黑龙江省七台河市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解指导性选练一.docVIP

黑龙江省七台河市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解指导性选练一2016高考选练-阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。doctors have a new weapon in the battle against obesity (过度肥胖) a talking plate that tells people not to eat too quickly. the mandometer monitors the amount of food leaving the plate, and tells users, “please eat more slowly.”the 1,500 swedish device is to be used in a national health service plan to help hundreds of obese families lose weight. it comes in two parts a scale placed under the plate and a small computer screen showing a graphic（图表） of the food gradually disappearing as the user eats. a red line on the screen shows the users eating speed, while a blue line shows a healthy rate. if the user eats too fast, the red line angles away from the blue one, warning him or her to ease off. if the lines deviate (偏离) too much, the computer voice comes on, and the screen flashes the message “are you feeling full yet?” to remind users to think about whether they have had enough.britain has an increasingly serious obesity problem, with one in four adults and one in seven children classed as obese. after a recent trial using the device, experts believe teaching obese people to eat more slowly will help them know when they are full. around 600 families with at least one obese parent and child (aged five or older) were targeted in the project by bristol university, along with gps and nurses. professor julian hamilton-shield, who is leading the plan, says obese children and adolescents using the mandometer ate from 12 to 15 percent less per meal at the end of the 12-month trial. six months after they stopped using the device they still ate less, and continued to lose weight. “it will be a powerful tool to help families retrain their eating habits,” he says.1. what does the red line on the screen show?a. a healthy rate of eating. b. too much food is left. c. the users eating speed.d. the user is full.2. what can we infer from the text?a. the device can help obese people form good eating habits.b. every family will have such a device soon.c. this device is the best way to lose weight.d. people will no longer worry about obesity. 3. the underlined phrase ease off is closest in meaning to _.a. to become less tense b. to eat more slowly c. to remove gently and slowly d. to stop4. which of the following is true, according to the text?a. 25% of children are obese in britain. b. one in seven adults is obese in britain.c. children using the mandometer ate less after the trial. d. six months after the trial, obese people are still eating a lot.参考答案14、cabc【湖南省长沙市长郡中学2016届高三下学期第六次月考】 it is a familiar scene these days: employees taking newly laid-off co-workers out for a drink for comfort. but which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless or the still employed? on march 6, researchers at a conference at the university of cambridge heard data suggesting its the latter. brendan burchell, a cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across europe. the data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. although a newly jobless persons mental health may “bottom out after about six months, and then even begin to improve, the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse, burchell says. evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stress during times of insecurity because they sense an immediate but invisible threat. patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety, for example, while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from-even if the result is cancer. its better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. when the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight response, whichleads to damaging stress. but not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view, burchell says. in general, women get on better. while reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned, women scored lower in stress on the ghq 12, even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing. as burchell explains, “for women, most studies show that any job-it doesnt matter whether it is secure or insecure-gives psychological improvement over unemployment. burchell supposes that the difference in men is that they tend tofeel pressure not only to be employed, but also to be the primary breadwinner,and that more of a mans self-worth depends on his job.28. why do researchers think the still employed deserve sympathy more? a. they have to do more work since then. b. they have no chance to find better jobs. c. they have to work with inexperienced workers. d. they constantly worry about losing their jobs.29. what is most likely to cause a “fight or flight response? a. not having a paid job. b. fierce competition for jobs. c. not knowing what will happen. d. pressure to work longer hours.30. what will the writer talk about following the last paragraph? a. advice on preparing a job interview. b. advice to those in insecure industries. c. some knowledge of psychology. d. difference in men and women.31. what could be the best title for the text? a. is it less stressful to get laid off than stay on? b. should greater sympathy be given to the jobless? c. do employees bear more stress than ever before? d. do men or women show higher levels of anxiety?【答案】28.d29.c30.b31.a【解析】试题分析：本文讲述了在职的人比下岗的人精神压力更大，更需要同情。28.d细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse可知，担心下岗的在职的人员的精神状态会越来越差。故选d。29.c 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句when the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight response, which leads to damaging stress.可知，当不确定一直继续的时候，人们会一直处于“逃跑还是战斗”的反应当中。故选c。【名师点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解题中属主旨大意题，是深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题具有概括性、针对性、醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。一、确定最佳标题的方法在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇，看选项内容是否切中文章的中心论题，也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。如31题，文章反复出现的单词是stress，这与选项a中的stressful相照应。二、寻找文章的主题句了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题句。本文的中心句在首段的末句but which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless or the still employed? on march 6, researchers at a conference at the university of cambridge heard data suggesting its the latter.这就是对标题“is it less stressful to get laid off than stay on?”的回答。考点：考查经济说明文阅读2016高考选练-阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。