冲刺高考英语书面表达必备短语151条.doc

冲刺高考英语书面表达必备短语151条1. 欣赏大自然的风景 to appreciate the scenery of nature2. 培养公德心 to cultivate the public mindedness3. 维护健康 to maintain health 4. 保护环境 to protect the environment5. 开拓视野 to broaden the horizon 6. 开拓心胸 to broaden the mind7. 调剂生活 to make life pleasant 8. 松散身心 to relax oneself9. 启迪心灵 to enlighten the mind10. 灌输知识 to impart knowledge into someone11. 追求理想 to seek after the ideal 12. 实现抱负 to realize ones ambition13. 守信用 to keep ones promise 14. 跟上时代 to keep up with the times15. 欣赏古典文学 to appreciate the classical literature16. 学习吉他 to learn guitar 17. 陶冶品德 to cultivate the character18. 贡献国家 to contribute oneself to the country19. 锻炼身体 to strengthen, exercise the body 20. 缺乏休闲活动 to lack recreations21. 作笔记 to take notes 22. 使用参考书 to use reference books23. 关心社会 to be concerned about the society24. 服从校规 to follow the rules of the school25. 尽身为学生的责任 to fulfill ones duty as a student26. 克服困难 to overcome the difficulty 27. 面临困难 to be confronted with the difficulty28. 渡过困境 to weather the storm 29. 走快捷方式 to cut the corner30. 量脉搏 to feel the pulse 31. 开药方 to prescribe the medicine32. 坚守原则 to stick to the principle 33. 注意卫生 to emphasize the importance of hygiene34. 乱丢垃圾 to litter; to scatter garbage 35. 美化环境 to beautify the environment36. 种植树木 to grow trees 37. 防止污染 to prevent the pollution38. 提升生活质量 to promote the qualities of life39. 造成损害 to do damage to 40. 对有益 to benefit; to be beneficial to41. 对有害 to be harmful to; to do harm to42. 任意停车 to park the car at random 43. 制造噪音 to make noises44. 占用人行道 to occupy the sidewalk 45. 妨碍交通 to hinder the traffic46. 排放污烟、废气 to belch smoke, exhaust, fume47. 造成不便 to cause inconvenience 48. 造成混乱 to bring about the disorder49. 闯红灯 to run through the red light 50. 利用天桥 to make use of the overpass51. 查字典 to consult the dictionary 52. 屏息 to hold ones breath53. 流泪 to shed tears 54. 符合需要 to meet the demand55. 生根 to take root 56. 产生结果 to bear fruit57. 打破沉默 to break the ice 58. 气馁 to lose heart; to get discouraged59. 振作 to pull oneself together; to take heart 60. 采取步骤 to take steps; to take measures61. 缓和悲伤 to ease (alleviate) the sorrow 62. 承受负担 to bear the responsibility63. 考虑到 to make allowance for 64. 把握机会 to seize the opportunity65. 跑腿 to run an errand 66. 树立楷模 to set a good example67. 接受教育 to receive education 68. 提升生活的水平 to raise the standard of living69. 告辞 to take ones leave 70. 有很深的了解 to have a deep understanding of71. 跟随流行 to follow the fashion 72. 提钱 to withdraw money73. 存钱 to deposit money 74. 良心不安 the conscience stirs75. 自立 to be independent; to stand on ones own76. 英文很好 to have a good command of English77. 有广泛的知识 to have a wide range of knowledge78. 喜爱艺术 to have a great liking for arts79. 扮演重要角色 to play an important role in80. 聊天 to have a chat with81. 有才能 to have a talent for82. 选择 to make a choice83. 有很大的影响 to have a great influence on84. 予人很深的印象 to make a deep impression on85. 愚弄 to make a fool of86. 找借口 to make an excuse87. 给人搭便车 to give one a lift88. 打电话 to give someone a ring89. 冒险 to take chances90. 怀恨 to bear grudge against someone91. 牢记在心 to bear . in mind92. 板着脸 to pull a long face93. 对充耳不闻 to turn a deaf ear to94. 被开除 to be dismissed from school95. 生气 to be angry with ( at )96. 负担责任 to assume the responsibility97. 符合需要 to serve the purpose98. 变胖 to gain weight99. 有道理 to make sense100. 记日记 to keep a diary101. 尽己所能 to do what one can102. 擅长网球 to be at home in tennis103. 郊游 to go on an outing104. 消磨时间 to kill time105. 增加生活的情趣 to increase the pleasures of life106. 精神抖擞 to be ( feel ) refreshed107. 解除紧张和焦虑 to relieve the tension and anxiety108. 宣泄久积的情绪 to release the pent-up feelings109. 游手好闲 to fool around110. 准备考试 to prepare for the examination111. 参加课外活动 to take part in the club activities112. 无精打采的 to be listless113. 精力充沛的 to be vigorous, energetic114. 防台 to guard against the typhoon115. 