大学实用英语综合教程

TextAExercises ReadingAloud UnderstandingtheText ReadingAnalysis Vocabulary Structure Translation TA main Readthefollowingparagraphuntilyouhavelearnedthembyheart Ifyouwantsomething sayit Iwanthelp Iwanttoborrowahundreddollars Iwantyoutostophasslingme Ifyouwanttodatesomebody tellher Yousay Youarethemostfascinatingpersonatthiswholeparty Iwouldliketotakeyouout Whatdoyousay Kidsgetwhattheywantbecausetheyaskforit Itispartoftheircharm Whenwearehonestlikechildren peoplefindusmorecharmingtoo Also ifyoudon tknowsomething behonestaboutit Itissoexasperatinglisteningtoteachers colleagues parents andother experts whopretendtohavealltheanswers Peoplealwaysrespectthepersonwhoisabletosay Idon tknow Readthefollowing ReadingAloud Answerthefollowingquestions Understandling Answer 1 WhatdoestheauthorthinkMaryshoulddo 2 Whyshouldpeoplebehonestaccordingtotheauthor 3 Insteadofbeinghonestwhentheymakemistakeswhatdopeopledo 4 Whatwillhappentoyouifyouarehonestwithpeople 5 Whatisstrangeabouttheauthor sfriendwhocametoseehimrecently 6 Howcanwegetwhatwewant 7 Howdoyoushowrespectbothtoothersandtoyourself UnderstandingtheText TopicsforDiscussion Doyouagreethathonestypaysoff Arethereanysituationsinwhichyouhavetolie Ifoneofyourgoodfriendsweretocheatononeexamination wouldyoubehonestandreportittotheteacher Whyorwhynot Topics 1 Readtext 1 PartTopicParagraphMainIdea ReadTextAagainandcompletethefollowingtable Honestymakes Honesty thingssimple 1 5 Whenpeoplehaveproblems canbetheeasiestsolution beinghonest People sattitudetowardshonesty 6 7 Ifyou theywillappreciateyoumore arehonestwithpeople Say whatyouwant 8 11 Whenyouwantsomething you dbetterandsayit behonest directly Thesummary 12 paysoff ReadingAnalysis Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow Changetheformswherenecessary Vocabulary Fillin1 1 admirealternativecommonexpertlengthmeanwhileproposalrentsocialsolution Wemadea n tobuildanewshoppingcenter buttoourdisappointmentitwasrejected 2 Theforthehouseis 250permonth butIdon thavetopayforfood theyoungwomantoldhermotherquitehappily 3 Theschoolorganizedmanyactivitiesforthevisitingstudents 4 Ourgardenisverysmall It snomorethan12metresin Mr Smithtoldhisvisitor 5 Thegovernmenthastosaythattherearenoeasytotheproblemsinthiscountry proposal rent social length solutions Vocabulary Vocabulary Fillin1 2 WecantakeaboattoFloridaor asan wecanflythere Heshouldn thaveriskedhislifejusttosaveacatbutyouhavetohiscourage Hereweare sittingaroundarguingaboutpolitics thefightinggoesonandpeoplearegettingkilled WearehonoredtohaveProfessorHawkingwithustoday Heisoneoftheworld sleadingonphysics Theydisagreedonmanyissues butfoundsomegroundintheirconcernforpoorchildren 6 7 8 9 10 Meanwhile common admire experts alternative admirealternativecommonexpertlengthmeanwhileproposalrentsocialsolution Fillintheblankswiththeexpressionsgivenbelow Changetheformswherenecessary Vocabulary Fillin2 1 giveittosb straightgotogreatlengthstodosth hangaroundhave incommoninanutshellinsteadofpayofftellitlikeitis She ssoafraidofherunclethatshetoavoidhim Theytwothings theyarebothEnglishandtheyarebothleft handed thesituationisthatsaleshavefallenandwehavetosellthecompany AtleastRozalwayssoyouknowwhatshe sthinking 1 2 3 4 givesittoyoustraight Inanutshell goestogreatlengths Vocabulary