牛津英语8B下学期期中考试资料整理.docx

8A Unit5词组、句型及语法复习提纲一、重点短语：1去观鸟go birdwatching 2在市场at the market 3烤鸡roast chicken 4飞往北方国家fly to northern countries 5自然保护区nature reserves 6彩色羽毛colourful feathers7短暂停留for a short stay 8捕鱼为食catch fish for food 9稀有的丹顶鹤the rare red-crowned cranes 10占更多的空间take more space 11中国政府the Chinese government 12数鸟count birds/ do a bird count 13什么的理想家园the ideal home for 14越来越少的生存空间less and less space to live15 终年all year round 16濒临灭绝的动物endangered animals 17在数字上的变化the changes in the numbers 18等不及cant wait for19采取措施做take actions to do 20一年一次once a year21成为成员become a member of 22许多 a lot of / a large number of 23处于危险当中be in danger 24开店 keep shops 25例如for example 26走很长的路walk a long way 27一双皮鞋a pair of leather shoes 28乱扔垃圾drop litter carelessly 29 毕业finish school 30准备考试study for the exam 31在入口处at the entrance 32阳光灿烂shine brightly33安静下来be quiet 34出生日期Date of birth 35发出很多噪音，吵闹make a lot of noise 36在观鸟期间during the birdwatching 37关于扎龙的报告a report on Zhalong 38唯一理由the only reason 39防洪prevent the flood 40申请表an application form41兴趣和爱好interests and hobbies 42在世界的其他地方in other areas of the world43对别人讲礼貌show good manners to others 44有12000公顷的面积have an area of 120,000 hectares45讲一口流利的法语speak fluent French / speak French fluently46在中国东北in north-east China / in the north-east of China47懂得保护湿地的重要性understand the importance of the wetlands48为提供食物和住所provide food and shelter for49世界上最重要的湿地之一one of the worlds most important wetlands 50有长尖形翅膀的燕子a swallow with long pointed wings 二、重点句子及句型： 1.Its one of the worlds most important wetlands. 它是世界上最重要的湿地之一。2.Reserve is an important living area for the rare red-crowned cranes. 保护区是珍稀丹顶鹤的重要生存区域。 3.That means there will be less and less space for wildlife. 这意味着野生生物的生存空间将越来越少。 4.We hope this information will help them understand and make them take actions to protect wildlife. 我们希望这个信息有助于他们理解并使他们采取措施保护野生生物。 5.Studying Zhalong helps us learn about protecting wildlife.研究扎龙有助于我们学会保护野生生物。 6.Zhalong is a protected area. Its incorrect to hunt or fish there. 扎龙是一个受保护的区域，在那打猎或钓鱼是不对的。 7. We talked happily until Mr Wu told us to be quiet. 我们兴高地交谈着直到吴老师叫我们安静下来。 8.He also told us to walk slowly and not to frighten the birds. 他还叫我们走慢点，不要吓鸟。 9.Make sure you can see clearly from birdwatching places. 务必从你观察鸟的地方要能看得清清楚楚。 10.I will be very happy if I can become a member of your club. 如果我能成为你们俱乐部成员的话，我将很高兴。 11.You can call me on 010-5558 6390 or e-mail me at . 你可以给我打010-5558 6390电话或给我发e-mail到. 12.The reserve has an area of more than 210,000 hectares. 这个保护区的面积有210,000多公顷。 13.Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. 一些人想改变湿地，为农田和房屋让出更多的空间。 14.Many birds live in Zhalong nature Reserve all year round, and some go there for a short stay. 许多鸟常年生活在扎龙自然保护区，一些飞到那儿作短暂的停留。 15.It is the ideal home for different kinds of plants, fish and birds. 对于不同种类的植物、渔类和鸟类来说，这是一个理想的家园。 16.He told us not to make any noise and not to run.他吩咐我们不要吵吵囔囔并且不要乱跑。 17.Zhalong is the home of a lot of plants and animals, including different kinds of birds. 扎龙是包括不同鸟类在内的许多动植物的家。 18.However, providing food and shelter for endangered birds is not the only season for us to protect wetlands. 然而，为濒临绝迹的鸟类提供食物和保护区并非我们保护湿地的唯一理由。 