逃避现实 to escape the reality116. 达到目标 to achieve the aim117. 五育并重 to lay equal emphasis on the Five Disciplines118. 感到无聊 to feel ( be ) bored119. 感到剌激 to be excited120. 感到满意 to be pleased, satisfied121. 感到失望 to be disappointed122. 感到振奋 to be encouraged, inspired123. 感到气馁 to be discouraged, frustrated124. 感到疲倦的 to be exhausted125. 感到烦恼 to be worried, upset, disturbed, bothered 126. 放弃理想 to abandon the ideal127. 奠定基础 to lay the foundation128. 失去耐心 to lose patience129. 进步 to make progress130. 失去联络 to lose track of131. 保持联络 to keep in touch with132. 误入歧途 to go astray133. 养成的习惯 to make it a rule to; to cultivate the habit134. 统一中国 to reunify China135. 光复大陆 to recover the Mainland China136. 遇到交通阻塞 to be caught in a traffic jam137. 给教训 to teach someone a lesson138. 改过自新 to turn over a new leaf139. 引以为乐 to take delight in140. 予以打击 to deal a heavy blow to141. 予以威胁 to pose a threat to142. 取代 to take the place of 143. 预作保留 to make the reservation144. 使彻夜未眠 to cost someone a sleepless night145. 充满喜悦 to be filled with joy146. 背诵 to learn.by heart 147. 鼓励 to encourage, inspire148. 产生不同 to make a great difference149. 犯法 to violate the law150. 不遗余力 to spare no efforts to151. 不辞辛劳 to take the pains to2008年高考英语作文热点话题词汇预测话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣 Spare time (业余时间), favorite (最喜欢的), interest (兴趣), hobby (爱好), appetite (嗜好), taste (口味), read novels (读小说), play football/basketball (踢足球/打篮球) , surf the internet (上网), chat online (在线聊天), play games (玩Spare time (业余时间), favorite (最喜欢的), interest (兴趣), hobby (爱好),appetite (嗜好), taste (口味), read novels (读小说), play football/basketball (踢足球/打篮球) , surf the internet (上网), chat online (在线聊天), play games (玩游戏), collect stamps (集邮), make e-friends (交网友), climb mountains (爬山), watch TV (看电视), enjoy popular music (喜欢流行音乐), be interested in (对感兴趣), develop an interest in (在方面发展兴趣), be fond of (喜欢), be keen on (喜欢), have love for (喜爱), have a taste in (对有兴趣)等。话题二：劳动与劳动观念 Work (工作), be at work (在工作), work hard (努力工作), produce (生产), worker (工人), labor force (劳动力), labor (劳动), voluntary labor (义务劳动), serve the people (为人民服务), heart and soul (全心全意)，physical labor (体力劳动), mental labor (脑力劳动), labor viewpoint (劳动观念), labor Day (劳动节), workday (工作日), means of labor (劳动方式), honorable (光荣的), be devoted to (奉献于.), value (价值), earn money (赚钱), personal interests (个人利益) 等。 话题三：创建和谐社会 harmonious (和谐的), friendly (友好的), civilized (文明的), honest (真诚的), credible (诚信的) , be public-spirited (有公德心的) ,balanced (平衡的), be in order (有序的), peaceful (和平的), live in harmony (生活和谐), sustainable development (可持续发展) 等，help each ether (互助) , care for each other (互相关心), have deep love for (热爱), be concerned with (关心), build (创建), cherish (珍惜), take an active part in (积极参与), pay attention to social moral (讲究社会公德), protect the environment (保护环境), save energy (节省能源)等。句型：1. No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。2. can be achieved by hard wok. 可以通过劳动获得。3. It is difficult to find work in the present situation. 在当前形势下，很难找到工作。4. It is honorable to 是光荣的。5. If everyone for others and the society, our world will be 如果每个人为他人和社会做， 我们这个世界将会。6. Every one should and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strongcountry. 每个人应该 ，为把我们祖国建设成为一个强大的国家而奉献自己的力量。话题四：招聘与求职 employ (雇佣), look for (寻找), take in (吸纳), full-time (全职的), part-time (兼职的), well-paid (薪水高的), be paid by the hour (按小时发工资),requirement (要求), rsum (个人履历), schooling (受教育情况), subjects (课程), working experience (工作经历), qualification (合格证明), transcript (成绩单), health (健康状况), present address (现在通讯地址)等，apply for (申请), graduate from (毕业于) , major in (以为专业), degree (学位) , scholarship (奖学金) , good grades (良好的成绩), hobby (爱好), favorite (最喜欢的), be skilled in (在方面熟练), be good at (擅长), experienced (有经验的), confident (自信的), English and computer ability (英语和计算机能力), healthy (健康的) 等。