Fillin2 2 Hehadspentseveralweekstheclub 俱乐部 makingfriendswiththerestofthegroup Heworkedveryhardduringthefirsttwoyearsincollege allthathardworkwhenhecameouttopofhisclass Hisworkisnotverygood sowhenyouseehim Don tbeafraidthathemaybeangry Whydon tyouhelpmewiththehouseworksittingandwatchingTValldaylong 5 6 7 8 hangingaround paidoff insteadof tellitlikeitis giveittosb straightgotogreatlengthstodosth hangaroundhave incommoninanutshellinsteadofpayofftellitlikeitis CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglish Structure complete1 1 Model It snotthathumanitywillloveyoumoreifyoudon ttelllies butthathonesty withtact istheeasiestsolution 1 It snotthatshe sreallyangry butthatshe sverytired It snotthatthehouseistooexpensive 2 butthatitisnotbigenough 而是她很累 而是它不够大 It snotthattheyaskedtoomanyquestions 3 butthattheywereextremelyrude 而是他们极其粗鲁 Structure Structure complete1 1 butthattheyworrytoomuchintheprocess 4 It snotthattheycannotdoitwell 不是他们做不好这个工作 butthatIhavepromisednevertotellitto 5 It snotthatIdon ttrustyou anybodyelse 不是我不信任你 butthathe stooyoung 不是他不够聪明 6 It snotthathe snotintelligent StudythefollowingexampleandthentranslateeachofthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish Structure complete2 1 Model 如果他说 我丢了工作 我需要工作 我本可以帮他 Hadhesaid IlostmyjobandIneedsomework Icouldhavehelpedhim 假如他处在你的地位 他可能也会这样做的 1 Hadhebeeninyourposition he dprobablyhavedonethesame 如果你当时提醒了我 我可能就不会忘了 2 Hadyouremindedme Imightnothaveforgotten Structure complete2 1 如果我们赶上了10点钟的火车 我们本来午餐时间就会到了 4 Hadwecaughtthe10o clocktrain wewouldhavegottherebylunchtime 如果他这学期努力的话 他本可以通过考试的 5 Hadheworkedhardthisterm hecouldhavepassedtheexamination 如果我们听从了他的建议 可能就避免了这场灾难 3 Hadwefollowedhisadvice wemighthaveavoidedthedisaster TL1 TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish 1 这两个毫无共同之处的人成了朋友 这倒不是因为他们从一开始就互相喜欢 而是因为他们曾在一起工作 互相帮助过 Thetwo whohavenothingincommon haveactuallybecomefriends It snotthattheylikedeachotherfromtheverybeginning butthattheyhaveworkedtogetherandhelpedeachother 在阅读中碰到生词时 查词典是一种解决办法 还有一个办法是根据上下文 context 猜测单词的意思 2 Whenyoumeetnewwordswhilereading lookingupthewordsinthedictionariesisonesolution Anotheralternativeistoguessthemeaningfromcontext Translation TL2 与其不辞辛苦地在书里翻找 你还不如上网 theInternet 去查 Insteadofgoingtogreatlengthstocheckinbooks you dbettersearchontheInternet 如果他实话实说 就不会有今天这样的尴尬场面了 4 Hadhetoldthetruth hewouldn thavebeeninsuchanembarrassingsituation 5 他的老板拒绝给他涨工资 并同时向公司提议解聘他 Hisbossrefusedtoraisehispay Meanwhileheproposedtothecompanythattheyfirehim 3 6 简而言之 你的努力一定会得到回报的 Inanutshell youreffortwillpayoff GR1 GrammarReview 非真实性条件句 TheSubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气是一种动词形式 表示说话人的愿望 假设 怀疑 猜测 建议等 虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实 在非真实性条件句中 假设的条件与事实相反 或实现的可能性很小 或讲话人主观上对此表示怀疑 谓语动词使用虚拟语气 构成说明 例句 表示与现在事实相反 if从句的谓语动词用一般过去时 主句的谓语动词用should would could might等加动词原形 1 表示与过去事实相反 if从句的谓语动词用过去完成时 主句的谓语动词用should would could might等加动词完成时 2 IfIknewhernumber Iwouldtelephoneher 我要是知道她的电话号码 就会打电话给她了 Iwouldn tbuythebookifIwereyou 我要是你的话 就不买这本书 IfIhadbeenwithoutyou Ishouldneverhavegotaticket 要是没有你 我决不会弄到一张票的 IfIhadknownhowdifficultthejobwas Iwouldn thavetakenit 我当时要是知道这项工作有多么困难 我就不会接受它了 GR2 构成说明 例句 表示与将来事实相反 if从句的谓语动词用wereto V 主句的谓语动词用would等加动词原形 3 从句中的情况与过去的事实相反 主句中的情况与现在事实相反时 if从句的谓语动词用过去完成时 