名词便器 wc pan用于承纳并冲走人体排泄物的有釉陶瓷质卫生器。按排泄口部位，有下排污和排污之分。 蹲便器 squatting wc pan使用时以人体取蹲式为特点的便器。分为无遮挡和有遮挡；其结构有返水弯和无返水弯两种。坐便器 sitting wc pan使用时以人体取坐式为特点的便器。按冲洗方式分有冲落式、虹吸式、喷射虹吸式、旋涡虹吸式。a) 冲落式坐便器 wash-down wc pan借冲洗水的冲力直接将污物排出的便器。其主要特点是在冲水、排污过程中只形成正压，没有负压。b) 虹吸式坐便器 siphon wc pan主要借冲洗水在排水道所形成的虹吸作用将污物排出的便器。冲洗时正压对排污起配合作用。c) 喷射虹吸式坐便器 siphon jet wc pan在水封下设有喷射道，借喷射水流而加速排污并在一定程度上降低冲水噪音的坐便器（利用水封隔音）。 连体式坐便器 integral sitting wc pan与水箱为一体的坐便器。其冲洗管道有虹吸式，也有冲落式。 旋涡虹吸式连体坐便器 siphon vortex integral sitting wc pan利用冲洗水流形成的旋涡加速污物排出的虹吸式连体坐便器。 壁挂式坐便器 wall-hang sitting wc pan 挂装在墙面上的坐式大便器。冲洗管道有冲落式和虹吸式。 挂箱式坐便器 wall-hang cistern sitting wc pan 水箱挂装在墙面上的坐便器。 水箱 cistern 与便器配套，用以盛装冲洗水的有釉陶瓷质容器。 高水箱 upper cistern与蹲便器配套的无盖水箱，利用高位差产生的水压将污物排走。 低水箱 lower cistern 与坐便器配套的带盖水箱。根据安装方式有挂式、坐式。 小便器 urinal专共男性小便使用的有釉陶瓷质卫生设备。有壁挂式和落地式。壁挂式小便器 wall-hang urinal挂装于墙壁上的小便器。 落地式小便器 stall urinal直立于地面的小便器。 洗面器 wash-basin供洗脸、洗手用的有釉陶瓷质卫生设备。有悬挂式、立柱式和台式。 壁挂式洗面器 hung wash-basin安装于墙面或托架上的洗面器。 立柱式洗面器 pedestal wash-basin下方带有立柱的洗面器。 台式洗面器 vanity wash-basin与台板组合在一起的洗面器。 浴盆 bidet传供洗浴用的有釉陶瓷质卫生设备。 净身器 bidet 带有喷洗的供水系统和排水系统，洗涤人体排泄器官的有釉陶瓷质卫生设备。按洗涤水喷出方式，分直喷式、斜喷式和前后交叉喷洗方式。 洗手盆 hand-rinse basin专供洗手用的小型有釉陶瓷质卫生设备。 洗涤槽 sink承纳厨房、实验室等洗涤用存水湾 trap具有水封功能的有釉陶瓷后排污管道。有S型和P型。 小件卫生陶瓷 sanitary assembly articles。产品部位术语 坯体 body构成制品的陶瓷质主体 釉面 glaze layer 熔融于坯体表面的玻璃质致密层。 正面 front surface砖体铺贴后，可看到的表面。背面 back surface 铺贴时与墙面或地面相连接的表面。 侧面 side surface 与正面和背面相连接的表面。 正面边 front side edge正面与侧面所交接的棱边。 正面角 front side angle相邻两正面边的夹角。 间隔凸缘 spacer lug 侧面突起的用于控制铺贴相邻砖块间的间隔距离的边条（为施工耐特意制造的）。可见面 visual surface设定卫生设备安装后，观察者容易看见的表面。洗净面 washable surface卫生设备使用时，水能溅湿的可见面。 隐蔽面 concealed surface卫生设备可见面以外的表面。 遮挡 fender蹲便器前部高出的部位。 圈 hollow ring 洗面器和便器上部的空心边圈。 排污道 sewage draining spillway 便器内污物排出的通道。 隐蔽溢水道 concealed spillway 卫生器内与溢水孔相连的溢水暗道。 进水口 water inlet 卫生器冲洗水的进入口。 排水口 drainage exit 卫生器的废水排出口。 出水口 water exit 水箱向配套器件供水的出口。 排污口 sewage draining exit 便器的污物排出口。 承口 upward socket存水弯与蹲便器排水口相连的内径扩大的端部。 插口 downward socket 存水弯插入配套件承口内的部位。溢水孔 spillway hole 为控制最高水位而设置的与隐蔽溢水道相连的眼孔。泄水孔 spilled water hole 与隐蔽溢水道和排水口相连、泄出溢流水的孔眼。 安装孔 installing hole 卫生设备上用于固定本身或安装配件的孔眼。 喷射孔 jet hole 在坐便器水封下，喷射道的出水孔。 边缘挡水圈 round water fender卫生设备边缘用于挡水溢用的凸圈。 缺陷名称术语 坯裂 crack on body出现在坯体上的裂纹。 釉裂 crazing 出现在釉层上的微细裂纹。 缺釉 cut glaze, exposed body应施釉部位局部无釉。 缩釉 crawling釉层聚集卷缩致使坯体局部无釉。 釉泡 glaze bubble釉面出现的开口或闭口泡。波纹 waviness ripple釉面呈波浪纹样。 釉缕 excess glaze釉面突起的釉条或釉滴。 桔釉 orange peel釉面似桔皮状，光泽较差。 釉粘 glaze sticking有釉制品在烧成时相互粘接或与窑具粘连而造成的缺陷。 