19.I think it is important for me to do something to protect birds. 我认为对于我来说为了保护鸟类而做点什么很重要。 20.They simply cant wait for the party next week. 他们简直等不及下周的聚会。三，知识点讲解1.roast chicken烧鸡，roast duck烤鸭，Beijing duck北京烤鸭 2.fly to northern countries飞往北方的国家 in north-east China在中国东北north北方+ern=northern北方的, south北方+ern=southern南方的, east东方+ern =eastern东方的, west西方+ern western西方的 in South China在华南，in the south of China在中国南部，in North China在华北，in the north of China在中国北部，in East China在华东，in the east of China在中国东部，in the west of China在中国西部3. one of the worlds most important wetlands世界上最重要的湿地之一 =one of the most important wetlands in the worldone of+ the/物主代词形容词最高级名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。Lucy is one of my best friends Lucy是我最好的朋友之一4.provide food and shelter for wildlife为野生动物提供食物和栖息处 provide sth for sbprovide sb with sth为某人提供某物 We provided the poor children with some stationery.We provided some stationery for the poor children.我们为贫困的学生提供文具Provide for 供养 He has three men to provide for.他要供养四口人5. an ideal home for different kinds of plants, fish and birds不同种类的植物、鱼类和鸟类的理想家园fish表示“鱼”的含义时，是可数名词，单复数同形。类似的有deer鹿，sheep绵羊。fish表示“鱼肉”时，是不可数名词如：Help yourself to some fish.随便吃些鱼。fishes 表示鱼的种类6. live comfortably舒适地生活，comfortable舒适的comfortably舒适地 7. all year round全年；常年all day整天，all night整夜，day and night日日夜夜 8. stay there for a short timego there for a short stay在那里短暂停留 9. easily catch them for food很容易地捕捉它们(鱼类)为食 10.an important living area for the rare red-crowned cranes稀有丹顶鹤的一个重要生活区living常作前置定语，修饰人或物。This is a living fish 这是一条活鱼Living fish are more expensive than dead ones.活鱼比死鱼贵。live活的；有生命的，实况转播的 They watched the live NBA matches last night.alive活着的，作后置定语、表语或宾语补足语 They found him alive.他们发现他还活着11. Studying Zhalong helps us learn about protecting wildlife. 研究扎龙有助于我们了解怎样保护野生生物。动词-ing形式具有名词的一些特点，在句中可作主语和宾语。需要强调的是作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Talking like that is impolite. 那样说话不礼貌。(作主语)I enjoy working with you. 我很高兴和你们一起工作。(作宾语)study学习；研究study n.书房studies(常用复数) n.学习 learn学习(由练习或受教而记忆)learn to do sth学做某事 We study at No. 1 Secondary School. (不能用learn)You should learn from each other.(不能用study)At the age of eight, he learnt to skate.(不能用study12. do a bird count清点鸟类；进行鸟类的清点 =count the birdscount vt.数，e.g. count the money数钱 2count vi.数(数目) The child is clever enough to count from one to one hundred. countable可数的 uncountable, countless不可数的13. understand the importance of the wetlands懂得湿地的重要性 important adj.重要的importance n.重要性，the importance of 的重要性部分以t结尾的形容词变为名词时，将t改为ce ，different不同的difference差异，14. make them actively take action to protect wildlife让他们积极采取行动保护野生生物 active积极的actively积极地，take an active part in积极参加make sb do(动词原型) sth 使某人做某事take action to do sth采取措施做某事15. show good manners to sb对某人有礼貌show bad manners to sb对某人没有礼貌16. walk a long way走远路，leave litter丢垃圾，drop litter carelessly随意丢垃圾 17. have an area of面积为 18. a very good place to go birdwatching一个观鸟的好去处a good place to do sth 一个做某事的好地方Hong Kong is a good place to go shopping.香港是购物天堂。19. prevent flood预防洪水 prevent sb (from可省略) doing sthstop sb (from可省略) doing sthkeep sb from（ 不可省略）doing sth阻止某人做某事，prevent sth (from) happening防止某事发生Nothing will prevent us from reaching our aims. 