主句的谓语动词用should would could might等加动词原形 从句中的情况与现在事实相反 主句中的情况与过去的事实相反时 if从句的谓语动词用一般过去时 主句的谓语动词用should would could might等加动词完成时 4 Ifsheweretotryharder shewouldpasstheexamination 如果她再努力些 她会通过考试的 Ifthepoliceweretocatchhim he dspendatleastsevenyearsinprison 如果警察捉住他 他至少要蹲7年监狱 IwouldhaveneverbeenabletofinishthosetwomilesifIwereyou 如果我是你的话 我绝不可能跑完那两英里 从句中用过去时 表示事实与现在相反 主句用过去完成时 表示事实与过去相反 Ifthedoctorhadbeencalledearlier shewouldstillbealivetoday 要是当时早一点去请医生的话 她今天仍然会活着 从句中用过去完成时 表示事实与过去相反 主句用过去时 表示事实与现在相反 GR5 Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbgiven 1 IfI be you Iwouldreconsidertheirproposal were 2 It sgoodthatTomremindedmeabouttheparty I forget ifhehadn tmentionedit wouldhaveforgotten 3 Ifyou dlistenedtome you notfail theexamination wouldn thavefailed 4 I dhavesentyouapostcardwhileIwasonholidayifI have youraddress hadhad dhad 5 Ifhisuncle be stillalive hewouldbeahundredyearsoldtoday were was GR6 6 Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey drive afewmorekilometers haddriven 7 Ifyouweretocometomorrow I have timetoseeyou might should wouldhave 8 You be muchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice wouldbe 9 Whatwouldyoudoifyou see aninjuredbird saw 10 IfI speak tohimyesterday Iwouldknowwhattodonow hadspoken PW1 PracticalWriting PersonalLetters 2 Thesedays increasedaccesstothetelephoneande mailhasresultedinpeoplewritingfewerletters butpeoplestillenjoyreceivingandreadingletters Knowledgeofappropriatestylesoflanguageisanimportantsocialskillandonethatteacherscanhelpstudentsdevelop Ifyouarewritingaquicknotetoafriend youdonotneedtoworrytoomuchaboutusingthecorrectformatortoincludeyouraddress Givenbelow however isthelayoutforapersonal love letter InformalStyle PW2 1735StantonAve Richmond VA22045May15 2004 MyDearCheryl Lovingyouissoeasy TherearesomanyreasonswhyIloveyou Thelittlethingsyoudo thesimplegesturesyoumake thefeelingsandthoughtsthatyousharewithme Iadorethewayyoulook thewayyoumove andyourinfectioussmile Therearesomanythingstoloveaboutyou DoyouknowIloveitwhenyoudaydreamandyouthinknooneiswatching DoyouknowIlovethewayyoureyessparklewhenyoutellafunnystory DoyouknowthatIlovetheshapeofyourears Icouldgoonandon It simportanttomethatyouknowthatIloveyou andhowmuchIloveyou Sowhateveritisthatyouaredoing thinkingorsaying asyougoaboutyourday knowthatIamtherewithyou lovingyou MuchLove Nathan PW3 Friendlylettersdonothavetobeasformalorseriousasbusinessletters sincenormallytheywillbewrittentopeopleyouknow Itisstillagoodideatokeepyouraudienceinmind however don tuseslangifyouarewritingtoyourprofessorsorbosses ortoomanyformalexpressionsifyouarewritingtoaclosefriend Forexample DearFudge Hey howisitgoinginFlorida Hopeyou rehavinggreatweather Youwouldn tbelievethesnowywinterwe vehad Yuk Imissgoingtotheparkintheafternoon So what snewwithyou Areyougoingtotryoutforanyspringsports Whatnewgamesdidyougetforyourbirthday Hopeyouenjoyedthegiftwesentyou Can twaituntilwecomedowntovisityouatspringbreak Let sgotoUniversalStudiosagain Catchyoulater Scooter PW4 DearUncleAdam ThanksverymuchfortheCDvoucheryousentmeformybirthday Iboughtthesoundtrackfrom Titanic withit forIreallylovedthemovie We vegotaweek longstudybreakinJune andMumsaidImightgetmoreworkdoneifIcamedownandstayedwithyou Shedoesn twantallmymatestokeepringingmeupandaskingmeout