江苏省高邮市送桥中学高中英语 Unit3 Science and nature Grammar and usage导学案（无答案）牛津译林版必修5.doc

m5unit3 grammar and usageperiod6learning points(学习目标)：1. to grasp the usages of the past participle and the past participle phrase.2. to finish some exercises about the past participle.important points and difficult points：to grasp the past participle as predicative(表语) and object complement（宾语补足语）.to grasp the past participle as attribute(定语) and adverbial（状语）.please fill in the blanks with the right form of the words:1. do you know the man _ (speak) at the meeting?2. do you know the man _ (praise) at the meeting?3. the building _ (put) up just now is our library.4. the building _ (put) up now will be our new company.5. the building _ (put) up next year will be our new company6. there was an old temple _ (stand) at the top of the hill.7. there is a sports meeting _ (hold) next tuesday.8. there was an old man _ (live) in the village.9. warmly _ (praise) for his work, he was too excited to fall asleep.10. once _ (arm), we are afraid of nothing.learning procedure:step1:grammatical functions of past participle动词的-ed形式具有副词、形容词的特征，在句中可作定语、表语、补语、状语等。i.v-ed used as attribute:(c级)1.位置:单个过去分词一般位于名词前,过去分词短语位于名词后,在功能上相当于一个定语从句。e.g.the stolen carwas found by the police last week.the speaker answered all the questionsraised by the audience.=the speaker answered all the questionsthat were raised by the audience.e.g.the_time can never be found again.时光一去不复返。this novel_ _ _has been sold out in a few days.= this novel_ _ _ _ _has been sold out in a few days.他写的小说几天就卖完了。2.不及物动词的v-ed式也可作前置定语，但只表完成,不表被动e.g.a retired worker一位退休工人 the risen sun升起了的太阳思考：(1)the problemdiscussed yesterdayhas something to do with daily life.（表被动完成）(2)the problembeing discussed nowhas nothing to do with daily life.（_）(3)the problemto be discussed tomorrowhas nothing to do with daily life.(_)ii. v-ed used as predictive(c级)1.过去分词作表语，多表示主语所处的状态，e.g.the window is broken.she was greatly excited.e.g.she felt _ with her performance on the high-and-low bars.(satisfy)the students are fully _.(prepare)思考：现在分词作表语与过去分词作表语的不同之处？_这类动词有哪些？_iii.v-edused as the object complement(b级)1.表“感觉和心理状态”的动词，如:see, hear, find, feel, think, watch, notice , etc.+ object(宾语) + v-ede.g. wesawthe thiefcaught by the police.2.使役动词:make, get, have, keep ,leave, etc.+ object(宾语) + v-ede.g. we mustgetthe table clothwashed.e.g. i ever_the song_in french.我曾经听人用法语唱这首歌。he managed to_himself_.他好不容易让别人明白了他的意思。思考：过去分词,不定式,现在分词作宾语补足语的区别？_iv.v-edused as the adverbial(b级)1.过去分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句e.g. asked why he didnt do it, he began to cry.=when he was askedwhy he didnt do it, he began to cry.completely_ by the doctor, he went back to school right away.经过医生彻底检查以后，他立刻回到了学校2.过去分词作条件状语相当于条件状语从句e.g. given more time, i could do it much better.=if i was given more time, i could do it much better._, water changes into steam.水加热时就会变成水蒸气.3.过去分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句e.g.born and brought upin the village, he knows a lot of people there.=because he was born and brought upin the village, he knows a lot of people there.e.g. _by yang liweis speech, the students are determined to study even better.a. deeply moved b. having deeply movedc. to be deeply moved d. moving deeply4.过去分词作让步状语相当于状语从句e.g. defeated many times, they continue to fight.=although they were defeatedmany times, they continue to fight.e.g. _ _in the countryside, he got used to the city life quickly.(bring up)尽管在农村长大，他很快适应了城市生活。5.表示方式和伴随情况时可以转换为一个并列的分句e.g the teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students.=the teacher entered the classroomand he was followedby a group of student.注：过去分词作状语时,为了使意义更加明确,也可以在分词前加上对应的连词when, while, as, once , if，although, though等；带有连词的过去分词结构相当于一个省略句,省略的部分为主语+be的相应变化形式.如：unless (the flowers are) watered, the flowers wont live through the winter.思考：(1) _the top of the hill, we can see a beautiful park.从山顶看,能看到一个美丽的公园。(2) _the top of the hill, the park is beautiful.从山顶看，公园很美丽。现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语有什么不同？_?.v-ed的独立主格结构动词-ed形式有时可有其独立的逻辑主语，构成“逻辑主语+v-ed”的结构在句中作状语e.g.everything done,we went home.all things considered, the planned trip will have to be called off.he was listening attentively in class, his eyes _ _the blackboard.（fix on）= he was listening attentively in class, and his eyes _ _ _ the blackboard.他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。.有些分词词组可在句中用作独立成分，不受逻辑主语的限制，如：giventhe general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.考虑到他平时的身体状况，手术后的恢复可能需要一段时间。frankly speaking,i dont agree with what he said.坦白地说，我不同意他所说的。more examples：_学习小结：过去分词的意义：_过去分词的功能：_step2: consolidation: finish the exercises below(课堂检测)1.how to do the homework, i went to ask my teacher for help.a. not to know b. not knowing c. knowing notd. not known2. deeply, i thanked her again and again.a. being moving b. moved c. moving d. to be moved3. with winter _on, its time to buy warm clothes.a. came b. comes c. come d. coming4. _the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.a. having shownb. showing c. has shownd. having been shown5. he went from door to door, _waste papers and magazines.a. gathering b. gathered c. gather d. being gathered6. the student corrected his paper carefully, _the professors suggestions.a. follow b. following c. followed d. being followed7. the _price will save you one dollar for each dozen.a. reduce b. reducing c. reduced d. reduces8. people _in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.a. live b. to live c. lived d. living9. the foreigner tried his best, but he still couldnt make his point _.a. understandb. understanding c. to understandd. understood10. the scientists were waiting to see the problem _.a. settle b. settled c. to settle d. settling11. the librarys study room is full of students _for the exam.a. busily prepared b. busy preparing c. busily prepare d. are busily preparing12. the ground is _with _leaves.a. covering, falling b. covered, fallingc. covered, fallen d. covering, fallen13. lessons _easily were soon forgotten.a. to learn b. learn c. learned d. learning14. the wallet_ several days ago was found _in the dustbin outside the building.a. stolen, hiddenb. stealing, hidingc. stealing, hiddend. stolen, hiding15. a person _ a foreign language must be able to use the foreign languageall about his own.a. to learn, to