江苏省扬州市梅岭中学中考英语《第24课时 八下 Unit 8 A great world》复习教案 牛津版.doc

第24课时unit 8【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1allow vt考点点拨 allow作动词，意为“允许”。(not) allow sb. to do sth. sbis(nt) allowed to do sth（不）允许某人做某事。如：this school doesnt allow students to use mobile phones.这所学校不允许学生使用手机。he is not allowed to stay out late.他不允许晚归。allow doing sth.允许做某事。如：we dont allow smoking in the room我们不允许有人在房间里抽烟。2depend vi考点点拨 depend意为“依靠，依赖，指望”，一般不用于进行时。它是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语。跟宾语时要加介词on或upon，主要用法如下：depend后面跟名词或代词，即：depend on/upon sb. /sth依靠指望某人某物。如：we depended on ourselves and overcame all difficulties.我们依靠自己的力量克服了所有的困难。后面跟带不定式的复合结构，即：depend on/upon sb. to dosth，意为“指望某人做某事”，可转换为depend on one(s) doing sth.。如：you cant depend on them to do it.you cant depend on their/them doing it.你不能指望他们做这件事。3harm vt考点点拨 harm用作及物动词时，意为“伤害，损害，对有害处”。如：i have never harmed anybody.我从未伤害过任何人。doctors say smoking harms our health医生说吸烟有害健康。harm还可以用作不可数名词，意为“危害，害处”。harmful形容词，意为“有害的”；harmless形容词，意为“无害的，不会导致损伤的”；do harm to be harmful to对有害。如：the drought did a lot of harm to the crops.干旱使庄稼遭到很大损害。it is harmful to your health to drink too much过量喝酒对你的健康有害。4. living adj考点点拨 living作形容词，意为“活着的，活的”，指长久存在，活力经久不衰，可用于人也可用于物，还可用于比喻。living在句中作定语时，既可前置也可后置。引申可作“现存的；在使用中的；逼真的；生动的”解。如：living things生物；living animals活着的动物the giraffe is the tallest of all living animals.长颈鹿是所有现存动物中最高的。living作形容词时，没有比较级或最高级。living还可以用作可数名词，意为“生活，生计”。指的是一种谋生的具体方式或手段，常和冠词a连用。what do you do for a living?你以什么谋生？he left his office job to try to make a living on the land.他辞去了办公室的工作，设法以务农为生。二、核心句型1. we can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room.当我们离开房间时，我们可以通过关掉灯来节能。考点点拨 turn off关掉（电源开关、水龙头、液化气闸阀等）。当宾语用名词表示时，可以放在turn off中间，也可以放在turn off之后；当宾语用代词表示时，只能放在turn off中间。类似用法的短语有：turn on打开（电源开关、水龙头、液化气闸阀等），turn up调大调高调亮，turn down调小调低调暗。如：do you mind if i turn off the light?我把灯关掉你介意吗？why is the light still on? please turn it off.灯为什么还开着？请把它关掉。2. for example, we are not allowed to cut down trees.例如，我们不允许砍树。考点点拨 cut down砍倒，通常指砍倒树木。宾语用名词表示时可以放在中间，也可以放后面；宾语用代词表示时只能放在中间。如：these trees are so beautiful. we wont cut them down.这些树这么美，我们不会砍倒它们。3. remember that everyone can do something to make a difference!记住每个人都能做一些事情让世界有所不同！考点点拨 make a difference (to sb./sth)（对某人某物）有影响起作用创造不同。如：one honest man can make a difference.一个老实人可能产生影响。does his absence make a difference to your work?他的缺席会影响你的工作吗？make no difference (to sb/sth)（对某人某物）没作用没影响无关紧要。如：flowers make no difference to this room这个房间里有没有花都没什么区别。三、重点语法一般将来时的被动语态在被动语态中，当动作还没有发生时，需要用一般将来时的被动语态结构。1一般将来时被动语态的肯定句的构成：（以动词help为例）the new film will be shown next thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。2一般将来时被动语态的否定句的构成：在助动词will或be going to中的be动词后面加not(可缩写)。the meeting wont be held tomorrow.会议明天不会召开。3一般将来时被动语态的一般疑问句的构成：将助动词will或be going to中的be动词移至句首，其他作相应变化。当主语是第一人称时，助动词will也可以用shall。肯定回答用“yes，主语+will.”或“yes，主语+am/ is/are”。否定回答用“no，主语+wont.”或“no，主语+am not isnt/arent”。如：- will the work be finished at once?这项工作会立刻被完成吗？- yes, it will.no, it wont.是的，立刻就完成。不，不会。4一般将来时被动语态的特殊疑问句的构成：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？对主语提问时句子结构为：特殊疑问词+will be/be going to be+过去分词？当主语是第一人称时，助动词will也可以用shall。如：when will these books be published?这些书将在什么时候被出版？who will be invited to our party?谁将会被邀请参加我们的聚会？【考点精练】一、单项选择( )1. (2014南京)were sure that the environment in our city_ greatly through our work in the near future. a improved b. was improved c has improved d. will be improved( )2. (2014成都)mum wants to watch the cctv news. lets _ the tv. aturn down b turn on c turn off( )3. (2014重庆)the little girl was crying because her mother didnt allow her _ the ice cream. a eat beats c to eat d. ate( )4. (2014遂宁)we are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it _ the weather. a keeps on bputs on c depends on( )5. (2014无锡)a little wine will not be_ to your health. just dont drink too much. ahelpful b helpless c harmful d harmless二、用所给单词的适当形式填空1. it makes no_ (different) to me whether you go or not.2. that man makes a_ (live) by writing.3. (2014盐城)next week a speech on art _ (give) by an artist in our school.三、根据汉语提示完成句子1(2014广州)为了进一步美化校园，下个月会在学校种很多树。next month many trees_ in our school to make it more beautiful.2那棵苹果树枯死了，所以他把它砍掉了。the apple tree was dead, so he_.3在我的城