no one else knew about the extra club in zach nashs golf bag. it belonged to a friend, and zach forgot it was there as he played his way to victory in a junior tournament（锦标赛）this summer in wisconsin, us.the 14-year-old accepted his medal, celebrated with grandparents who had come from a long way to watch. but when he stopped by his country club to share the news, a professional player noticed something wrong. “count your clubs,” he told the teenager.fifteenone more than allowed. zachs eyes filled with tears.if zach had just won a basketball championship or a soccer game and someone had discovered a violation after the win, it would not have mattered. it is nothing unusual for a soccer player to dive to the turf to draw fouls（假摔以使对方犯规）.golf is different. in a win-at-all-costs world, the game holds itself to a higher standard. golf isnt a game where referees watch closely. in golf tournaments, dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hope to see each shot. competitors call penalties（处罚）on themselves. “it was a sport for gentlemen, and gentlemen did not care about winning. they care about doing the right thing,” said robert simon, a golf coach at hamilton college in new york.honesty became a medal of honor. when one of the games early stars, bobby jones, was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 us open, he replied: “you might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank.”so even the error had no effect on zachs final scorehe has never used the extra club. the teenager packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail. “but this was golf, and rules are rules. i just knew what i had to do,” he said. then came another tournament. before teeing off(开球), zach counted his clubsfour times.25. what can we infer from the text? a. a friend put an extra club in zachs bag secretly. b. breaking the rules has become acceptable in some sports. c. zachs grandparents discouraged him from calling a penalty. d. zach regretted sharing the news with the professional player. 26. according to robert, golf is different from other sports in that _.a. honor comes before victory b. players are superior to coachesc. referees have to watch each shot d. players usually do whatever it takes to win27. what can be learned from the underlined sentence in paragraph 7?a. one should be praised for not robbing a bank. b. bobby looked down upon those criminals.c. little did bobby care about the penalty. d. observing rules demands no praise.28. why did zach count his clubs four times before the following tournament?a. he felt stressful. b. he was forgetful.c. he remembered the lesson. d. he lacked self-confidence.参考答案25-28badc 2016高考选练-阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。some years ago, three brothers left the farm to work in the city. they were all hired by the same company and on the same pay. three years later, jim was being paid $500 a month, frank was receiving $1000, but george was making $1500. their father was confused and decided to visit the employer. after listening to the father, the employer said, “i will let the boys explain for themselves.” jim was called to the office and was told, “jim, i learn the far east importers has just brought in a large transport plane loaded with japanese import goods. will you please go over to the airport and get a cargo inventory(运货清单)?” three minutes later, jim returned to the office. “the cargo was one thousand bolts(卷) of japanese silk,” jim reported. “i got the information over the telephone from a member of the crew.” when jim left, frank, the $1000 a month brother, was called in. an hour later, frank was back in the office with a list showing that the plane carried 1000 bolts of japanese silk, 500 transistor radios(晶体管收音机), and 1000 hand painted bamboo plates. george, the $1500 a month brother, was given the same instructions. working hours were over when he finally returned. “the transport plane carried one thousand bolts of japanese silk,” he began. “it was on sale at sixty dollars a bolt, so i took a two-day choice on the whole lot. i have telegrammed a designer in new york offering the silk at seventy-five dollars a bolt. i expect to have the order tomorrow. i also found five hundred transistor radios, which i sold over the telephone at a profit of $2.30 each. there were a thousand bamboo plates, but they were of poor quality, so i didnt try to do anything with them.” when george left the office, the employer smiled. “you see,” he said, “the future is full of promise for one who shows initiative.”29. the best title of this passage is _.a. the story of three brothersb. the importance of doing market researchc. a business deald. a clever employer30. according to george, how much money did he expect to get for his company?a. $1,150b. $61,150c. $16,150d. $76,15031. according to the passage, which of the following best explains the meaning of the underlined word “initiative”?a. doing a lot of extra work without complaining b. having patience in difficult situations without giving inc. having the sense of marketing and economicsd. making decisions and take action actively without being told to 参考答案2931 acd 【由湖南省2014高考十三校联考第二次考试改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。washington the head of the world bank says for the first time in human history, it is possible to end poverty around the worldjim yong kim told a washington audience tuesday, he wants to make ending world poverty by 2030 a top goal for the bank and governments around the worldworld bank president jim yong kim says that the problems of poverty, hunger and inequality are wide, urgent and a matter of survival of millionswe know that despite the great successes of the last decade, there are still about 13 billion people living in extreme poverty, 870 million who go hungry every day, and 69 million children under five dying every year, he saidbut kim told a washington audience that the previous successful efforts to cut the number of people living in extreme poverty by half give them hopewe are at an auspicious moment in history, when the successes of past decades and an increasingly favourable economic outlook （前景:） combine to give developing countries a chance-for the first time ever-to end extreme poverty within a generation, he said in a speech at georgetown universityour duty now must be to ensure that these favourable circumstances are matched with deliberate decisions to realize this historic opportunitykim says success will require increasing the speed of economic growth, particularly in south africa and south asiabut he warned that civil unrest （动乱） could happen if economic growth does not help people at all income levels, and also include