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汽车卧铺盖板拉延模设计【拉延模具】【6张CAD图纸】

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汽车卧铺盖板拉延模设计

51页 18000字数+说明书+中英文翻译+开题报告+6张CAD图纸【详情如下】

上模A1.dwg

中期报告.doc

中英文翻译.doc

压边圈A1.dwg

实习报告.doc

工法图.dwg

汽车卧铺盖板拉延模设计开题报告.doc

汽车卧铺盖板拉延模设计论文.doc

片体A3.dwg

装配图A0.dwg

轴测图A0.dwg

摘  要

本次设计做的是汽车车身覆盖件冲压模设计中的第一序拉延模的设计。汽车模具在中国因为发展的时间比较短所以在很多方面现在比起一些机械工业发达的国家还有很大的差距。但我国近年来在汽车模具方面也取得不少的发展与进步。本次设计我做的是汽车盖板的拉延模设计。在模具设计中主要是根据设计好的板件来用UG软件进行三维造型设计来完成模具的结构设计然后进行模具加工调试来最终生产出合格的模具。在三维造型方面主要可以分为压边圈设计、上模设计、凸模设计和下模本体设计。在进行各部分设计时要严格按照模具结构设计规范来进行设计。                        

在本次设计中我严格按照冲压模设计标准来进行模具设计,其中有一部分技术规范属于企业内部规范。本设计经过反复检查没有发现大的纰漏,完全符合模具设计的要求。

关键词:汽车模具  UG  拉延模  设计标准

Abstract

The design do is auto body panel stamping die design sequence in the first drawing die design. Automotive die in China due to the development of a comparatively short time it is in many ways than some mechanical industrial developed countries there is a great gap. However, in recent years, China has also made the car a lot of mold development and progress. The design of the car I did the cover drawing die design. In the die design are mainly based on panels designed to use the UG software design to complete the three-dimensional structure of the mold and then mold design to final production of qualified commissioning of the mold. Main aspects of three-dimensional modeling can be divided into the blank holder design, the mold design, design and lower die punch body design. During the design of various parts of the structure to be in strict accordance with design specifications to the mold design.

In this design I strictly in accordance with design standards for stamping die mold design, including technical specifications are part of the internal specification. After repeated checking of the design found no major flaws, in full compliance with the mold design.

Keywords: car mold   drawing die   design standards   UG

目录

前  言1

1 设计前的准备工作5

1.1 技术协议5

1.1.1模具的材料及热处理5

1.1.2、 模具结构5

1.1.3. 工艺、设计、制造要求7

1.2 查看工法图8

1.3查验对比9

1.4结构选择9

1.5材质选择9

2处理数模及分模线17

2.1片体缝合17

2.2拉伸实体17

2.3设计凸模退刀面18

2.4设计凸模主筋19

2.5压边圈退刀面的设计19

2.6压边圈主筋的设计20

2.7确定压边圈导向20

2.8导滑面的设计21

2.9导板数量的确定21

3压边圈的设计24

3.1压边圈强度24

3.2压边圈压力确定25

3.2压边圈让位及补强26

3.3气顶杆的设计27

3.4压边圈镶块设计28

3.5调压垫块与墩死垫块的设计28

3.6弹顶销的设计30

4上模的设计31

4.1上模型面及主筋31

4.2上模法兰面和辅筋31

4.3上模调压凸台的设计31

4.4上模起吊和反转结构的设计32

4.5压板槽的设计32

4.6导腿的设计32

4.7安全平台的设计32

4.8设计中心键槽及压板槽加强筋33

4.9上模弹顶销的设计33

4.10设计减轻空、流水孔及排气孔33

4.11定位板地设计34

5下模的设计41

5.1下模座的设计42

5.2设计墩死垫块42

5.3设计凸模安装固定法兰43

5.4设计安全螺钉43

5.5设计安全护板44

5.6运输连接的设计44

5.7导柱导向设计44

5.8下模导板窥视孔的设计44

5.9设计完成45

致  谢46

参考文献47

1 设计前的准备工作

1.1 技术协议

每一个项目都会与客户签定技术协义(或其它类似的文件),技术协义中包涵了客户对模具要求的所有相关信息。在进行模具设计之前必须仔细阅读技术协议严格按照里面的要求来进行设计。

