江苏省南京市玄武区高考英语 暑假基础训练（2）.doc

南京市玄武区2014高考英语（暑假基础训练（2）附答案(*)many adults see teens as energetic. many of us see ourselves as proud. this thinking _1_ many adults and us to have the idea that if we cant handle school or _2_ life well，we are just not trying hard.but in my opinion that may not be _3_.earlier this school year, i was leaving my class one friday _4_ suddenly it _5_like i had pulled a muscle in my back. i knew i was ill.after a few days i stopped eating. this meant i lost _6_ ；the clothes that i bought two weeks earlier began _7_ loose. this time my parents got scared._8_，i started sleeping less. my eyelids(眼皮)were constantly _9_ .i refused to _10_ that i was ill. i kept my job working 25 hours a week in a shop；i didnt _11_ any classes. when i was hurting, i didnt mind and kept on going. _12_ it kills you, it makes you stronger, right?but now i find myself thinking. is it _13_ it? im taking the classes and working for the newspaper because it does good _14_ college applications. and im working 25 hours a week so that，once i get into my dream school，i can _15_ it.here i am, already sick from the _16_ of work im doing in and out of school. so，what good is a(n) _17_ application if im badly ill? what is the _18_ of doing this work if i cant enjoy the results?in fact，by writing my _19_ im telling all the people who _20_ much about the future to worry about it now.为了使自己的大学申请表更具吸引力，作者带病学习、工作。后来作者对这种舍本逐末的做法作出了自我反省。1a. makes b. forces c. causes d. intends答案：c。空处动词和后面的带to的不定式构成搭配，由此可排除a，make后要求跟不带to的不定式作宾补；cause sb. to do sth.“促使某人做某事”，符合语境；尽管force可以构成这种复合结构，但“迫使某人有某种想法”和语境不符合。2a. still b. even c. just d. yet答案：b。上文的school与下文的life之间存在递进关系，故选用even。3a. true b. real c. wrong d. false答案：a。由下文可知，作者认为这种想法不见得是正确的、符合客观实际的。true表示“符合事实，是真的而不是假的或捏造的”，real表示“人或事物真实存在的，而不是想象的或虚构的”。4a. while b. when c. then d. how答案：b。语境“我正要离开教室，恰在此时突然感觉像是背部抽筋了。”考查“.be doing sth.when.”这一典型句式，其中when是并列连词，意为“就在此时(突然)”，故选b。 5a. looked b. sounded c. appeared d. felt答案：d。“我”突然感觉背上好像抽筋了，feel like固定词组“感觉像，觉得好像是，想要”。6a. face b. hope c. weight d. direction答案：c。由上文可知，几天不吃饭“体重”当然下降。7a. hanging b. holding c. changing d. dressing答案：a。 前两周刚买的衣服开始变得宽松。hang loose固定词组，保持镇静、松驰、放松，在此表示衣服宽大、松弛的样子。8a. in fact b. in addition c. in disorder d. in general答案：b。更糟糕的是，作者开始失眠。根据篇章结构，此处应为表递进关系的短语。in addition“另外”符合行文逻辑；in fact事实上；in disorder混乱；in general通常，一般而言。9a. light b. shut c. open d. heavy答案：d。由常识可知，睡得少会感觉眼皮很重，故用heavy。10a. insist b. determine c. accept d. consider答案：c。“我”拒绝接受生病的事实，继续长时间地工作和学习。accept接受；insist坚持；determine决定；consider考虑。11a. lose b. drop c. give d. take答案：b。“我”没有旷过任何课。drop class “旷课”，符合语境。12a. unless b. if c. though d. before答案：a。“我”固执地认为：生活中的磨难如果能置人于死地，它也能使人更坚强。13a. paid b. similar to c. equal to d. worth答案：d。但现在“我”在思考，这样做“值得”吗？14a. at b. to c. on d. with答案：b。“我”如此努力地学习和工作是因为为了让大学申请表看起来更吸引人。do good to“对有利”。15a. control b. manage c. support d. afford答案：d。这样拼命工作，一旦作者上了理想的大学，就能支付得起所需费用。afford“付得起(费用)”。16a. amount b. set c. kind d. number答案：a。我现在因病早已不能做校内外的大量的工作。the amount of.意为“的数量”，这里指“工作的量(大)”，不可数，因此不能用number。17a. suitable b. impressive c. believable d. usual答案：b。我病得这么重，申请表再吸引人又有什么用呢？impressive“有吸引力的”，与上文does good前后相照应。18a. reason b. idea c. point d. tip答案：c。如果不能享受结果，“我”做这些工作又有什么意义呢？point意义，道理；reason原因；idea想法；tip末端，建议。19a. time b. work c. newspaper d. story答案：d。my story在此处意为“我的亲身经历”。20a. think b. care c. miss d. realize答案：b。事实上，通过写“我”的经历，“我”想告诉所有关注未来的人，更应关注现在。*结束.单项填空1(2012北京四中高三模拟)mary，you look confused.have you made sense of the passage we are talking about?yes，i_another problem just now.ahave thought ofbwas thinking ofcthought of dhad thought of解析：选b。答语句意为：嗯，刚才我正在思考另一个问题。由答句的时间状语just now可知应用过去进行时，表示“刚才”正在发生的事情。2(北京市昌平区高三上学期期末质量抽测)_i saw him，i know he is my former friend，henry.aa second bthe secondcfor the second din a second解析：选b。句意：“见到他的那一霎那，我就知道他是我从前的朋友，亨利”。the moment/minute/instant/second等表时间的名词短语可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，故选b。3so far this year we_a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.asaw bseechad seen dhave seen解析：选d。so far到目前为止，需与现在完成时连用。句意：到今年目前为止我们已经看到房价下跌了5%10%。4the cultural exchanges between the two countries help to_the understanding and friendship between the two peoples.aincrease braisecadd dpromote解析：选d。句意：两国间的文化交流有助于促进两国人民的理解和友谊。increase增长；raise抬升，抬起；add增加，加上；promote促进，促销，提升。5(2012福建福州三中模拟)people should stop using their cars and start using public transport.exactly.the roads are too crowded_.aas it is bas a resultcas usual das possible解析：选a。句意：人们应该停止使用私家车，转而使用公共交通工具。对极了！现在这个状况，路太拥挤了。as it is意为“照现在这样子，就目前而言”。6hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health.it may also be good for _ building.arespect bfriendshipcreputation dcharacter解析：选d。考查名词辨析。根据常识便可知运动既可增强体质也可强健个性，不会增强尊敬或名声，友谊可以增强，但与前面health不搭配，故答案为character。7john hasnt done well in his studies，but his tutor did his best to pull him_.aaway bdowncthrough din解析：选c。句意：john学习成绩不好，而他的导师为帮他过关尽了最大努力。pull away脱身，离开，逃出；pull down拆毁，摧毁，推翻；pull in(火车)进站，到站，停站；pull through“渡过难关”，符合句意。8fitness is important in sport, but of at least _importance are skills.afair breasonablecequal dproper解析：选c。