贵州省遵义市高考英语二轮短文阅读类训练（6）.doc

遵义市2014高考英语二轮短文阅读类训练（6） 及答案或解析阅读理解 do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that its painful? this might be called laziness, but dr. kleitman has a new explanation. he has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. during the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you re hot. that s true. the time of the day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. for some people the peak comes during the forenoon. for others it comes in the afternoon or evening. no one has discovered why this is so, but it brads to such familar monologues as get up, john! youll be late for work a gain! the possible explanation to the trouble is that john is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realise what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. you cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. habit can help. dr. kleitman believes. maybe you re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. if your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. this wont change your eyery, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.get off to a slow start which saves your energy. get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. aviod the trouble- some search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your shaper hours. 1. if a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably_. a. he is a lazy person b. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle c. he is not sure when his energy is low d. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening 答案：d 指导：根据文中第二段，有些人的精力高峰出现在下午和晚上，所以让他早起很困难，a项“他是个懒人”、b项“他不遵守自己的能量循环”、c项“他不能确知他的能量何时最低”都不正确。2. which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage? a. unwareness of energy cycles. b. familiar monologues. c. a change in a family members energy cycle. d. attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members. 答案：a 指导：文中第二段最后一句话说：“当夫妻意识到什么是能量循环以及家中每个成员能量循环状况时他们就会停止吵架。”言外之意，他们吵架是由于他们没意识到什么是能量循环，即选项a正确。3. if one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should_. a. change his energy cycle b. overcome his laziness c. get up earlier than usual d. go to bed earlier 答案：c 指导：第三段最后一句话给出了本题答案。早起有助于你在精力低落时仍然高效工作。a项“改变能量循环方式”、 b项“克服懒惰”、d项“早睡”都不正确。4. you are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will_. a. help to keep your energy for the days work b. help you to control your temper early in the day c. enable you to concentrate on your routine work d. keep your energy cycle under control all day 答案：a 指导：第四段第一句话说，慢点起床可以让你节省能量，所以选a项。b项“控制体温”。c项“让你做日常工作时集中精力”、d项“让你的能量循环得以控制”都不正确。*结束完形填空words：353难度系数：建议用时：15分钟every morning a woman baked chapati, an indian cake, for her family and an extra one for a hungry passerby.she would place the extra cake on the _1_ for someone to take it.she noticed a hunchback (驼背) came every day and took the extra cake.instead of expressing _2_， he would mutter (嘀咕) the following words as he went his way: “the evil you do remains with you.the good you do comes back to you！”this went on day after day.the woman felt very _3_.one day, she decided to _4_ him.she added poison to the cake she prepared for him! as she was about to place it on the window, her hands _5_.she threw his cake into the fire _6_， prepared another one and put it on the window.as usual, the hunchback came, _7_ the cake and muttered the same words.the hunchback proceeded on his way, _8_ nothing about the fight in the mind of the woman.the woman had a son who had gone to a distant place to _9_ his fortune.every day, as the woman placed the cake on the window, she offered a _10_ for him.for many months she had no news of him and she prayed for his _11_ return.that evening, there was a knock on the door.opening it, she was surprised to find her _12_ standing there.he had grown thin and lean.his clothes and shoes were _13_.he was hungry, starved and _14_.looking at his mother he said, “mom, its a(n) _15_ i m here.when i was but a mile away, i was so starved that i collapsed (晕倒)i would have died, but for a whole _16_ an old hunchback gave me.”as the mother heard those words, her face turned _17_.she leaned against the door for _18_ .had she not burnt it in the fire, it would have _19_ her own son!it was then that she realized the _20_ of the words: “the evil you do remains with you.the good you do, comes back to you！”【解题导语】本文是一篇寓言故事。一位印度母亲每天在给家人煎饼时，都多煎一个，以便放在窗台让路过的饿着肚子的人吃。每天都是一个驼背老人来拿去吃了，吃后也没句感激之类的话，只是说：“恶有恶报，善有善报！”该妇女看后很是生气，第二天在给这人的饼里下了毒，但在其放到窗台时，手直发抖，故将毒饼扔进火中，再煎了一只饼。当晚其外出挣钱的儿子归来，告诉她，要不是一位驼背老人给了他一个完整的饼，他也许就没有力气走回家。1a.door broof cstone dwindow解析：选d。door门；roof房顶；stone石头；window窗户。根据第三段和第五段两度出现的place it on the window可知，该妇女是将多煎的那块饼放在窗台上，故选d。2a.concern bhope cgratitude dregret解析：选c。concern关注，关心；hope希望；gratitude感激；regret遗憾，后悔。驼背每天到窗台上来拿饼吃，这是受人恩赐，应该心存“感激”，故选c。3a.annoyed bdelighted cdisappointed drelieved解析：选a。annoyed生气的，恼怒的；delighted欣喜的；disappointed失望的；relieved如释重负的。驼背老人每天拿走这块饼，没有说什么感恩的话语，而只是唠叨两句这位妇女不太明白的“恶有恶报，善有善报” 的话。根据语意可知，b和d可排除。根据下文，该妇女准备害死这位驼背老人，显然其远远不只是“失望”，而是“气愤”，故选a。4a.do away with bget away with ckeep away from dturn away from解析：选a。do away with杀死，干掉；get away with偷携某物潜逃；keep away from远离，避开；turn away from拒之门外，不准进入。根据下句“she added poison to the cake she prepared for him！”可知选a。5a.ached bburnt cmoved dtrembled解析：选d。ach疼痛；burn发烧；move移动；tremble指“(因恐惧、愤怒、寒冷、体弱等)颤栗，发抖”。该妇女准备下毒，害死驼背老人。由于害怕，在将饼放到窗台时，手直“发抖”，故选d。6a.immediately bfortunately cpurposely dcarefully解析：选a。immediately立即，迅速；fortunately幸运地；purposely故意地；carefully认真地，小心地。根据下半句“prepared another one and put it on the window”可知，妇女由于害怕，打消了害死驼背人的念头，故是“立刻”将下毒的饼扔进火中烧掉，故选a。