高考单选.ppt

高考常见的几种 结构 MultipleChoice解题技巧 一 独立主格结构 独立主格结构有一个独立的主格名词或代词 作逻辑主语 加上分词 现在分词或过去分词 形容词 副词 介词短语或不定式等构成 起状语作用 相当一个状语从句 1 theywillgoandvisitthezoo A WeatherpermittingB WeatherpermittedC WeatherbeingpermittedD Weatherhavingpermitted Shanghai86 A Iftheweatherpermits theywillgoandvisitthezoo 2 Themeeting over wealllefttheroomanddrovehome Shanghai87 A isB tobeC beingD wouldbe C Afterthemeetingwasover wealllefttheroomanddrovehome 独立主格结构还有以下几种构成方式 4种 1 名词 或主语代词 过去分词Herushedintotheroom hisfacecoveredwithsweat 2 名词 或主语代词 形容词Theweather being hot weallwentswimming 3 名词 或主语代词 介词短语Flagonshoulder thesoldiersrushedtothetopofthebuilding 4 名词 或主语代词 副词Theclass being over thestudentshandedintheirpapers practice 1 wedecidedtogoforanouting A WeatherpermittingB WeatherpermittedC IftheweatherisfineD Weatherbeingsofine D Becausetheweatherwasfine wedecidedtogoforanouting Iftheweatherpermits wewilldecidetogoforanouting 2 thereisnoschool A ItisSundayB ItwasSundayC ItwillbeSundayD ItbeingSunday D ItisSunday sothereisnoschool BecauseitisSunday thereisnoschool 3 Theexperiment theyleftthelaboratory A hadbeendoneB wasdoneC havingdoneD done D Aftertheexperimentwasdone hadbeendone theyleftthelaboratory 4 Thelastbus wehadtowalkhome A hasgoneB hadgoneC goneD havinggone D Becausethelastbushadgone wehadtowalkhome 5 Night westartedonourwayhome A settinginB setinC hadsetinD hassetin A Whennighthadsetin westartedonourwayhome 6 Hewaslyingonthegrass hishands underhishead A crossingB crossedC werecrossingD werecrossed B Hewaslyingonthegrassandhishandswerecrossedunderhishead 二 with 复合宾语 结构 这是独立主格的一种变形 也多作状语 表示伴随 状态 原因 条件等 有时还可作定语 形式为 with 名词 或代词 宾语补足语 1 Themurdererwasbroughtin withhishands behindhisback A beingtiedB havingtiedC tobetiedD tiedMET91 D 2 Formilesaroundmetherewasnothingbutadesert withoutasingleplantortree A insightB onearthC atadistanceD inplace Shanghai97 A 在该结构中 能作宾补的除以上的过去分词和介词短语外 还有副词 形容词 现在分词等 如 Withtheoldmanleading thetwostartedtowardsthemountains Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulthaneverwithallthelightson Hewentawaywithoutawordmorespoken practice 1 Withallthechildren athomeduringtheholidaysshehasagreatdealofworktodo A beingB wereC havingbeenD was A 2 allhisfriendsandmoneygone hefelttotallyhopeless A ForB BecauseofC WithD Butfor C Becauseofallhisfriendsandmoneyhavinggone hefelttotallyhopeless 3 Theyoungwomangotonthebus A babyinanarmB withababyinherarmsC withherbabyinarmD herbabyinthearm B babyinarm 三 动名词结构 一个动名词短语前可以加上一个物主代词或名词所有格 来表示这个动名词的逻辑上的主语 这种结构称为动名词结构 它通常用作主语 宾语 表语 1 Howaboutthetwoofus awalkdownthegarden A totakeB takeC takingD tobetaking MET93 C 2 IcanhardlyimaginePeter acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays A sailB tosailC sailingD tohavesailed MET91 C 3 Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis Dr TurnerinsteadofMr Turner A beencalledB calledC havingcalledD beingcalled D 4 Iwouldappreciate backthisafternoon A youtocallB youcallC yourcallingD you recalling NMET92 C 1 这一结构不处于句首 常常用人称代词宾格 或名词普通格 代替物主代词和名词所有格 Idon tlikethemsmoking Iremembermothertellingusastoryaboutafox 2 如果动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的东西 只用普通格 Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthegame 3 当动名词有一个以上的逻辑主语 亦只用普通格 HesuggestedHanzandPaulgoingonacamping 1 Theoldman s pityonthesnakeledtohisowndeath A takeB takingC beingD have B 2 Tominsisted totheparty A onmetocomeB onmycomingC metocomeD mecoming B 3 doesn tnecessarilymeanmybeingwrong A YouarerightB YoubeingrightC YourbeingrightD Youtoberight C 4 madethesituationextremelyhardforus A LiMinghadleftB LiMingleftC LiMinghavingleftD LiMing shavingleft D 5 WhatIworriedaboutwas A theynothavingstudiedwellB theyhadn tstudiedwellC theirnothavingstudiedwellD nottheirhavingstudiedwell C 四 疑问句 不定式 结构 疑问句 不定式 结构相当于一个名词 常用在tell advise show findout decide discuss learn forget等动词或介词后作宾语 1 LastsummerItookacourseon A howtomakedressesB howdressesbemadeC howtobemadedressedD howdressestobemade MET90 A 2 Therearesomanykindsoftape recordersonsalethatIcan tmakeupmymind tobuy A whatB whichC howD where NMET92 B 该结构亦可作主语 且常作单数看待 Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet A isnotdecidedB arenotdecidedC hasnotdecidedD havenotdecided A hasnotbeendecided 1 Thequestion hasbeenworryinghimrecently A whereistogoB wheretogoC wheretogotoD wherewashetogo B practice 2 Wemustworkoutaplanon withtherubbishassoonaspossible A whattodoB whattodealC howdoingD howdealing A 3 Ididn tknow himornot A whethertohelpB iftohelpC tohelpD ifthatIwouldhelp A 4 Doyouknow therepairs A todoB howtodoC tomakeD howtomake B 5 thisexperimentisknowntous A WhotodoB WhomtodoC HowtodoD Whattodo C 6 Thequestionwas totakethechildrentothetheatreortoleavethemathome A howB howeverC ifD whether D 五 插入语结构 插入语一般仅对一句话作一些附加的解释和说明 而与句子的其他成分之间没有语法上的关系 常见的插入语结构有 Ithink Ihope I mafraid Ibelieve Isuppose yousee youknow doyouthink doyouknow 1 Whichdoyouthinktastes thechickenorthefish A wellB goodC betterD best MET96 C 2 Wehaven theardfromJaneforalongtime Whatdoyousuppose toher A washappeningB tohappenC hashappenedD havinghappened MET91 C 此外一些不定式短语totellyouthetruth 现在分词短语strictlyspeaking judgingfrom by也可用作插入结构 1 fromthisfact hemustbeanhonestman A JudgingB JudgedC JudgesD Judge A practice Judgingfrom by Speakingof Talkingof Franklyspeaking 2 Generallyspeaking the arerespectedbycommonpeople A learningB learnedC learnD beinglearn B learned博学的 3 WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset hernewbicycle Shanghai97 A AsshelostB LostC LosingD Becauseoflosing C LosinghernewbicyclemadeMarysoupset 六 Therebe 结构 Therebe 名词词组 状语 结构 1 noneedforustodiscusstheproblemagainsinceithasalreadybeensettled A IthasB TherehasC ItisD Thereis Shanghai91 D 2 acertaindoubtamongthestudentsastothenece