2014-2015年选修6-Module-5-Cloning语篇提能练习题及答案解析6份5-2.doc

语 篇 提 能.完形填空Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of friends? Either way, your genes and evolution may play a major _1_， US researchers reported on Monday.While it may come as no surprise that genes may help explain _2_ some people have many friends and others have _3_， the researchers said, their findings go just a little farther than that. “Some of the things we find are _4_ uncommon，” said Nicholas Christakis of Harvard University in Massachusetts, who helped _5_ the study. “We find that how interconnected your friends are _6_ on your genes. Some people have four friends who know each other and some people have four friends who dont _7_ each other. _8_ Dick and Harry know each other depends on Toms _9_，” Christakis said in a telephone interview.Christakis and colleague James Fowler of the University of California San Diego are _10_ known for their studies that show obesity, smoking and happiness spread in networks.For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that _11_ more than 1 000 identical(同卵的) and fraternal (异卵的) twins genes. Because _12_ share an environment, these studies are good for showing the impact that genes have _13_ various things, because identical twins _14_ all their genes while fraternal twins share just half.“We found there appears to be a genetic tendency to introduce your friends _15_ each other，” Christakis said.There could be good, evolutionary reasons _16_ this. People in the middle of a social network could be secret to useful gossip, _17_ the location of food or good investment choices.But they would also be at risk of catching effects from all sides in which case the advantage would _18_ more cautious social behavior, they wrote in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. “It may be that natural selection is _19_ not just things like whether or not we can resist the common cold, but also who it is that we are going to come into _20_ with，” Fowler said in a statement.1A.role Brule Croll Dpole2A.where Bwhy Cwhen Dhow3A.a few Bseveral Cfew Dsome4A.generally Bmainly Cmostly Dfrankly5A.conduct Bintroduce Cconflict Dinstruct6A.depends Bbases Ctakes Dputs7A.see Binspect Clearn Dknow8A.When BWhere CWhat DWhether9A.genes Bbrain Cappearance Dfigure10.A.better Bbest Cless Dleast11.A.recorded Billustrated Cdescribed Dcompared12.A.brothers Bsisters Ctwins Dcousins13A.with Bon Cfor Dto14.A.share Bhave Cown Dshow15.A.into Bto Cin Dfrom16.A.for Bwith Cto Dat17.A.in addition to Bdue to Cas for Dsuch as18.A.lie on Bbring inClie in Dsend in19.A.acting on Bputting on Crelying on Dsending on20.A.contract Bface Cjoin Dcontact答案与解析：1解析：你的基因及进化过程可能在这一问题上起着重要的作用(role)。B、C、D三项依次分别表示的意思是：规则；卷；棒、杆，语意上都不适合。答案：A2解析：研究人员称，用基因解释为什么(why)有些人朋友众多而有些人却寡朋少友，这其实并不新鲜。A、C、D项依次表示：在哪儿；什么时候；怎么样，语意和逻辑上均与语境不符。答案：B3解析：根据上一题的分析，此空应表示“很少，几乎没有”之意，即few。A、B、D三项都表示“有”。答案：C4解析：这里是说研究人员发现的一些现象的确很奇怪。frankly确实，说实话，坦诚地。A、B、C三项依次分别表示：大体上；主要地；大部分地。这些都不合语意。答案：D5解析：来自马萨诸塞州哈佛大学的Nicholas Christakis协助开展该研究。这里的“开展”研究，就是“做”研究，A项conduct“做，实施”，符合语意，而B、C、D三项的意思依次是：介绍；冲突；指示。答案：A6解析：我们发现一个人与朋友之间的亲密程度取决于这个人的基因，“取决于”：depend。B、C、D三项加上on之后的意思是：基础是；呈现；穿上。都不能和语境契合。答案：A7解析：结合语境：有的人有四个朋友而且互相了解；而有的人有四个朋友，但他们却互不了解(know)。A、B、C三项分别表示：看；检查；学会。答案：D8解析：迪克和哈利是否(whether)互相了解取决于汤姆的基因。A、B、C三项“何时；何地；什么”都不合逻辑。答案：D9解析：由上面的分析我们得知全文都是讲的“基因”，故这里应填A项genes(gene的复数形式)，而B、C、D三项依次表示的意思：大脑；外貌；形象。答案：A10解析：Christakis和他的同事James Fowler此前以研究肥胖、吸烟以及快乐会在朋友之间传播而十分著名，可以确定C、D两项错，因为它们表示否定含义：较不，最不；而这里也没有和那些人“比起来”之意，所以不选A项(better)。这里只是用形容词的最高级形式表示“很，非常，极其”来修饰known(出名)。故B项正确。答案：B11解析：Christakis及同事和Christopher Dawes of UCSD使用了一项全国性数据，这项数据对1 000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。因为是数据(data)，所以最令人迷惑的是A项recorded(记录)，但是这里讲到两类基因，所以比较合理的逻辑应该是compared(比较)。B、C两项所表示的意思依次是：举例证明；描绘。与上面的语境不契合。答案：D12解析：由于双胞胎生活在同一个环境中，而且同卵双胞胎的基因完全相同，而异卵双胞胎有一半的基因相同，所以这些研究有助于发现基因对人各个方面的影响。再加上上文出现的“双胞胎”(twins)可知选C。A、B、D三项的意思依次是：兄弟；姐妹；堂兄妹，都不合乎语境。答案：C13解析：由上一题的解析我们知道：that genes have _ various things，是定语从句修饰impact(影响)，而have an impact on是个固定词组，意思是：对有影响。A、C、D三项依次表示：和；为了；对于。都不与impact搭配。答案：B14解析：由第12题的分析我们得知此空填表示“有完全相同的基因”，这四个词中表示这个意思的只有share(分享，共同拥有)，B、C、D三项依次表示“有；拥有；表明”，都不合乎逻辑。答案：A15解析：我们发现人们在介绍朋友互相认识时有一个基因倾向性。“向介绍”用英语表示就是introduce.to .，也就是B项。introduce与into，in，from都不是合理的搭配。答案：B16解析：这种倾向性可以用合理的、进化方面的原因来解释。这里是表示“的原因”，也就是英语中的“reasons for”，而不是with, to, at。答案：A17解析：处于社交圈中的人们可能会对一些有用的信息保密，比如哪些地方有吃的，或者好的投资选择等，这里是举例，即选D项such as例如，A项表示：除此之外还有；B项表示：因为，由于；C项表示：至于。与语境都不能合理地吻合。答案：D18解析：好处只存在于更为谨慎的社交活动中，lie in存在于。A、B、D三项分别表示：躺在；引进；派人去请。这三项都不合适。答案：C19解析：句意：可能自然选择不仅对我们能否抵制一般的感冒有影响。此空应填上表示“有影响”的动词短语，就是act on。B、C、D三项依次表示：穿上；依赖；(向前)传递 或转发。和上面的语境不相契合。答案：A20解析：由上文的语境我们知道，此空需要填上表示“接触，联系”的名词，即D项：contact。其余A、B、C三项虽然都和with搭配，但都不表示“接触，联系”，它们依次表示：订合同；面对；连接。答案：D.语法填空阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Internet has become part of young peoples life. _1_ report shows that 38% of students often use the Internet . Most of them get _2_(use) information on the Internet _3_ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students dont use it _4_ a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites _5_ shouldnt look at. So bad things may happen _6_ students spend too much time on the Internet._7_ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, _8_ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use