学案 (3).doc

Module 1 Life in the Future一. 核心单词1 alternative n. (二者当中)选一个， adj. (二者当中) 选其一的 alternate vt. 1 have no alternative but 除外别无选择 2 alternate between A and B 在A 与B 之间交替Ex. 1 _ ways 可供选择的两种方法 2 the alternative of going or staying _ (翻译)3 We _but to move. 我们除了搬家外别无选择。 4 Her mood alternated between happiness and despair. (翻译)_相关内容：根据汉语完成句子 1 He does nothing but _. 他只是一个劲儿的抱怨。2 I have no choice but _. 我别无选择只能和他一起去。2. risky adj. - risk vt.- risk n. 冒险，危险的1 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 2 take a risk risks of doing sth. = run the risk risks of doing 冒险做某事 Ex. 1. we dont want to _ .我们不想冒险失去他们的生意。3. load n. 负荷，重担 vt.装载，装填 1 a load of loads of 大量，许多 e.g.: She has got loads of friends. 她有很多朋友。bear the load 担负重任 ex. She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringingup her family.(翻译) 3 take a load off ones mind 使某人放心，解除思想负担 ex. Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind. (翻译)_.4 load sb.sth. down (with sth.) 给加以负担 e.g.: I was loaded down with the heavy luggage. 这件大行李把我压得挺不起腰来。4. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留 - arrester n. 捕拿者 - arrestee n. 被捕者 同形： employ vt. 雇佣 - employer n. 雇佣者- employee n. 被雇佣者e.g.: 1 The criminal was arrested yesterday. 罪犯昨天被捕了。 2 The police made three arrests yesterday. 警察昨天执行了三项逮捕行动。5. fire n 火，火灾 vt. 点燃，解雇 vi. 开枪，射击1 be on fire 在着火 2 catch fire 着火 3 set fire to sth. set on fire 放火烧5 put out the fire 灭火Ex. 选择合适的短语填空1 It took two hours to _.2 The house is _3 A candle _ the curtains _6. limit n 限制，界限 vt. 限制 - limited adj. 有限的 - limitless adj. 无限的limit sb. to (doing ) sth. 限制某人做某事 e.g.: I limit myself to three cups of beer a day. 7. charge n.费用 v. 收费，控诉 1 free of charge 免费的 e.g.: Delivery is free of charge. 2 take charge of 掌管 e.g.: He took charge of the farm after his fathers death. 3 charge sb.sth. for sth. 收费 e.g.: We wont charge you for delivery. 4 charge sb. with sth. with doing sth. 指控某人做某事（ 因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉）e.g.: He was charged with murder. 区分accuse : accuse sb. of doing sth. （当面指控，不一定诉诸法庭）e.g.: They accused him of taking bribes (受贿).8. attach vt. 附上，连接，使附属 . attached adj. . attachment n.1 attach sth. to sth. 把.固定 e.g.: Attach the stamp to the envelope. 2 attach yourself to sb. 参加，和在一起，缠着 e.g.: He attached himself to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him .3 attach importance to 重视 e.g.: It is unwise to attach too much importance to the information.二. 重点短语1. come into use 开始被使用e.g.: When did this word come into common use? 这个词是什么时候普遍使用起来的？1 be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 2 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事3 used to do 过去常常做 4 Its no use doing sth. 做某事是没用的Ex. 翻译：1 我以前长抽烟，但两年前已经戒了。_ 2 我习惯早起。 _. 3 木材可以用来制成纸。 _. 4 跟他争论没什么用。 _. 2. care for 喜欢，照顾 (较正式)e.g.: She moved back home to care for her elderly parents. (翻译) take care of 照料 爱护 care about 关注，担忧 Ex. 用正确的短语形式填空1 She _ environmental issues.2 who is _ the children while youre away?3. get rid of 除掉，处理掉，摆脱e.g.: 1 We should get rid of those old pictures. 我们应该除去那些就图片。 2 The young man made up his mind to get rid of his bad habit. 这个年青人下决心改掉他的坏习惯。4. run out 用完，用尽1 run after 追求 Hes always running after younger women.2 run away 突然离开，逃离 1 He ran away from home at the age of thirteen. 2 You cant just run away from the situation.3 run into sb. sth. 偶然遇见 Guess who I ran into today! 4 run out run out of 用尽，用完 run out : 其主语通常为时间，食物，金钱等名词 e.g.: His money soon ran out. run out of : 其主语通常为人 e.g.: He is always running out of money before payday. Ex. My money _. I must go to the bank to draw some of m savings out before Ive none in hand. A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run out D. is being run out5. for sure 肯定的（作状语）1 be sure of that 主语为人，主语感到“有把握的”2 be sure to do 主语可为人也可为物，表说话人的推测“ 一定，必然会”e.g.: 1 He is sure of his success. He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会成功 2 He is sure to succeed. 他会成功。 （说话人的意见）三. 重点句型分析1. Not all predictions come true. (部分否定)英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法： all 的否定式：not all（或：allnot）表示并非都、不是所有的都例如： 1 Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。 2 Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。 both 的否定式：notboth (或：both not) 并非两个都 例如： 1 I dont want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 2 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。 every的否定式：不是每都 例如： 1 Not every book is educative. 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 2 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 如要对上述的all, both, every词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如1 All of them can do it.- None of them can do it. 2 Both are good.-Neither is good. 3 Everybody likes it. -Nobody likes it. 2. I am too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future! 我现在忙于享受生活没时间为未来担忧！ tooto 表太以致不能. e.g.: Jim got up too late to catch the early bus. 