美国种族大熔炉ppt课件.ppt

What sthedifferencebetween meltingpot and saladbowl 1 Theconceptofthe meltingpot Themeltingpotisametaphorusedtodescribethefusion 融合 ofdifferentnationalities ethnicitiesandcultures Whichwasequatedwith Americanization maybeItwastheidealizedprocessofimmigrationandcolonizationanditwasconnectedtoutopian 乌托邦 visionsoftheemergenceofanAmerican newman 熔炉指不同文化与种族的人移居到美国 融合到一起 创造了现在多元的美国文化 2 Theoriginofthe meltingpot aJewfromEnglandnamedIsraelZangwillpennedaplayentitled TheMeltingPot whichwasopenedinWashingtonIn1908 afterthatThemelting togethermetaphorcameintogeneralusage however SomeoldstockAmericansbelievedthatimmigrantscouldneverbeassimilated Therecanbelittledoubtthatraceprejudiceisthegreatestsinglebarriertoassimilation 同化 名称主要来自于1908年上演的同名剧 大部分人认为种族偏见是文化融合的最大障碍 3 Americanhasbecomethethird mostpopulouscountry whilethenativepopulationisdecreasedasopposedtotheimmigrations AlthoughthewhiteisstillthelargestconstituteofAmericans 50 4 ofAmericanchildrenundertheageof1belongedtominoritygroups 2012 Racemelting 4 ObamaAmerican Kenya Kungfupanda Mixed bloods Culturemelting Chinatown Racemelting 5 Inthesaladbowlmodel variousAmericanculturesarejuxtaposed 并列 likesaladingredients ThisideaproposesasocietyofmanyindividualculturesinadditiontothemixedculturethatismodernAmericanculture andthetermhasbecomemorepoliticallycorrect 政治正确 thanmeltingpot Theconceptofthe saladbowl 美国不同移民就像沙拉一样 虽然都在一个盘子里 却彼此独立 6 Xenophobia 排外心理 ChineseExclusionAct UnitedStates 1880 1943 ItwasoneofthemostsignificantrestrictionsonfreeimmigrationinUShistory prohibitingallimmigrationofChineselaborers KuKluxKlan 1stKlan 1865 1870s 2stKlan 1915 1944 3stKlan since1946 theyadvocatedextremistreactionarycurrentssuchaswhitesupremacy whitenationalism andanti immigration historicallyexpressedthroughterrorism 7 CulturalmosaicandKaleidoscope isthemixofethnicgroups languagesandculturest