1.1.1模具的材料及热处理

当冲压件的材料为高强度板(抗拉强度大于等于340MPa)或板厚>1.2mm时。压边圈采用HT300+Cr12MoV镶件结构;凹模采用基体部分HT300+压料面及模口部分Cr12MoV+内型面部分MoCr镶件结构;凹模也可采用基体部分MoCr+压料面及模口部分Cr12MoV镶件结构;凹模采用基体部分HT300+型面压料面Cr12MoV镶件结构;料厚小于等于1.2mm的凸模可采用(GGG70L),MoCr铸铁。表面淬火硬度不低于HRc50;凸模采用基体部分HT300+成型部分Cr12MoV结构;凸模采用基体MoCr+变形剧烈部分Cr12MoV结构(具体在图纸会签时确定)Cr12moV(SKD11韩国)。表面淬火硬度不低于HRc55~58。

1.1.2、 模具结构

模具结构形式,原则上按甲方提供的或甲方认定的乙方提供的结构设计。模具的闭合高度,根据模具的结构、操作要求、压机参数而定。一个零件系列模具的闭合高度应考虑一致性。中型模具 考虑联合安装式。(会签时根据具体情况商定)。上下模之间要设置四块等高的平衡垫块。模具的标准件及结构性外购件原则上选用三住、三协标准,超出范围的标准均需甲方的认可。(国内模具供应商标准件要选用上海三住、北京世贸、大连盘起的产品,氮气缸要求选用美国Hysow或瑞典Kaller或天津大石机械的产品或韩国TOSS的产品,顶料汽缸要求选用SMC的产品)。氮气缸选用原则为:氮气缸达到最大压缩量时应留有5mm余量,注入基准压力为12MPa。平衡用氮气缸的顶出力应在相应上模总重量的(1.5—2)倍以上。所有模具必须采用12.9级的螺钉(栓)。拉延模自动化生产线用模具压料圈采用内置式结构,上、下模互为导向体,压料圈与凸模互为导向体。模具尽可能考虑送料高度合理一致。自动化冲压生产线用模具应考虑机械人送料高度(参见模具设计标准-《一般设计》)。模具定位采用四点快速定位。 上下模四周铸出“V”型中心线槽。两侧铸出方向“→”箭头示前方。铸件加强筋间距≤300mm(封闭间距≤600mm),型面厚度≥50mm,筋厚按甲方标准。本体为实型铸铁, 应保证铸件的强度、刚度和外观质量。铸件的相关部位壁厚按甲方标准铸造.铸件本体带联体验棒(模具交付时至少保留两个验棒,验棒规格为¢30×200mm),联体位置适当,不能有干涉或隐含干涉。模具安装采用U型槽,数量为:模具长度L ≥ 1500mm时, 上下模6-8个U行槽; L<1500 mm时, 上下模各4—6个U行槽, U型槽厚度H=60mm(底板厚度H=50mm、压板台高度h=10mm).压板槽距模具端头小于500mm.模具要求定位准确,不易松动,操作方便、安全。拉伸件应考虑后续工位定位问题。拉延、成形类模具,要求有合模到底的压印标记,标记深度为0.3mm以内。

