短文填词技巧.doc

短文填词一解题思路：1定意：通读全文，了解大意。培养学生到整篇文章中去寻找需要的信息的能力。2定性：分析句子的句法结构，确定词性。3定形：分析句子的时态、语态，和句法结构来确定用词形式。从近几年武汉市中考中填词主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词，也是语言使用最为活跃的词类。它们的用法较多，灵活性较强，因此，在平时教学中除帮助学生对意义相近的词进行积累以外应对这几类词的一词多义、一词多性，如help，work，right，keep，stay，need，interest等熟练掌握。二易考词性出现背景：1. 名词1）名词出现的背景动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、冠词之后、数词之后例：So George ordered him into the back s_ and got behind the whee1例：Martin was a minister in a church, and it was three v_ away from Catherines2）名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。2. 动词1） 动词出现的背景主宾或介宾之间的动词be动词后的动词：进行时与被动语态；情态动词之后缺动词；并列关系中的动词；主谓分离后的谓语动词形式；分词后置作定语：过去分词和现在分词。例：Bill didnt agree with his father，because he t_ it was too late例：One night，after a_ a birthday party，Ann walked home along the quiet road例：Young Tom was d_ a picture in his room when his mother came in 例：Bell，who later moved to Canada，s_ all his spare time experimenting andworking例：the boys t_ by their parents at home are cleverer than the ones who arestudying at schoo12） 动词词形技巧：主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、过去式、现在分词及其过去分词形式。)还是填动词的非谓语形式(不定式，ving，过去分词)3. 形容词1） 形容词出现的背景作表语、作定语、用在某些动词后作宾语补足语例： if you are h_ to them，they11 believe you more例： f_ people in that village care about their parents now than ten years ago2）形容词词形技巧：主要考虑形容词原形、比较级、最高级形式。4. 副词1）副词出现的背景A句首例：G_ speaking，middle school students complain about their teachers andparentsB在含有助动词与实义动词构成的时态结构之间例： he realized that he had a_ fallen in love with Catherine and he wanted to marry herC在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式例： I like singers who can sing the words c_例：Catherine realized that he had not understood her c_.例： I found him running a_，nobody together with him D. 在所修饰的形容词，副词，介词短语之前。2). 副词词形技巧：主要考虑形容词原形、比较级、最高级形式。三必备词汇用法对所填词定性、定形可能是一般学生最头痛的问题。我们教师除了教会学生如何分析最基本的句法结构之外，还可以在词意和用法的积累方面给学生一些帮助。今天我重点就如何帮助学生解决“想不出来”的问题谈谈我自己的看法。我主要是在平时教学中要求学生对相同或相关意义的词进行积累，同时，也对首字母相同的，但意义或用法不同的词，并在填词中出现机率大的必备词汇的用法进行区别。1接动词原形的词，常见的有：can，could，may，might，must，will，would，should，be going to，make，let，have，would rather，had better， why not等。2.可接动词也可不定式又可接动词ing的有：feel，find，look at，see，watch，notice，hear + do/ doingremember，forget，mean，stop, go on + to/ doing等。3一般只接ving作宾语的动词及短语：admit， avoid，beget used to，be fond of, be proud of/ take pride in， consider, cant help, bear, stand, dream ofabout, depend on, enjoy, escape, finish, feel like, give up, have difficulty/ a problem/ trouble/ a hard time, have fun/ a good time, hear ofabout, imagine, keep on, look forward to, mind, miss, practice, put off, suggest, stand, set about, think ofabout4. 可接形容词作表语be，get，look，turn，go，become，smell，sound，taste，remain，stay，keep，make，5. 首字母相同，意义或用法不同的词(1)behind，back (2)agree，answer (3)between both (4)rise reach，raise (5)die，death，Dead (6)lie，lay (7)strict，serious (8)chance，change (9)full，fill (10)feel，fall (11) lively，lovely (12)luc