什么也阻止不了我们达到我们的目的。flood表示“洪水，水灾”，可数名词，可用heavy, great, big等词来修饰。如：Because there was a heavy flood, the water washed the village away. 因为一场严重的洪水，大水冲跨了村庄。20. 领取、填写申请表相关词汇：an application form申请表get an application form领取申请表fill in the form填表return the form交表 21. interests and hobbies兴趣和爱好，activities to protect wildlife保护野生生物的活动22. application to join the Birdwatching Club加入观鸟俱乐部的申请 application to do sth.的申请，e.g. the application to join the Birdwatching Club加入观鸟俱乐部的申请23. become a member of 成为的一员join加入become a member of the club成为俱乐部中的一员join the club加入俱乐部24. be/become interested in sth/doing sth对(做)某事感兴趣show/have interest in sth/doing sthAs a child, he was/became interested in taking photos.He has been interested in taking photos since he was a child.小的时候他对拍照感兴趣25. call me on 55586390contact me on 55586390 call/contact sb on电话号码，致电给某人e-mail me at 发电子邮件到给我e-mail sb at电子邮箱，发电子邮件给某人，此处的e-mail是动词，意思是“发电子邮件”。send an e-mail to sb给某人发电子邮件(此处e-mail为名词)26. the wetlands photo show湿地图片展 27. simply cant wait for the show next week简直等不及看下周的展出28. danger危险, dangerous危险的, endangered濒于灭绝的danger名词，危险。常用短语：in danger处于危险中，out of danger脱离危险。dangerous形容词，危险的。常用短语：be dangerous。常用句型：It be dangerous for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事是危险的。It is dangerous for children to play in the street.对儿童来说在街道上玩是危险的endangered形容词in a dangerous state濒于灭绝的。We should protect the endangered animals.我们应该保护濒临与灭绝的动物30. including介词，包括 Weve got three days holiday, including New Years Day.我们放三天假，包括新年31. while (连词)然而 当时；和同时 after a while过一会儿We should respect cleaners, while some people look down on them. (然而)While she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep. 当她听音乐的时候，睡着啦but作连词用时，则可表示“但是，可是”，表示“转折”之意。例如：English is useful, but it is difficult to learn. 英语有用，但是难学32. correct正确的incorrect不正确的correctly正确地incorrectly不正确地correct，V,改正; 修正correction n.校正， He gave a correct answer.他给了我们一个正确的答案33. date of birth出生日期，place of birth出生地34. loud大声的 loudlyin a loud voice大声地反义词：in a low voice低声地， speak loudly大声地说 aloud出声地，read aloud朗读35. Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. 有些人想改变湿地，腾出更多的地方建造农场和楼房to make more space for farms and buildings动词不定式作状语。36. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife.这意味着野生生物的地方越来越少。 There will be是there be句型的一般将来时形式。或There is going to beless and less不可数名词，fewer and fewer名词复数，表示“越来越少”。more and more不可数名词或名词复数，表示“越来越多”。There is less and less water on the earth.地球上的水越来越少There are fewer and fewer leaves on the trees.树上的叶子越来越少space (不可数名词)空间、地方；还表示“太空，宇宙”。make space formake room for给腾出地方(room不可数名词，空间、地方) There is no space for another chair in this room.If the population continues to grow, therell be standing room only on the earth. China Space中国航天37. We need more people to help us count and do something to help the birds. do something to help the birdsdo something for the birds采取措施帮助鸟类38. The sun shone brightly as we got on the school bus.我们上车时，阳光灿烂。 shine brightly阳光灿烂；阳光明媚shine照射，过去式shoneas引导时间状语从句，常有以下几种用法：一边一边 e.g. As we walked, we talked. 我们边走边谈。随着(主句的情景随着as从句所表达的时间变化而变化) e.g. As she grew older, she gained in confidence. 随年龄的增长她的信心增强了。