7a.checked up bpicked up cswallowed up dthrew up解析：选b。check up检查，核对；pick up捡起，拿起；swallow up吃掉，耗尽；throw up呕吐。驼背人像往常一样“拿起”窗台上的饼，故选b。8a.asking banswering cknowing dwondering解析：选c。ask问；answer回答；know知晓；wonder想知道。驼背人拿起饼后像往常一样赶路，丝毫不知这位妇女内心的斗争，故选c。9a.get bhave cseek dtell解析：选c。get得到；have有；seek寻求；tell说。seek ones fortune寻找发财的机会；tell ones fortune算命。妇女的儿子显然是出远门挣钱去了，故选c。10a.greeting bhello ckiss dprayer解析：选d。greeting打招呼，问候；hello问候；kiss吻；prayer祈祷。根据下一句的prayed可知，妇女是为儿子“祈祷”，故选d。11a.double bhappy csafe dwarm解析：选c。double双的；happy快乐的；safe平安的；warm温暖的。母亲祈祷的自然是儿子的“平安”归来，故选c。12a.daughter bhusband crelative dson解析：选d。daughter女儿；husband丈夫；relative亲戚；son儿子。根据上段可知，该妇女的儿子出远门挣钱去了，她是为儿子祈祷，归来的应该是她的“儿子”，故选d。13a.broken btorn cusual dwet解析：选b。broken破碎的；torn穿旧的，磨损的；usual正常的；wet湿的。儿子在外很长时间，衣服和鞋是“穿旧了、磨损的”，故选b。14a.strong bfree cthirsty dweak解析：选d。strong强壮的；free自由的；thirsty口渴的；weak体弱的。根据本句的hungry，starved以及上上句“he had grown thin and lean”可知，儿子是“消瘦、体弱”，故选d。15a.event bmiracle cmistake dsurprise解析：选b。event重大事件；miracle奇迹；mistake错误；surprise惊讶。根据儿子接下来的话语可知，其认为自己能够平安归来是“奇迹”，险些饿死在路途中。16a.cake begg cmeal dsupply解析：选a。cake饼，蛋糕；egg鸡蛋；meal一餐饭；supply供应。根据上下文多次出现的cake可知，驼背老人每天在妇女窗台上拿的就是“一块煎饼”，故选a。17a.black bgreen cpale dyellow解析：选c。black黑色；green绿色；pale苍白；yellow黄色。该母亲是被儿子的话吓得脸色“苍白” 一点血色都没有，故选c。18a.fear bstrength csupport dweight解析：选c。fear恐惧；strength力气；support支持，支撑；weight体重。要不是靠向墙，该妇女差点吓的晕倒在地上。该妇女靠着墙寻求“支撑”，故选c。19a.helped bkilled cmissed dsurrounded解析：选b。help帮助；kill杀死；miss想念，错过(机会)；surround包围。妇女要不是及时将下毒的饼扔进火中，毒死的将可能不是驼背老人，而是自己的儿子，因为驼背老人这天的饼给了归途中饥饿不堪的儿子。20a.value bsignificance cimportance dfunction解析：选b。value价值；significance意义；importance重要性；function功能，作用。这位妇女通过这一有惊无险的惊吓终于明白了驼背老人常说的“恶有恶报，善有善报”的“意义”，故选b。 *结束 psychologist george spilich and colleagues at washington college in chestertown, maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to“think and concentrate.” spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.in the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. in this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well.the next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine, active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.in the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.the fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. non-smokers remembered l9 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing- active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.“as our tests became more complex.” sums up spilich,” non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins”. he predicts, smokers might perform adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. a smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.”5l. the purpose of george spilichs experiments is . a. to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers b. to show how smoking damages peoples mental capacity c. to prove that smoking affects peoples regular performance d. to find out whether smoking helps peoples short-term memory52. george spilichs experiment was conducted in such a way as to . a. compel the subjects to separate major information from minor details b. put the subjects through increasingly complex tests c. check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers d. register the prompt responses of the subjects53. the underlined word “bested” in para. 5 most probably means a. beat b. envied c. caught up with d. made the best of54. which of the following statements is true? a. active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers. b. active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects. c. non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks. d. deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.55. we can infer from the last paragraph that . a. smokers should not expect to become airline pilots b. smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness c. no airline pilots smoke during flights d. smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases,参考答案 51-55 a b a c d*结束 i believe that animals possess greater intelligence than most people think. but plants? ive never considered the possibility of plant intelligence. the idea seems absurd.yet ive had friends argue that plant intelligence might exist. what are the differences between plants and animals? they ask, and then they argue about certain species that seem to share the intelligence of both plants and animals.new research suggests that plants communicate via networks. plant communication is not a new idea, and cannot indicate that its is a kind of intelligence, but it is still interesting.recent research from vidi researcher josef stuefer at the radboud university nijmegen shows that plants have their own chat systems that they can use to warn each other. therefore plants are not boring and passive organisms that just stand there waiting to be cut down or eaten up. many plants form internal communication networks and are able to exchange information networks and are able to exchange information efficiently.many herbal plants such as strawberries and clovers (三叶草)naturally form networks.individual plants remain connected with each other for a certain period of time by means of runners (plant stems that grow along the ground and put down roots to form new plants). these connections enable the plants to share information with each other via internal channels. they are therefore very similar to computer networks. but what do plants chat to each other about?recently stuefer and his colleagues were the first to prove that clover plants warn each other via the network links if danger is nearby . i