针孔 pinprick釉面出现的针刺状的小孔。 棕眼 pinholes釉面出现的针样小孔眼。斑点 speck制品表面的异色污点。 磕碰 chip , knocking产品因碰击致使边部或角部残缺。 夹层 lamination坯体内部出现层状裂纹或分离。 色差 color difference, tint unevenness 同件或同套产品正面的色泽出现差异。坯粉 body refuse产品正面粘有粉料屑。 落脏 ash contamination 产品正面粘附的异物。 花斑 speck, color spot产品正面呈现的块状异色斑。烟熏 smoke staining, smoked glaze因烟气影响使产品正面呈现灰、褐色或使釉面部分乃至全部失光。 坯泡 blistering of body坯体表面突起的开口或闭口泡。 麻面 dimple产品正面呈现的凹陷小坑。 熔洞 pit, fusion hole易熔物熔融使产品正面形成的孔洞。漏抛 omission from polishing 产品的应抛光部位局部无光。抛痕 polished trace, polished mark 产品的抛光面出现磨具擦划的痕迹。 中心弯曲 center curvature产品正面的中心部位上凸或下凹。 边缘弯曲 edge curvature产品正面的中心部位上凸或下凹。 侧面弯曲 side curvature产品的则面外凸或内凹。 楔形 wedging, taper产品正面平行边的长度不一致。角度偏差 angle deviation产品的角度不符合设计规定的要求。 功能名称术语 冲洗功能 washing function用规定水量将便器内污物排出并将便器冲洗干净以及污水更换的能力。 水封功能 water seal resistance便器内储存一定量水，封闭上下通道的隔臭能力。 抗菌功能 antibacterial陶瓷表面所具有的阻止细菌在表面生长的能力。其他术语 名义尺寸（又名公称尺寸） nominal size用于统称产品规格的尺寸。工作尺寸（又名加工尺寸） work size, manufacturing size按制结果确定的尺寸。 实际尺寸（又名产品尺寸） actual size用计量器具测量得到的尺寸。 模数尺寸 modular sizes模数尺寸包括了尺寸为M、2M、3M和5M以及它们的倍数或分数为基数的砖，不包括表面积小于9000mm2的砖。注：见ISO 1006中M=100mm。非模数尺寸 non-modular sizes不是以模数M为基数的尺寸。注：1 见ISO 1006中M=100mm。2 这些尺寸砖通常应用在大多数国家。 背纹 back side pattern产品背面凸起或凹陷的图纹。连体坐便器：ONE PIECE TOILET 台上盆：VANITY TOP 蹲便器：SQUAT PAN 水龙头:FAUCET 台上盆：ABOVE COUNTER BASIN 直冲式分体座便器: washdown close-couched closet 直落式连体座便器: washdown one-piece closet虹吸式连体座便器: siphonic one-piece closet 立柱盆: pedestal basin(fixing to wall with back 背靠墙式装) 台面盆：above counter basin(countertop mounting台面安装) 蹲便器: squatting pan w.c. 挂式小便器:wall-hung urinal 拖布盆: mop tub 妇洗器: bidet 直冲式冲水系统：gravity-fed flushing system 顶部冲水安装：top flushing installation 地排污：S-trap 横排污：P-trap模具模型 model主模 master mould, block mould母模 case mould工作模 working mould阳模 male mould阴模 female mould模具 mould, die白瓷生产（简要）流程：1.制胎-mother mould2.开模具-making the son mould3.干燥-drying4.制坯-shape forming5.干燥-drying6.上釉-make glazing7.烧成-glazing firing8.成瓷-white body陶瓷生产流程以下以贴花和手绘，分别介绍釉上彩和釉下彩的工艺流程：第一种；Decaled Dinnerware1.Milling 练泥Various raw materials including feldspar, silica, clay and pottery stone are mixed and fine-milled in the ball mill.2.Filter press & Vacuum extrusion 摞泥The clay body is made by filter-pressing the slip. The pressed body de-aired and extruded to the required size through the pug mill.3.Green Making 制坯Using appropriated roller head and plaster mould, green body is formed. For the irregular shapes such as teapots and figurines, slip casting is used. In casting, liquid clay (slip) is poured into plaster moulds and the green shape forms on the mould as the water is absorbed through the plaster mould.4.Finishing 修坯The rough edges and foot of the green ware are cleaned with wet sponge by automatic edge-cleaning machine or by skilled hand5.Glazing 上釉To seal the surface of the biscuit body and to give the product its glossy finish, glaze is applied using automatic glaze spraying line.6.Glost firing 烧釉Carefully loading the glazed ware onto a kiln car, the glazed ware is fired at 1280 C. At the temperature, the glaze powder melts and turns into a transparent glass layer covering the biscuit body. The glost-fired ware is inspected and ready for the decoration.7.Lithography 贴花The printed decal is transferred onto the glost ware and dried.8.Decoration firing 二次烧结The decal and the ware are fired at appropriated temperatures and the printed patterns permanently fuse onto the glaze layer to give permanent durable decoration.9.Inspeciton & Packaging 修整 成箱Experienced eyes in the inspection area checks for possible faults in the ware and the finished ware is packaged as necessary第二种：Handpainted Dinnerware1.Milling 练泥Various raw materials including feldspar, silica, clay and pottery stone are mixed and fine-milled in the ball mill.2.Filter press & Vacuum extrusion 摞泥The clay body is made by filter-pressing the slip. The pressed body de-aired and extruded to the required size through the pug mill.3.Green Making 制坯Using appropriated roller head and plaster mould, green body is formed. For the irregular shapes such as teapots and figurines, slip casting is used. In casting, liquid clay (slip) is poured into plaster moulds and the green shape forms on the mould as the water is absorbed through the plaster mould.4.Finishing 修坯The rough edges and foot of the green ware are cleaned with wet sponge by automatic edge-cleaning machine or by skilled hand5.Handpainting 手绘The picture is drawn or painted by hands,then dried.6.Glazing 上釉To seal the surface of the biscuit body and to give the product its glossy finish, glaze is applied using automatic glaze spraying line.7.Glost firing 烧釉Carefully loading the glazed ware onto a kiln car, the glazed ware is fired once again at 1280 C. At the temperature, the glaze powder melts and turns into a transparent glass layer covering the biscuit body. The glost-fired ware is inspected and ready for the decoration.8.Inspeciton & Packaging