拉延模应在适当位置合理设置¢6的排气孔,并加防尘软管。

模具要设置安全平台。大型模具安全平台尺寸为200mm×200mm;中型模具安全平台尺寸不小于150mm×150mm;小型模具安全平台尺寸为100mm×100mm。上下模安全平台之间高度为120mm或170mm。(压机安全棒高度800mm)废料对角线长度不大于500mm,如超出范围须与甲方协商确定。小型模具修边废料,要能滑出模具外。中、大型模具要求滑出压机台外。采用折叠式废料滑板使废料排出压机台外。一级废料滑板的设置不得超出模具的外轮廓线。废料滑板的料厚t取2mm-2.5mm。(具体会签时确认)废料滑道的倾斜角度需大于等于25度,如果倾斜角度小于25度,废料滑板必须采用网纹板(滤油网板)。非自动化线冲孔类模具废料原则用废料盒接存,尽量集中接存,废料在模体内滑动要顺畅,不得泄露在压机工作台上。废料盒尽量少;废料盒抽出方向设置在模具前后向、方便取放倒废料,定位要可靠,且能够自锁。(具体会签时确认)模具采用铸入式或铸造式起重臂或插销式吊耳,插销式起重吊耳应配有自锁功能起重棒。对于重量大于5吨的模具必须采用插销式吊耳形式。铸入式起重棒设置在模具左右方向。退料(压料)板原则上采用导板或导柱导向、侧销限位结构,要求设有安全块或安全螺钉。板料厚度小于1.2mm的冲裁工序的压料器要在适当位置设置锥形限位块(四点)-(六点),且锥形限位块必须等高,板料厚度大于等于1.2mm的冲裁工序是否采用锥形限位块在模具图纸会签时确定。压料面在有效的范围以外全部空开深度H=1mm。压料、退料装置要设有缓冲装置。压料器溢出凹腔部位以下50mm需要布设斑马线标识,并在相应位置设置参照标记。