话题五：中学生的健康问题 physical and mental condition (身体与精神状态), strong (强壮的), (un)healthy (不健康/健康的), overweight/fat (肥胖的), thin (瘦的), near/short-sighted (近视的), mentally unhealthy (精神不健全的), normal (正常的), abnormal (不正常的), energetic (精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit (不健康的饮食习惯), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品) 等，stay/keep healthy/fit (保持健康), build up ones body/ improve ones health(强身健体), enough sleep (充足的睡眠), take regular exercise (进行有规律的运动), proper diet (合理的饮食), good living habits (良好的生活习惯) , lose weight (减肥remove heavy burdens (减轻负担), be good for/do good to (对有益处), nutrition (营养), go on diet (节食), form a eating habit (养成一个的饮食习惯) Breathe in as much fresh air等。话题六：环境保护 pollute(污染)，Waste is scattering here and there.(到处撒满了废弃物)，protect the environment (保护环境)，send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air(散发出烟和有毒气体), cut down trees (砍伐树木), pour waste water into the rivers(把废水注入河流), form good habits to protect the surroundings(养成良好的习惯来保护环境), take active measures to protect rare animals (采取积极措施保护稀有动物), take good care of our forests(关心我们的森林), plant more trees to improve the environment (多植来改善环境)等。句型：1. It is a shame to throw rubbish around. 乱扔垃圾是可耻的。2. The terrible pollution have done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. 可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。话题七：校园文明与安全问题 school rules and regulations (学校规章制度), obey (遵守), observe (遵守), keep/observe discipline (遵守纪律), behave well (表现良好),be neatly dressed (穿戴整洁), respect ones teachers and parents (尊敬师长), be on time (准时), keep the environment clean (保持环境干净), civilized (文明的) break the rules (违反规章制度), discipline (纪律), spit (吐痰), throw rubbish everywhere (乱扔垃圾), cheat in the exam (考试作弊), get in line (插队), fight with sb. (与打架), punish sb. for (因处罚某人) 句型：1. The students are told not to break any of the rules of the school. 学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。2. The students are expected to 学校期望学生。3. It must be made clear that the students should 必须明确的一点是，学生应该。 4. is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society. 对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。5. It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school. 遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。6. It is worthy of praise to 是值得表扬的。7. It is shameful to 是可耻的。8. What we should do is that 我们应该做的事情是话题八：友谊 get to know sb. (认识某人), know sb. really well (熟知某人), make friends with sb. (和某人交朋友), a strong personality (一个很强的个性), personal matters (隐私), friendship (友谊), friendly (友好的), a close friend (一个亲密的朋友), trust each other (相互信任), precious (珍贵的) , worthy (有价值的), understanding (通情达理的), sharewith sb. (与分享), be loyal to (对忠诚) , keep in touch with sb. (与保持联系), keep company with sb. (和结交), stay best friends with sb. (和保持很好的友谊) 等。句型： 1. Friends give us 朋友给予我们。 2. A good friend is someone you can 一位好朋友就是一个我们能够的人。3. The first time I met , he was 当我第一次遇到的时候，他。4. Friendship plays an important part in 友谊在中扮演一个重要角色。 5. You can to be a good friend. 你可以来成为别人的好朋友。 6.We can turn to . when we feel down. 当我们心情糟糕时，可以求助于。 7. makes a good friend. 成就好朋友。 8. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真知。 9. . is one of the things people value most in a friend. 是人们在朋友身上最重视的东西。 10. have a friend of years with sb. 与有着年的友情。5倒装句型(简要总结)：完全倒装句1. There + be + S.2. there / here / now/ then/ away / up/ off/ down.+ V.+S. (n.)there/ here/ now / then / away/ up / off / down+ S. (pron.) + V.eg. Here comes the teacher. / Here you are.3. 介词短语（地点状语）+ V. + S. eg. On the ground lay an old sick goat.4. 肯定句，so + 助动词/ 系动词/情态动词 + S.(前后句主语不一致) “ 某人/物也如此” 否定句，neither/ nor / not more + 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + S. (前后句主语不一致) “某人/物也不如此” eg. I like English , so does he ./ I cant swim, neither can he.5表语（ Present / seated / such ）+ be + S. eg. Such were the stories he told us.