两件事同时发生 e.g. As I was going out, the telephone rang. Just as he went to bed, there was a loud knock on the door.39. We talked loudly until Mr Wu told us to be quiet. 我们大声的讲话，直到吴老师告诉我们要安静含有until引导时间状语从句时，当主句是肯定句时，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词；当主句是否定句时，主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。Until 直到。为止 not until 直到。才40. I think it is important for me to do something to protect birds. It is/was形容词或名词for sb to do sth.做某事对某人来说。It is/was形容词或名词that从句.这两种句型结构中的名词经常是duty, job等。 Its our duty for us to protect the environment.Its our duty that we protect the environment.保护环境是我们的责任41. I am going birdwatching at the market. 我要到市场上去看鸟。go birdwatching表示“去观鸟”。 go + 动词-ing”表示一种娱乐活动，类似的短语还有：go running去跑步 go boating/ fishing/climbing例如 In summer the boys often go swimming in the swimming pool. 在夏天，男孩们经常在游泳池游泳。birdwatch 是个复合动词，又如： booksell 售书 birdwatcher观鸟 者 42. He told us not to make any noise and not to run. 他叫我们不要吵闹，也不要跑。 tell sb to do sth表示“让某人做某事”，否定形式为tell sb not to do sth，如：The teacher told the girl to bring her homework tomorrow. 老师让那个女孩明天把家庭作业带来。 Mum always tells me not to watch too much TV. 妈妈总是叫我不要看太多电视。英语中，有类似用法的动词还有：ask(要求), order(命令), advise(建议), warn(警告)等。 make noise意为“发出嗓音”。其中noise意为“噪音”，即不悦耳的，不和谐的或任何令人讨厌的声音，常用a, some, any, much, a lot of等修饰。如：Try not to make any noise when you go into the bedroom. 进入卧室时，尽量不要弄出声音来。43. web-footed 是个复合形容词，类似的有：long-pointed 长翅的 pointed 尖的 a pointed pencil 削尖的铅笔 forked 叉状的 a forked road岔道 a forked tail叉状的尾巴44. golden 金（黄）色的； 镀金的 She has golden hair. gold 金子；黄金broad 宽的， 指道路、河流等时与wide通用,如： a wide/broad road/ river 形容眼睛、嘴巴时用wide; 在引申用法时也用wide, 如： Open your mouth wide.张大嘴巴 This river is 3 metres wide 指心胸开阔或形容人的肢体时用broad。 His father is a man with a broad heart.他爸爸是一个心胸宽阔的人45. brownish 带棕色的 girlish 女孩子气的， childish 孩子气的，foolish傻的46. stay n.逗留 I will go there for a long stay.我将去那里短暂逗留 v. 逗留，停留 Stay here until we come back.在这里逗留都我们回来47. rare 罕见的 ，稀少的，珍贵的 rarely =seldom不常地，属否定副词。This kind of bird is becoming rare.这种罕见的鸟变得很稀少Its very rare for him to be late.= He is rarely late.他很少迟到48. 使用前缀un-，in-, im-, dis-, ir-来构成形容词的反义词:a. 大多数形容词前面加un构成反义词，如：happy- unhappy kind- unkind true- untrue able- unable comfortable- uncomfortable friendly- unfriendly b. 以c开头的形容词用前缀in-构成反义词， 如： correct- incorrect c. 以p开头的形容词用前缀im-构成反义词， 如： possible- impossible d. 以r开头的形容词用前缀ir-构成反义词， 如： regular- irregulare. 有些形容词用前缀dis-构成反义词， 如： honest- dishonest 49. 方式副词的构成1. 大多数形容词加ly构成副词， 如：quiet- quietly bright-brightly2若形容词以le结尾，则去e加y构成副词 ，如： gentle- gently possible- possibly 3.若形容词以辅音字母加=y结尾的，通常把y变i再加ly构成副词，如：easy- easily happy- happily angry- angrily friendly- friendlily4若形容词以辅音字母加e结尾的，无需去e，直接加lyrude-rudely wide-widely nice-nicely safe-safly polite-politely5.形容词与副词同形，如： fast, early, ill, late, back, straight，alone6.下列形容词加上ly意义发生了改变， Hard困难的hardly 几乎不能 near 附近的nearly 几乎Late 迟的，晚的lately 最近的 high高度的highly 高度的，非常的7.下列虽以ly结尾，但不是副词，是形容词 Friendly友好的 lovely可爱的 likely可能的 lonely孤独的 daily每天的8. 特殊情况： good- 副词well9.形容词修饰动词时，方式副词通常要放在动词后面，He runs quickly修饰动词短语，可放动词短语后，也可放动词短语后I can easily answer the question=I can answer the question easily我能很容易的回答这个问题表示强调时，方式副词可以放在句首 Luckly,he pass the exam 幸运的是 他通过了考试三、语法 1.使用一般现在时谈论将来。（主要是表示根据规定,日历或时间表或计划预计要发生的动作或事态。