参考文献

[1] 李大鑫、张秀棉模具技术现状与发展趋势综述。 2005.02。

[2] 曹月君. 国内外汽车球墨铸铁件生产技术与发展趋势[J]汽车工艺与材料, 1994,02。

[3] 赵孟栋主编,冷冲模设计,北京:机械工业出版社,2007。

[4] 徐政坤主编,冲压模具及设备,北京:机械工业出版社,2007。

[5] 姜奎华主编,冲压工艺与模具设计,北京:机械工业出版社,2002。

[6] 李奇主编,模具设计与制造,北京:人民邮电出版社,2006。

[7] 拉延模结构设计标准,企业内部标准。

[8] 冲压模标准件设计标准,企业内部标准。

内容简介:
河南理工大学万方科技学院本科毕业设计(论文)中期检查表指导教师: 张燕 职称: 讲师 所在院(系): 机械与动力工程系 教研室(研究室):机制 题 目卧铺车厢盖板拉延模设计学生姓名 褚方方专业班级07机制2班 学号0720150075一、选题质量: (1)我的专业是机械设计制造与自动化,这次的毕业设计课题我选的是模具设计。因为即将从事这方面的工作所以就用模具设计作为我的毕业设计,也算提前适应一下工作环境。(2)由于这次毕业设计跟我学的专业差别比较大,所以在做毕业设计时遇到了不少问题。不过经过自己在工厂的学习和一些老员工的帮助我很快的就对于模具设计的基本方法和步骤有了大致的了解并且很快的确定了自己的设计题目。虽然存在不少的问题不过我还是相信我可以圆满的完成我的毕业设计的。(3)模具行业特别是汽车模具行业现在在我国已经取得了很快的发展,模具以其生产精确和生产效率高而在机械制造业中所占的比例逐步上升,特别是汽车车身的模具设计与制造所占比重最大。现在中国的模具行业和其它一些发达国家的模具行业还存在很大的差距,特别是汽车行业我国急需有自己知识产权的设计。不过存在差距是必然的,因为模具在我国才算刚刚起步,我相信经过一代人的努力我国的模具行业一定会有快速的进步和拥有自己的知识产权的设计。二、开题报告完成情况:开题报告已经圆满完成,并通过了指导老师的检查。三、阶段性成果:对所选课题已经有了比较深刻的认识,按照规定计划进行中,设计论文草稿已经基本成型,并且3维造型设计已经基本完成。四、存在主要问题:因为所选课题和自己学的知识的侧重面不同,因此在刚开始遇到不少的问题。别且三维造型所用软件和自己学的也不一样,不过经过一段时间的学习这些问题已基本上克服了。五、指导教师对学生在毕业实习中,劳动、学习纪律及毕业设计(论文)进展等方面的评语指导教师: (签名) 年 月 日2附录:外文资料与中文翻译外文资料:Modern mold making .the stamping die development history and status of technology In 1953, the Changchun First Automobile Works in China for the first time established a die shop, the car plant in 1958 began manufacturing automotive panel die. 60 years of the 20th century began producing fine blanking dies. Come a long road of development, China has formed about 300 billion (not including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan statistics.) Production capacity of various types of stamping dies. Formed, such as Ningbo and Zhejiang HUANGYAN region Die village; Guangdong Corporation and some large rapid rise of township enterprises, K el o n, M id e a, K on ka and other groups have established their own mold manufacturing center; joint ventures and wholly foreign-owned the mold companies now have thousands. With the pace with international standards continues to accelerate, increasing market competition, production and design of the mold has been growing recognition that product quality, cost, and new product development capacities. Mold manufacturing technology to measure a countrys manufacturing sector has become an important indicator of the level, and largely determine the survival space. At present, China stamping die, whether in quantity or in quality, technology and other capabilities have made significant progress, but with national needs and the world advanced level, the gap is still great. In the international competition situation, I had the mold industry has rapidly developed, many specialized research centers continue to die set up, mold steel of the structure and made significant achievements, but there is still a big gap. First, imports of high-tech mold most of the large precision molds, mold and exports most of the lower middle and low-tech die, so high-tech high-grade die stamping die market, the overall satisfaction rate is lower than satisfaction rate, which mold development has lagged behind the production of stamping parts, and low-technology market to meet the rate of middle and low die stamping die is higher than the overall market to meet the rate; second is due to the price of the mold is much lower than international market prices, has some competition force, so its prospects in the international market; third in recent years, Hong Kong-and Taiwan-owned, foreign-funded enterprises in China developed rapidly in a large number of these enterprises stamping dies produced for own use no precise statistics, it is not included in the figures being. . Modern mold manufacturing technology development The development of modern technology should die mold products to meet the short delivery time, high precision, good quality, low price request for service. Urgent need to develop to meet this requirement as a number of (1) to comprehensively promote universal DBD / DBM / DBE technology Die DBD / DBM / DBE technology is the development direction of mold design and manufacturing. With the computer software development and progress, universal DBD / DBM / DBE technology, conditions are ripe, the businesses will increase DBD / DBM technical training and technical service efforts; further expand the scope of DBE technology. The development of computers and networks are making DBD / DBM / DBE technology trans-regional, cross-enterprise, campus-wide in the industry as possible to promote and achieve re-integration of technical resources to enable virtual manufacturing possible. (2) High-speed milling The development of foreign high-speed milling process in recent years, significantly improve the processing efficiency, and to get a high surface finish. In addition, the module can also be processed with high hardness, but