在有些情况下有肯定的含义 1 当形容词为anxious, eager, easy， delighted ，glad， kind， pleased ,ready,，surprised和willing 等时，有肯定意义。 e.g.: She was too surprised to see snow in June. 她见到六月下雪太吃惊了。 2 如果tooto结构之前有not, never, only 等词，也没有否定意义 e.g.: Its never too later to learn. 活到老，学到老。四. 语法：进行时【时态的基本概念】时态是表示谓语动作时间概念的动词形式。英语中的时态专指谓语动词而言，不同时间概念的谓语动作有不同的时态，每一个时态又有各自不同的动词形式。1现在进行时：现在正在发生的动作或状态 am is are + doing1 表示说话时正在进行的动作或状态，一般与now, right now, at this moment, at present连用。e.g.: Im doing a word puzzle in this newspaper. Im trying to find the name of a famous person. Can you help me? 2 表示现阶段一段时间内在做的事， 但说话时未必在做e.g.: Im teaching part-time in a middle school. Ailsa is writing a story about herself.3 表示计划安排好的将来e.g.: Im meeting Peter at the airport this afternoon. Laura is flying to Hong Kong tomorrow.4 现在进行时同always配合使用时，带有厌恶、批评，不喜欢等感情色彩。e.g.: Im always losing keys. She is constantly disturbing me.5 非延续性动词用于进行时，表渐渐的，动作反复的e.g.: The bus is stopping. For lack of practice , I am forgetting the piano.2.过去进行时:过去某一时间或某段时间正在进行的动作。was were + doing1 表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作，常与then, at that moment, at that time 等连用e.g.: I was writing a letter when you phoned. What were you doing this time last night?2 表示过去将要发生的动作。E.g.: We were running out of the gas . It was getting dark when we arrived.3 表特定的情绪，常与always, forever, constantly 连用。E.g.: She was always ringing me up when I was in London. Joy was always complaining about her busy life.3. 现在完成进行时： 由过去开始，延续到现在并且可能继续进行的动作。现在完成进行时在句子中一般可以翻译成“一直”。 has have + been + doing1 表示动作的重复, 不是一直在不停的做，而是在断断续续的重复。E.g.: Youve been saying for a year that you will study abroad. I have been seeing Professor Brown recently.2 表示长时间的做某事 E.g.: I have been waiting for you for a long time. I have been looking forward to your letter for a whole year.3 表示强烈的表扬或厌恶感情色彩E.g.: Too much has been happening today. 今天真是一个多事的日子。4 将来进行时 will would be doing 1 现在将来进行时 表示将来某一时刻某一动作正在进行，或往往是因为已经做好安排，认为某事肯定会发生 e.g.:Tomorrow well be flying to Paris.2 过去将来进行时 e.g.:He said that he would be waiting for me outside. We would be flying to London the next day.【相关知识及运用】- 几种将来时的被动语态1.被动语态的动词形式问题：在语言实践中，语态和时态总是结合在一起使用，每一个时态都有同它相对应的被动语态形式。被动语态的基本形式：语态助动词be + 过去分词。凡需进行时态变化时，只将be 变为与其相应的时态形式，过去分词永远不变。动词do 的时态、语态形式变化对照表主动语态被动语态现在进行时am(is are )doingam (is, are) being + done过去进行时was(were) doingwas (were) being + done现在完成进行时have(has)been doing没有被动形式过去完成进行时Had been doing没有被动形式2. 时态语态基础训练（1）1. I dont think Jim saw me; he _ just _ (start) into space.2. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _ _(一直抓着) him but failed.3. -You were out when I dropped in at your house. -Oh, I_ _(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport. 4. - Why havent you asked her to come here? - She _(正在做工) an important experiment when I found her and she hasnt finished it. 5. - What were you up to when she dropped in?- I_ _(刚玩了一会儿)for a while and _ _ _ _(正打算看书) some reading.6. The crazy fans _ _ _(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived. 时态语态基础训练（2）1. The man opened his eyes and moved his lips, as if _ that he had something to tell the doctor. A. saying B. having said C. to say D. to have said2. The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to _ new challenges.A. be faced B. face C. facing D. faced3. Our car _ at the present speed until it reaches Qingdao at about nine oclock tonight.A. went B. is going C. goes D. will be going4. China is _ to_ continued help to Iraq in its reconstruction.A. willingly ; give B. willing ; giving C. willing ; offer D. will ; offering5. Unfortunately, when we dropped in, Doctor Li _ for Indonesia to rescue the injured there, so we only had time for a few words.A. has just left B. was just leaving C. had just left D. just left6. He _ fault with other people though he doesnt do his work properly.A. always finds B. has always found C. is always finding D. always found7. I _ for three hours when I suddenly became sick.A. had been working B. would work C. have worked D. am working 8. Why were you not at the concert? I _ a close game between two European football teams.A. watchedB. had watchedC. was watchingD. have been watching 2008年高考 1. -Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? （安徽卷） -Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match.A. is playing B. was playing C. has been playing D. had played2. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time! （湖南卷）A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked 3 Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. （江苏卷）A. is preparing B. was preparingC. had been preparingD. has been preparing4. Do you think we should accept that offer? （江西卷）- Yes, we should, for we _such bad luck up till now, and time _ out.A. have had; is running B. had; is runningC. have; has been run D. have had; has been run5. Have you got any job offers? No. I _.