CouldIcomedownonSaturday the8th andstayfortheweek Youdon tneedtopickmeupfromthebusstation I llgetataxi Ifthat scoolwithyou givemeabuzzthisweekendandI lltellMumshecanrelax Seeyousoon Ihope Luv Teri PW5 Keepthegeneralpointsinmindwhenwritingyourletter don tincludeboringdetailsornodetailsatall Inadditiontotellingyournews encouragethepersontoreplytoyoubyaskingthemsomequestionsandshowinganinterestinwhattheyaredoing ContentoffriendlylettersThiswilldependonwhomyouarewritingtoandwhatthepurposeofyourletteris Ifyouarewritingtotellsomeoneaboutthenewtownyourfamilyhasmovedtoortheholidaythatyouhavejustreturnedfrom thentheseeventswillformthemainfocusofyourletter PW6 Putthefollowingpartsintoproperorder Intheendwefoundabeautifulapartmentwithabalcony 阳台 anditwascheap Unfortunately weonlyhadfourdaysofourholidayleft 2 Webookedsomeroomsinahotelinthevillage butwhenwearrivedatthehotel wewereverydisappointed Itwasveryold ratherdirtyandwecouldn tseethesea So wedecidedtochange 3 DearChris 4 Love 5 Anyway Imustgoandunpackmysuitcase Iwillwriteagainsoon 6 Thanksforyourlastletter IamreallysorryIdidn twritebackearlier butIhaveonlyjustgotbackfromholiday IwentwiththreefriendstoalittleplacecalledMojacarwhichisnearAlmeria butitwasn texactlywhatweexpected 7 Natalia8 Thenexthotelwasperfect ItwasverycleanandithadthebiggestswimmingpoolIhaveeverseen Buttherewasoneproblem itwastooexpensive Westayedonenight butthenitwastimetochangeagain SuggestedAnswer PW7 SuggestedAnswer 3 DearChris 6 Thanksforyourlastletter IamreallysorryIdidn twritebackearlier butIhaveonlyjustgotbackfromholiday IwentwiththreefriendstoalittleplacecalledMojacarwhichisnearAlmeria butitwasn texactlywhatweexpected 2 Webookedsomeroomsinahotelinthevillage butwhenwearrivedatthehotel wewereverydisappointed Itwasveryold ratherdirtyandwecouldn tseethesea So wedecidedtochange 8 Thenexthotelwasperfect ItwasverycleanandithadthebiggestswimmingpoolIhaveeverseen Buttherewasoneproblem itwastooexpensive Westayedonenight butthenitwastimetochangeagain 1 Intheendwefoundabeautifulapartmentwithabalconyanditwascheap Unfortunately weonlyhadfourdaysofourholidayleft 5 Anyway Imustgoandunpackmysuitcase Iwillwriteagainsoon 4 Love 7 Natalia PW8 WritealettertoyourfriendSarahbasedontheinformationgivenbelow SuggestedAnswer Thankherforthecardandmoneyshesentyouforyourbirthday Tellherhowyouwillusethemoney Yourmailingaddress 64RobinRoad Cambridge RH258PX Exercises Answerthefollowingquestions 1 Whydidthewoodcutteralwayswhistlehappily 2 Howwasthewoodcutterworkingoneday 3 Whathappenedtotheaxewhenthemantrippedoveraroot 4 Whocametohelphim 5 Whatdidthewaterfairydoaftersheunderstoodhistrouble 6 Whatdidthewoodcuttersaywhenhesawthesilverandgoldaxes 7 Whatwasthewoodcutter sreward 8 Whydidthewaterfairyrewardhim TextB Exc1 a 1 Istillrememberthegoodolddayswhenwesometimessatonthebridgewatchingtheriverflowing 2 Thiskindofweedwillkeepifitisnotremovedattheroot Raisinghisstickanditatthedoorman theoldmansaidhehadnevermetsucharudemaninhiswholelife TextB Exc2 a beneath Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow Changetheformswherenecessary beneathdozenechomissingreappearshakesilentsilversinksteel reappearing shaking 4 Shehadgivenmeanincompletelist Atleastadozennameswerefromit missing 5 TheTitanic 泰坦尼克号 wasap