also with low temperature rise, thermal deformation and so on. High-speed milling technology, automotive, home appliance manufacturing industry in the large cavity mold injected new vitality. It currently has more agile, intelligent, integrated direction. (3) die scanning and digitizing system High-speed scanner provides scanning system and mold from the model or in kind to the processing of the scanned model of the desired number of features required, greatly reducing the manufacturing cycle in the development of mold. Some quick scan system can be quickly installed in existing CNC milling machine and machining center, for fast data acquisition, automatic generation of a variety of CNC machining process, the DBD data in different formats, for mold manufacturing reverse engineering . (4) the degree of standardization to improve die Degree of standardization of the mold is increasing, estimates that the current use of standard mold coverage has reached about 30%. Developed countries is generally about 80%. (5) high-quality materials and advanced surface treatment technology Application of high quality steel and the corresponding surface treatment technology to improve the life of the mold it is very necessary. Mold heat treatment and surface treatment can fully mold steel material properties play a key part. Direction of development of mold heat treatment is the use of vacuum heat treatment. In addition to the mold surface should improve the development of advanced technologies such as laser surface treatment. (6) Mold Polishing Automation, intelligent mold surface quality of mold life, the appearance of quality parts and so have a greater impact of automation and intelligence of the grinding and polishing methods replace the existing manual in order to improve the quality of the mold surface is important trends. (7) die development of automatic processing system This is our long-term development goals mold industry. Automatic mold machine processing system should be more than the rational combination; with accompanying plate positioning fixture or positioning; a complete equipment, tool CNC database; a complete CNC flexible synchronization system; a quality monitoring and control system. Of course, as the user to choose the right equipment, if the selection properly, not only can not make money but make the machine work into the bitter situation. . Modern mold manufacturing technology trends Die technology is mainly towards the future development trend of information technology, high-speed high-precision production and development. Therefore, the design technology, the development focus is to promote DBD / DBE / DBM technology, and continue to improve efficiency, especially in sheet metal forming process of the computer simulation analysis. Die DBD, DBE technology should be declared human, integration, intelligence and network direction, and improve the mold DBD, DBM system-specific level. To improve the DBD, DBE, DBM technology, establish a complete database and development of the mold expert systems and improve software usability is very important. From the processing technology, the development focused on high-speed processing and precision machining. At present, the development of highly processed high-speed milling, high speed polishing and high-speed electronic processing and rapid tooling technologies. At present, the development of precision machining parts precision mold and the surface roughness of less 1m Pa 0.1m variety of precision machining. ,.the modern mold manufacturing 1.CAD/CAE/CAM computer-aided design, simulation, manufacturing integration CAD / CAE / CAM integration, integration technology is the most advanced modern mold making the most reasonable mode of production. Use of computer-aided design, support engineering and manufacturing systems, according to the respective mold parts designed to prepare the NC machining of parts from design to manufacturing process is an inevitable process, which is from CAD / CAE / CAM system carried out, The processing line cable input directly from the processing machine, can be used in the preparation of procedures of processing the system analog functions, will be part tool, tool holder, fixture, platform and tool speed, path, etc. are displayed, to check the program prepared correctness. In short the CAD / CAE / CAM system development and simulation of processing can not fully understand the problems identified, resulting in processing prior to prepare the complete set of processing change work, which for the efficient and accurate processing of the mold has a very important part . 