特别在if条件从句和when等时间从句中。）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。 Our plane leaves at ten oclock tonight.今晚我们的飞机10点起飞It is Sunday tomorrow.明天是星期天 If we work hard, well be able to study English well. 如果我们努力学习，我们就能学好英语。3. 缩略语与符号缩略语 cm=centimetre厘米 eg= for example例如 etc= et cetera等等 km= kilometre公里 minus= minutes分钟 no.= number数字 gd= good好的 info= information信息符号 ； = equal等于 + plus加 % percent百分比 degree度does not equal不等 at在 & and和 more/ greater than大于，多于 because 因为 therefore所以 $ dollar美元8A Unit6词组、句型及语法复习提纲一、重点短语 句子：1 be all wet 湿透了 2 half an hour later 半小时后3 mop sth up / mop up sth 把某物拖干净 4 natural disasters 自然灾害5 bad weather 坏天气 6 lose the game 输了比赛7 thousands of people 成千上万的人们 8 a car accident 一起车祸9 wash sth away / wash away sth 把冲走 10 crash into 撞到上11 fall （down） from 从摔下来 12 start a big fire 引起一场大火13 a big storm 一场大暴雨 14 thunder and lightning 雷电15 survive the earthquake 在地震中幸存下来 16 continue to do sth 继续做某事17 feel a slight shaking 感到一阵轻微的震动 18 at first 起先19 hear a big noise like thunder听到像雷一样的一阵巨响 20 run wildly 疯狂地奔跑21 look at each other in fear 惊恐地互相看看 22 run in all directions 向四面八方逃跑23 like bombs under the ground像地下的炸弹爆炸一样 24 run out to the street 向外跑到街上25 run out of the shopping center跑出购物中心 26 pieces of glass 玻璃碎片27 hear shouts from excited people听到激动人群的叫喊声 28 come down 倒下29 calm down 安静下来 30 be trapped 陷入困境31 say to oneself 自言自语 32 a moment of fear 片刻的恐惧33 shout /scream for help 大声喊救命 34 stay alive 活着/ 活下来35 a packet of chocolate 一袋巧克力 36 fall down 摔下来 37 in a great hurry （to do sth ）极为匆忙地（做某事） 38 hurry to do sth 匆忙做某事39 move sth away / move away sth把搬走（代词放于中间）40 sound like 听起来像41 see the bright daylight 看到明亮的阳光 42 the noise of thunder 雷声43 （be） around 7 7摄氏度左右 44 drop a little 下降一点45 become / get worse 变得更糟 46 drop to -5 降到零下5摄氏度47 be sunny / cloudy /foggy / frosty / stormy晴朗的/多云的/有雾的/有霜的/暴风雨的天气48 read some guidebooks 阅读一些指南书 49 on the side of the road 在路边50 What a terrible snowstorm !多么可怕的一场暴雪呀！ 51 break down 损坏52 get some snow from the ground 从地面上取雪 53 play with snow 玩雪54 make a snowball 滚雪球 55 make a snowman 堆雪人56 fall over 绊倒 57 last long 持续长久58 an accident report 一份事故报告 59 coverwith 用覆盖60 be covered with 被覆盖 61 call the 110 hotline 打110热线 62 be serious 严重的 something serious 一些严重的事 63 time of arrival 到达的时间64 conditions of victims 受害者的情况 65 catch/ cause fire 引起火灾66 read a newspaper article about a car accident阅读一篇有关一起车祸的报刊文章67 a heavy storm with thunder and lightning 一阵大风暴伴随着雷电声 68 be （badly） hurt （严重）受伤 69 cause natural disasters 引发自然灾害70 lose our umbrella in the wind在风中丢了我们的雨伞 71 remove the snow 除雪72 look out of the window 朝窗外看 73 weather report 天气报告74 hear the noise of traffic 听到车辆的声音 75 typhoon signal number 台风信号76 snowstorm warning 风雪警报 77 roll up trousers 卷起裤子78 help people get out from under all the stones and bricks 帮助人们从石推和砖块下出来79 give out food and clean drinking water to the local people 给当地的人们分发食物和净水80 continue to fall around us 继续在我们周围落下 81 get worse 变得更糟82.an earthquake survivors home page一位地震幸存者的主页1 I was sleeping when it started to rain .当开始下雨时，我在睡觉2 Whos going to mop all the water up if you dont come with me ?要是你不跟我来，谁来把水拖干呢？3 The earthquake in Taiwan killed thousands of people . 台湾地