【IEC标准】IEC 60050-121-1998

NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 60050-121 Deuxime dition Second edition 1998-08 Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International Partie 121 : Electromagntisme International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 121: Electromagnetism Numro de rfrence Reference number CEI/IEC 60050-121: 1998 Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- NORME INTERNATIONALE CEI IEC INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 60050-121 Deuxime dition Second edition 1998-08 Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International Partie 121 : Electromagntisme International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Part 121: Electromagnetism Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur For price, see current catalogue IEC 1998 Droits de reproduction rservs Copyright - all rights reserved Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique, y compris la photo- copie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de lditeur. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission3, rue de Varemb Geneva, Switzerland Telefax: +41 22 919 0300e-mail: inmailiec.ch IEC web site http: /www.iec.ch CODE PRIX PRICE CODEXC Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- II 60050-121 CEI:1998 SOMMAIRE Pages AVANT-PROPOS.IV Section 121-11Notions et grandeurs lectromagntiques.1 121-12Proprits lectromagntiques des matriaux.48 121-13Conduction lectrique.97 LISTE DES SYMBOLES.108 INDEXen franais, anglais, arabe, allemand, espagnol, japonais, polonais, portugais et sudois .109 Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 60050-121 IEC:1998 III CONTENTS Page FOREWORD.V Section 121-11Electromagnetic concepts and quantities.1 121-12Electromagnetic properties of materials.48 121-13Electric conduction.97 LIST OF SYMBOLS.108 INDEXin French, English, Arabic, German, Spanish, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese and Swedish .109 Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IV 60050-121 CEI:1998 COMMISSION LECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE VOCABULAIRE LECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONAL PARTIE 121 : LECTROMAGNTISME AVANT-PROPOS 1)La CEI (Commission Electrotechnique Internationale) est une organisation mondiale de normalisation compose de lensemble des comits lectrotechniques nationaux (Comits nationaux de la CEI). La CEI a pour objet de favoriser la coopration internationale pour toutes les questions de normalisation dans les domaines de llectricit et de llectronique. A cet effet, la CEI, entre autres activits, publie des Normes internationales. Leur laboration est confie des comits dtudes, aux travaux desquels tout Comit national intress par le sujet trait peut participer. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec la CEI, participent galement aux travaux. La CEI collabore troitement avec lOrganisation Internationale de Normalisation (ISO), selon des conditions fixes par accord entre les deux organisations. 2)Les dcisions ou accords officiels de la CEI concernant les questions techniques reprsentent, dans la mesure du possible un accord international sur les sujets tudis, tant donn que les Comits nationaux intresss sont reprsents dans chaque comit dtudes. 3)Les documents produits se prsentent sous la forme de recommandations internationales. Ils sont publis comme normes, rapports techniques ou guides et agrs comme tels par les Comits nationaux. 4)Dans le but dencourager lunification internationale, les Comits nationaux de la CEI sengagent appliquer de faon transparente, dans toute la mesure possible, les Normes internationales de la CEI dans leurs normes nationales et rgionales. Toute divergence entre la norme de la CEI et la norme nationale ou rgionale correspondante doit tre indique en termes clairs dans cette dernire. 5)La CEI na fix aucune procdure concernant le marquage comme indication dapprobation et sa responsabilit nest pas engage quand un matriel est dclar conforme lune de ses normes. 6)Lattention est attire sur le fait que certains des lments de la prsente Norme internationale peuvent faire lobjet de droits de proprit intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. La CEI ne saurait tre tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifi de tels droits de proprit et de ne pas avoir signal leur existence. La prsente Norme internationale a t tablie par le GT 100 du comit dtudes 1 : Terminolgie. Cette deuxime dition annule et remplace la premire dition parue en 1978. Le texte de cette norme est issu des documents suivants : FDISRapport de vote 1/1653/FDIS1/1663/RVD Le rapport de vote indiqu dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant abouti lapprobation de cette norme. Dans la prsente partie du VEI les termes et dfinitions sont donns en deux langues, le franais et langlais : de plus, les termes sont indiqus en arabe (ar), allemand (de), espagnol (es), italien (it), japonais (ja), polonais (pl), portugais (pt) et sudois (sv). Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 60050-121 IEC:1998 V INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL VOCABULARY PART 121: ELECTROMAGNETISM FOREWORD 1)The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2)The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested National Committees. 3)The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. 4)In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5)The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards. 6)Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This International Standard has been prepared by WG 100 of IEC technical committee 1: Terminology. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1978. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDISReport on voting 1/1653/FDIS1/1663/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. In this IEV part, the terms and definitions are written in two languages: French and English, and furthermore, the terms in Arabic (ar), German (de), Spanish (es), Italian (it), Japanese (ja), Polish (pl), Portuguese (pt) and Swedish (sv) respectively are indicated. Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 60050-121 IEC:1998 1 SECTION 121-11 : NOTIONS ET GRANDEURS LECTROMAGNTIQUES SECTION 121-11: ELECTROMAGNETIC CONCEPTS AND QUANTITIES 121-11-01charge lectrique, f (symbole : Q) quantit dlectricit (terme dsuet) grandeur scalaire additive, associe aux particules lmentaires et la matire macroscopique, qui caractrise leurs interactions lectromagntiques 111-13-43 NOTE 1 La charge lectrique est soumise une loi de conservation. NOTE 2 Les charges lectriques obissent la loi de Coulomb. electric charge (symbol: Q) quantity of electricity (obsolete) additive scalar quantity, associated with elementary particles and with macroscopic matter that characterizes their electromagnetic interactions 111-13-43 NOTE 1 Electric charge is subject to a conservation law. NOTE 2 Electric charges obey the Coulomb law. ar; deelektrische Ladung escarga elctrica (smbolo: Q); cantidad de electricidad (en desuso) itcarica elettrica; quantit di elettricit (termine obsoleto) ja pl?adunek elektryczny ptcarga elctrica; quantidade de electricidade (obsoleto) sv(elektrisk) laddning Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 60050-121 CEI:1998 121-11-02loi de Coulomb, f loi donnant la force entre deux particules charges, exprime par la relation F r e 12 12 2 2112 2 21 =k Q Q rr k Q Q r o F12 est la force exerce sur la particule de charge lectrique Q1 par la particule de charge lectrique Q2, k une constante positive, r21 le vecteur issu de la particule de charge lectrique Q2 et aboutissant la particule de charge lectrique Q1, r = r21 la distance entre particules et e 21 le vecteur unitaire r21r NOTE Dans le vide la constante k est gale 1 4 0 o 0 est la constante lectrique. Coulomb law law giving the force between two charged particles, expressed by the relation F r e 12 12 2 2112 2 21 =k Q Q rr k Q Q r where F12 is the force exerted on the particle with electric charge Q1 by the particle with electric charge Q2, k a positive constant, r21 the vector from the particle with electric charge Q2 to the particle with electric charge Q1, r = r21 the distance between particles and e21 the unit vector r21r NOTE In vacuum the constant k is equal to 1 4 0 where 0 is the electric constant. ar deCoulombsches Gesetz esley de Coulomb itlegge di Coulomb ja plprawo Coulomba ptlei de Coulomb svCoulombs lag Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 60050-121 IEC:1998 3 121-11-03constante lectrique, f permittivit du vide, f (symbole : 0) constante scalaire 0 reliant les grandeurs lectriques et les grandeurs mcaniques, obtenue daprs la relation F Q Q r = 1 4 0 12 2 fonde sur la loi de Coulomb dans le vide, o F est la norme de la force sexerant entre deux particules de charges lectriques Q1 et Q2 respectivement, places une distance r lune de lautre 705-03-01 MOD NOTE 1 Dans le vide, le produit de la constante lectrique par le champ lectrique E est gal linduction lectrique D : DE=0 NOTE 2 La constante lectrique est lie la constante magntique 0 et la vitesse de la lumire dans le vide c0 par la relation 00 0 2 1c = NOTE 3 La valeur de la constante lectrique est exactement gale 10 4 8 854 187 817 7 42 = 299 792458 m-kg-s ApF m 2 31 ,. electric constant permittivity of vacuum (symbol: 0) scalar constant 0 linking the electric quantities and the mechanical quantities, obtained from the relation F Q Q r = 1 4 0 12 2 based on the Coulomb law in vacuum, where F is the magnitude of the force between two particles with electric charges Q1 and Q2 respectively, placed at a distance r apart 705-03-01 MOD NOTE 1 In vacuum, the product of the electric constant and the electric field strength E is equal to the electric flux density D: DE=0 NOTE 2 The electric constant is related to the magnetic constant 0 and to the speed of light in vacuum c0 by the relation 00 0 2 1c = NOTE 3 The value of the electric constant is exactly equal to 10 4 8 854 187 817 7 42 = 299 792458 m kg-s ApF m 2 31 - ,. ar; deelektrische Feldkonstante esconstante elctrica (smbolo: 0); permitividad del vaco itcostante elettrica; permettivit del vuoto ja plsta?a elektryczna; przenikalno? elektryczna pr?ni ptconstante elctrica; permitividade do vazio svpermittiviteten fr vakuum; elektriska konstanten Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 4 60050-121 CEI:1998 121-11-04lectriquement neutre qualifie une particule, un corps ou un systme matriel dont la charge lectrique totale est nulle electrically neutral qualifies a particle, a body or a physical system in which the total electric charge is zero ar deelektrisch neutral eselctricamente neutro itelettricamente neutro ja ploboj?tny elektrycznie ptelectricamente neutro svelektriskt neutral; oladdad 121-11-05lectriquement charg qualifie une particule, un corps ou un systme matriel dont la charge lectrique totale est diffrente de zro electrically charged qualifies a particle, a body or a physical system in which the total electric charge is different from zero ar deelektrisch geladen eselctricamente cargado itelettricamente caricato ja plna?adowany elektrycznie ptelectricamente carregado sv(elektriskt) laddad Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission Provided by IHS under license with IEC Not for Resale, 02/12/2016 15:13:28 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 60050-121 IEC:1998 5 121-11-06quasi-infinitsimal dans un systme dentits lmentaires, qualifie la longueur, laire ou le volume dun lment despace dont toutes les dimensions gomtriques sont petites par rapport celles du systme considr mais suffisamment grandes pour que llment despace contienne un grand nombre dentits lmentaires NOTE Le terme quasi-infinitsimal est utilis pour distinguer cette notion de celle dinfinitsimal au sens mathmatique. quasi-infinitesimal in a system of elementary entities, qualifies the length, the area, or the volume of an element of space all the geometrical dimensions of which are small compared with those of the system under consideration, but sufficiently large for the element of space to contain a large n