考查对常用形容词的辨别和应用能力。“but of at least equal importance are skills”应理解成“but skills are of at least equal importance(技术至少同样重要)。9“neal，listen，” she said，looking straight at him.“i ask you not to get_in this kind of matter.its none of your business.”acaught binvolvedcattached dconnected解析：选b。句意：“尼尔，听着”，她直视着他说道：“我请你不要参与这件事，它与你无关。”get involved in意为“涉及，卷入，参与”；get caught in指突然遭遇(雨、雪、火灾、地震或交通堵塞等)；attach常用于be attached to结构，表示“附属于，喜爱某物”；connect常用于be connected with结构，意为“与有联系，与有关”。10how would you like your coffee?_aits well done.bvery nice.thank you very much.cone cup.thats enough.dthe stronger，the better.解析：选d。前者询问的是对方想要怎样的咖啡，故答语用d项，表示“越浓越好”较为吻合。11franklin is not coming tonight.but he_.apromises bpromisedcwill promise dhad promised解析：选b。现在franklin不打算来了，但“他答应过要来”应发生在过去，故用一般过去时。12(2012福州一中月考)as we know，many europeans_the continent of america in the 16th century.aexplored bdevelopedcopened out duncovered解析：选a。explore“探险”，句意：据我们所知，16世纪许多欧洲人到美洲大陆探险。13(安徽合肥一中期末)it seems as if they are going to _us a lot of money for the party hall.acost baskcdemand dcharge解析：选d。句意：他们似乎要对宴会厅收取我们很高的费用。cost花费，价钱为，使失去；ask(for)询问，请求；demand强烈要求，需要；charge(for)要价，收费。14the manager, knowing his factorys products were poor in _， decided to give his workers further training.aquantity bamount cdeal dquality 解析：选d。考查名词辨析。句意：经理知道他的工厂生产的产品质量较差，于是决定对工人进行进一步培训。从句意看，产品质量很差符合，故选d。15make sure the gas is turned off after a bath，which would_cause danger.asomehow bmeanwhilecotherwise dfurthermore解析：选c。考查副词辨析。句意为：洗澡后要确保关掉煤气，否则这会产生危险。otherwise否则，要不然。somehow不知何故；meanwhile同时，在此期间；furthermore而且。*结束when i spent christmas away from home in europe for the first time, i was only 14 and it was absolutely horrific. i am now married and live in the us. so there is little possibility for me to go home for christmas. now i am able to get through christmas with some moments of joy:first, you are advised to search you area for stores that carry items from your home country or town. buy food, candles and some other things that mean something to you.hold on to the traditions from your home that you think are important even if other people think they are stupid. but keep in mind to be open for new traditions from wherever you might be, because those traditions are as important to those people around you as yours are to you. for me that includes celebrating christmas on the 24th.call, write christmas cards, buy gifts and mail them to loved ones, just as if you were there. if you try to pretend as if the holiday doesnt exist, you are just going to make it worse.introduce your traditions to your loved ones, especially your kids. it will only enrich their celebration of the holiday to have some unique traditions in their home. little by little it will become their tradition and its fun for them to try something new.find clubs, churches or organizations that are from your home country. chances are that they will have some celebration with some of your traditions which you can join in.food is one of the most important factors in any kind of tradition. find the recipe of that cake your grandmother used and make it your tradition to bake that particular cake.call up your parents and get them to send you some of your favorite childhood ornaments (装饰品) for your tree.embrace new traditions, talk to your family about which ones you want to make your own and stick with them.if you are far away from home, christmas can never be the same as you experienced it before, but it is important to remember these traditions while appreciating the new ones. keep an open mind and find a compromise between old and new traditons.68. the author spent his 14th christmas _. a. unpleasantly in the usb. joyfully in the us c. unpleasantly in europe d. joyfully in europe69. why does the author advise people to hunt in some special stores? a. because people can buy some discounted goods there. b. because people can feel less homesick there. c. because its an old christmas tradition. d. because they offer goods from the hometown of the people.70. which of the following statements does the author agree with? a. its great for children to have some unique traditions. b. people should join in all kinds of clubs to celebrate christmas.c. people should give up traditions which are stupid in other peoples eyes. d. it is popular to celebrate christmas on the 24th around the world.71. the author suggests giving a call to parents on christmas mainly to _.a. express love to themb. follow the traditionc. ask for some ornaments d. set an example for children参考答案 cdac*结束for a 400-year-old art form, opera had a bad fame: overweight actresses singing the words which were hard to understand in one of those romance languages you were supposed to learn in high school. and with tickets costing as much as 145 a performance, opera goers also had a certain appearance in peoples mind: rich, well-dressed and old.but now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audience.opera producers have found that to attract this crowd, they need to associate opera with common people. that