2011年职称英语理工类A级阅读判断精华.doc

2011年职称英语理工类A级阅读判断精华(4)来源：123职称英语网 2011年11月10日Eruptions of Mount Saint HelensOn March 27， the US Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens. They telephoned all state and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time. Roads were closed to every one except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors away from the mountain.Shortly after noon on March 27， Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years. People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows， and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2，100 meters into the sky.Later， scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater （大坑） in the top of the mountain， not far from the old crater. The north side of the peak， now had a huge bulge （凸出部分） where rock and ice had been pushed out by the eruption.A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28. It， too， sent up a column of black ash high into the sky. By March 29， scientists flying over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from the first one. Strange blue flames flickered （闪烁） inside the crater and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other.By April 1 the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow on the north slope of the peak was black with ash. Ash carried by the wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint Helens.During the first week of April， Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about： harmonic tremors （震动） recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen. All during April and into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder （震动） and shoot out ash. By April 8， the two craters had merged to form a vast hole nearly a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep.Scientists main worry during this time was the growing bulge of rock and ice on the north face of the mountain. By May 7 scientists feared the worst. Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up safety zones around the mountain. The inner red zone was open to scientists only. The outer blue zone was open only to people who got special permits. But in spite of these warnings， some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.1 American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 pilots flying at the height of more than 2，100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 A new crater， which was to the south of the old one， was formed after the second eruption.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of Mount Saint Helens.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place in early May.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of foreign tourists.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2011年职称英语理工类A级阅读判断精华(5)来源：123职称英语网 2011年11月10日Motion SicknessLiving in space looks like lots of fun. You can do certain things in space （like floating around，or pushing huge objects） that you cannot do on earth. But being in space can do things to you，too. If you stay too long in a gravity-free environment，your bones could become weak，and a small spaceship just might annoy you after a while，because space travel could make you seasick！On July 4，1982，after seven days orbiting the earth，astronauts Thomas K. Mattingly and Henry W. Hartsfield returned home. Although not all of the experiments on board worked properly，the flight basically seemed to be a success except for one little thing： early in the flight，astronaut Hartsfield became seasick.Thomas Mattingly，who is also a jet pilot and is highly resistant to motion sickness on earth，did much better. Mattingly sailed through space with a steady stomach. But no one knows why Hartsfield felt uneasy and Mattingly did not.So far it seems there is no reliable way to predict who will become motion sick in outer space and who will not. in all，at least four astronauts have suffered from space motion sickness. Russian and American scientists are working together to try to understand and solve the motion sickness. Space program officials worry that if so many highly-trained pilots get sick in space，what will happen when civilians start flying in the shuttle？Motion sickness is a disagreeable feeling that comes from the pitching，rolling，swaying，or just the moving of the object you are riding in or on. Symptoms of motion sickness include： dizziness，headache，a sinking feeling in the stomach，and vomiting.Why does motion make some people ill？Doctors believe that motion sickness is caused by a disturbance in the inner ear. Our ears do more than give us hearing. A part of the ears gives us a sense of balance and helps make us aware of whether we are right side up or upside down.If you know that you get carsick or seasick，what can you do？Speak to your doctor. There are certain medicines available that can help stop that uneasy feeling. But many of them can also make you sleepy. Usually they work best taken before you begin feeling ill.Some people also recommend water，ice cubes，mints，or plain toast. But these remedies do not always work for everyone.Perhaps，since motion sickness is such a big problem in outer space，researchers may soon find a way to cure the astronauts - and those of us who stay on earth.16 Floating in space for too long a time may also do harm to ones lungs and heart.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 At the end of the flight，Hartsfield became seasick.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Mattingly was much thinner than Hartsfield.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Russian and American scientists are working together to solve the problem of motion sickness in astronauts.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Untrained civilians are more likely to suffer from motion sickness in a spacecraftA RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The motion sickness some astronauts suffered from during space travel had been caused by the defective digestive system.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 People suffering from motion sickness during space travel can alleviate its symptoms by eating or drinking something.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】1. C2. B3. C4. A5. A6. B7. C2011年职称英语理工类A级阅读判断精华(6)来源：123职称英语网 2011年11月10日Plants in DesertOnly special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert，for these are regions where the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75。 Furthermore，during the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the suns ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds which drive small，sharp particles of sand into the plants，tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant life，however，is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long，hot，dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right amount of rain falls. If no rain falls，or if insufficient rain falls，they wait until the next year，or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time that the water from the spring rains disappears just a few weeks after it falls such plants no longer need any.The perennials have special features which enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus，nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in a short time. The small shoot system，on the other hand，considerably limits water loss by evaporation.Another feature of many desert perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long，dry season，just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then，in next rainy season，they come fully alive once more，and grow new branches，leaves and flowers，just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.16. Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the desert mainly because of the changeable weather.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. Grasses and flow