2. Advanced equipment in the modern mold making role The inevitable trend of modern mold making, machining is possible to replace the manual process, especially now that CNC lathes, multi-axis machine tools, CNC mold engraving machine, EDM machine, CNC precision grinding machines, coordinate measuring machines, scanners and other modern equipment widely used in factories, but most of these devices are basically the application of the procedures used CAD / CAE / CAM system to produce, the operator of work procedures in accordance with the provisions of work piece clamping, with a cutting tool and operation of the machine will be able to automatically complete the processing tasks, and created the ideal mold parts or complete the processing operation for the next part. 3. Die materials and surface treatment technology Due to improper selection and use of materials, resulting in premature failure of the mold, which accounts for more than 45% die failure. Price structure throughout the mold, the materials, the proportion of small, generally 20% to 30%, therefore, the choice of high quality steel and application of surface treatment technology to improve the life of the mold it is very necessary. For tool steel, the ESR technique to be used, such as the use of powder metallurgy high speed steel powders manufactured. Variety of different specifications tool steel, refined products, products of, try to shorten the delivery time is also an important trend. Mold heat treatment of the main trends: the infiltration of a single element to the multi-element penetration, complex permeability (such as TD method) development; by the general spread of the CVD, PVD, PCVD, ion penetration, ion implantation and other direction; addition, the current laser enhanced glow plasma technology and electroplating (plating) and other anti-corrosion technology to strengthen more and more attention. V, reverse engineering Reverse engineering is the first of the parts (the processing of the product) to scan the CAD data generated in multiple formats, and then in the other CAD / CAE / CAM software in the modified design, the technology is the most popular modern mold manufacturing mold manufacturing technology. mold manufacturing company dedicated to development and production of the scanning system, it can be successfully applied to reverse engineering, mold manufacturing, it can not only improve the performance of CNC machine tools, expanding the function of CNC machine tools, CNC machine tools but also improve efficiency., Renscan200, Cyclone high-speed scanner has been Qingdao H a I e r, Jinan Q I n g q i, national mold center and other units started. . Summary and Outlook With the development and progress of computer software, CAD / CAE / CAM technology is getting more mature, and its application in the modern mold will become more widespread. Can be expected in the near future, mold manufacturing to separate from the machine manufacturing industry, and independent national economy to become an indispensable pillar industries, while also further promote the integration of the mold manufacturing technology, intelligence, beneficiary , efficient direction. 中文翻译:现代模具制造一、 冲压模具发展历史和技术水平状况 1953年,长春第一汽车制造厂在中国首次建立了冲模车间,该汽车厂于1958年开始制造汽车覆盖件模具。我国于20世纪60年代开始生产精冲模具。走过漫长的发展道路,目前我国已形成约300多亿元(未包括港、澳、台的统计数字。)各类冲压模具的生产能力。形成了如浙江宁波和黄岩地区的“模具之乡”;广东一些大集团公司和乡镇企业迅速崛起,科龙、美的、康佳等集团纷纷建立了自己的模具制造中心;中外合资和外商独资的模具企业现已有几千家。随着与国际接轨的脚步不断加快,市场竞争的日益加剧,模具的生产和设计已经越来越认识到产品质量、成本和新产品的开发能力的重要性。模具制造技术现已成为衡量一个国家制造业水平高低的重要标志,并在很大程度上决定企业的生存空间。目前我国冲压模具无论在数量上,还是在质量、技术和能力等方面都已有了很大发展,但与国民经济需求和世界先进水平相比,差距仍很大。在国际竞争的局势下,我过的模具工业得到飞速的发展,很多的专门模具研究中心不断的建立起来,模具结构和钢材的研究取得了显著的成就,但还是存在很大的差距。 一是进口模具大部分是技术含量高的大型精密模具,而出口模具大部分是技术含量较低的中低档模具,因此技术含量高的中高档模具市场满足率低于冲压模具总体满足率,这些模具的发展已滞后于冲压件生产,而技术含量低的中低档模具市场满足率要高于冲压模具市场总体满足率; 二是由于我国的模具价格要比国际市场价格低许多,具有一定的竞争力,因此其在国际市场的前景看好; 三是近年来港资、台资、外资企业在我国发展迅速,这些企业中大量的自产自用的冲压模具无确切的统计资料,因此未能计入上述数字之中。 二现代模具制造技术的发展方向 现代模具技术的发展应该为适应模具产品“交货期短”、“精度高”、“质量好”、“价格低”的要求服务。达到这一要求急需发展如下几项 (1)全面推广普及DBD/DBM/DBE技术 模具DBD/DBM/DBE技术是模具设计制造的发展方向。随着微机软件的发展和进步,普及DBD/DBM/DBE技术的条件已基本成熟,各企业将加大DBD/DBM技术培训和技术服务的力度;进一步扩大DBE技术的应用范围。计算机和网络的发展正使DBD/DBM/DBE技术跨地区、跨企业、跨院所地在整个行业中推广成为可能,实现技术资源的重新整合,使虚拟制造成为可能。 (2)高速铣削加工 国外近年来发展的高速铣削加工,大幅度提高了加工效率,并可获得极高的表面光洁度。另外,还可加工高硬度模块,还具有温升低、热变形小等优点。高速铣削加工技术的发展,对汽车、家电行业中大型型腔模具制造注入了新的活力。目前它已向更高的敏捷化、智能化、集成化方向发展。 (3)模具扫描及数字化系统 高速扫描机和模具扫描系统提供了从模型或实物扫描到加工出期望的模型所需的诸多功能,大大缩短了模具的在研制制造周期。有些快速扫描系统,可快速安装在已有的数控铣床及加工中心上,实现快速数据采集、自动生成各种不同数控系统的加工程序、不同格式的DBD数据,用于模具制造业的“逆向工程”。 (4)提高模具标准化程度 我国模具标准化程度正在不断提高,估计目前我国模具标准件使用覆盖率已达到30%左右。国外发达国家一般为80%左右。 (5)优质材料及先进表面处理技术 选用优质钢材和应用相应的表面处理技术来提高模具的寿命就显得十分必要。模具热处理和表面处理是否能充分发挥模具钢材料性能的关键环节。模具热处理的发展方向是采用真空热处理。模具表面处理除完善应发展工艺先进的激光表面处理等技术。 (6)模具研磨抛光 将自动化、智能化模具表面的质量对模具使用寿命、制件外观质量等方面均有较大的影响,研究自动化、智能化的研磨与抛光方法替代现有手工操作,以提高模具表面质量是重要的发展趋势。 ( 7)模具自动加工系统的发展 这是我国模具工业长远发展的目标。模具自动加工系统应有多台机床合理组合;配有随行定位夹具或定位盘;有完整的机具、刀具数控库;有完整的数控柔性同步系统;有质量监测控制系统。作为用户当然要选合适的设备,如果选型不当,不但不能赚钱反而令陷入为机器打工的苦涩局面。 三现代模
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