means no formal suits, old-style theatre or bank breaking ticket prices. and because young people dont or wont come to the opera, companies are bringing the opera to them, giving performances in such usual places as parks, libraries and public schools.the houston grand operas choice is the public library, where it performs “mobile operas”, shortened version of child-friendly operas. this summers production is hansel gretel. by performing smaller versions of large productions, producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable level. the san francisco opera, which will be celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, is staging cinderella free of charge, keeping costs down by employing students from its young artists training program.72. which of the following is the main idea of this passage?a. opera is famous for is history. b opera is only for rich people.c. opera companies are trying to keep operas alive. d. young people are not interested in operas.73the underlined part in paragraph 2 most probably means _.a. breaking up the old rules b. changing the dressesc. making the audience at ease d. advertising themselves74. the san francisco opera employs young students in order to _.a. attract young people b. reduce the costc. celebrate its 75th anniversary d. make cinderella popular75what can you infer from the passage?a. the tickets for opera are very expensive at present.b. opera is performed in a language difficult to understand.c. opera is not so popular an art form today.d. students enjoy performing operas very much.参考答案 cabc*结束water pollution and manwater pollution affects mans health, recreational use of water and sense of beauty.the spread of water-carried disease is of great concern. in highly developed countries in particular, emphasis has changed from concern over bacterial disease to concern over water-carried viral(病毒性的) disease. viral hepatitis(肝炎), for example, has been found to occur more frequently in cities whose water supplies have comparatively high levels of water impurity. poisonous chemicals found in streams that are ultimately used for water supplies also create an important public health problem.it is clear that poisonous chemicals must be excluded from water, but more and more chemicals from new pesticides(杀虫剂), fertilizers, and other new products have been found in water. since the public health importance of these chemicals is not yet fully known, they are of increasing concern. the chemicals from fertilizers are also finding their way into water supplies from pollution.as mans desire for water-based recreation increases, greater demands are placed on the quality of the water. the water must not only but be attractive in appearance but also meet certain other conditions. sports such as swimming involve direct contact with water, and so water standards are raised higher.the range of water quality necessary for industrial processes varies greatly with the intended use of the water. the water used in steel mills, foe example, must have a lower chloride(氧化物)level than that accepted for drinking water. cooling water can often be of comparatively low sanitary(卫生的)quality. a large part of the water used in the paper-making industry an be of relatively low quality in some aspects, but must contain little iron and carbon dioxide.67. the chemicals from pesticides and fertilizers found in water are of increasing concern because_.a. their importance to mans health has not been completely knownb. they may cause groundwater pollutionc. they can find their way into water supplies for farmersd. they are important factors contributing to the spread of disease68. according to the passage, water-based recreation demands that_.a. the water contain a higher level of oxygenb. the water contain little iron and carbon dioxidec. the water be attractive and of high qualityd. the water standards be appropriate for all sports69. in the last paragraph, the author mentions all of the follow in its full text?_a. water quality necessary for steel mills b. soft water and hard water for industrialc. cooling water of low sanitary quality d. water standards for people mills70. as the passage is not complete, what do you think would follow in its full text?_a. the relationship between carbon dioxide and people makingb. water pollutions direct economic effects on man.c. examples of continued water pollution.d. mans views on water pollution in terms of beauty values.参考答案67-70 acbd *结束chicago (reuters) - smoking not only can wrinkle(起皱纹) the face and turn it yellow - it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on monday.the study, published in the archives of dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body - even skin protected from the sun.we examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced, dr. yolanda helfrich of the university of michigan, who led the study, said in a statement. in participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years, helfrichs team added in their report.the researchers teste