部分倒装句：1疑问句2. Never / Little / Seldom/ hardly/ scarcely/ rarely/ barely.+ 助动词/系动词/情态动词+ S.+ v eg. Seldom does he go to the cinema.3. No sooner + had + S. + done than +S. + did/ Hardly(Scarcely) + had +S. +done when + S. + did eg. No sooner had I arrived at home than it began to rain.4. Not only + 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + S. + v. but also S . + v . eg. Not only did they sing, but also they danced.5. Not until + 时间状语（从句）+ 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + S. + v.该句型用于强调句不倒装eg. Not until he came back did I go to bed /It was not until he came back that I went to bed.6. In no way / By no means/ At no time / In no case / on no account/ Under no circumstances +助动词/系动词/情态动词 + S. + v. eg. At no time did he go.7. Only + 介词短语/ 副词/ 状语从句（不倒装）+助动词/系动词/情态动词 + S. + v. eg. Only when you have finished your homework can you go home.8. S.+ would/should/ could /might +do , were + S. +表语 （if +S.+ were .）S.+would/should/could /might +have done , had + S. +done ( if + S. + had done)S.+would/ should /could /might+ do, should + S. + do.( if + S. + should do) were + S. + to do (if +S. + were to do)eg. I would go were I you .8.表语形容词/ 表语名词（去冠词）/ 副词/ 动词原形 + as + , 主句（不倒装） eg. Young as he is , he knows a lot .9. So adj./ adv. +助动词/系动词/情态动词 + S. + v. that 从句不倒装 eg. So loudly did he speak that every one of the class could hear him.10. However / No matter how + adj./adv. + S. + v. , 主句不倒装 eg. However difficult it is , I will try.11.表频度状语/ 方式状语等用于句首，句子部分倒装eg. Many a time / often did the boy go swimming alone.12. 表祝愿句型： eg. May you succeed/ be happy.非谓语动词 有些及物动词后面只能接doing作宾语，不能接不定式，常见的有： acknowledge承认，自认 cease 停止 mention说到，讲到admit 承认 tolerate忍受 dislike不喜欢，讨厌advocate：提倡，主张 complete完成 dread可怕appreciate 感激，欣赏 confess坦白 endure忍受avoid避免 contemplate细想 enjoy享有，喜爱bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒cant help不禁 delay延迟 escape逃跑，逃避cant stand受不了 deny否认 excuse借口consider 考虑 detest嫌恶 fancy幻想，爱好favor 造成，偏爱 mind 介意 repent悔悟figure描绘，计算 miss错过 resent怨恨finish完成，结束不得 pardon原谅，饶恕 resist抵抗，阻止forgive原谅 permit 允许 resume恢复imagine设想 postpone延迟，延期 risk冒险involve卷入，包含 practise 实行，实践 suggest建议hate讨厌 prevent阻止 save营救，储蓄keep保持 quit放弃停止 stand坚持，忍受loathe非常讨厌，厌恶 recall回想接v-ing作宾语的短语cant help , cant stand , leave off , insist on , persist in , think of , dream of , object to , suspect of , accuse of , charge with , hear of , approve of , prevent from , keep from , stop from , be engaged in , look forward to , oppose to , depend on , thank for , feel like , excuse for , aim at , devote to , set about , spend in , get / be used to , be fond of , give up , be capable of , be afraid of , be tired of , keep on , be sick of , succeed in , be interested in , be proud of , be keen on , be responsible for, apologize for , believe in , worry about , take to , aware of , equal to , guilty of , fearful of , hopeful of , awkward at put off, cant help, give up ,cant stand, look forward to , devote to （献身于，致力于）pay attention to, be used to, get down to(开始，着手)，lead to, refer to ,turn to, object to(反对),keep/prevent/stopfrom, set about, feel like, insist on等。有些动词后面只能跟to do作宾语，不能接动名词，attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算begin开始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装ask问 dread害怕 need需要agree同意 desire愿望 love爱swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供beg请求 fail不能 plan计划bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许start开始 undertake承接 want想要consent同意，赞同 intend想要 refuse拒绝decide决定 learn学习 vow起contrive设法，图谋 incline有倾向 propose提议seek找，寻觅 try试图 有些动词后面既可以接动名词，也可以接不定式作宾语，其意义基本一样，如： begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, hate, prefer, cant stand, 但like, love 和would 或should 连用时，接不定式作宾语有些动词后面既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语，但意义不同。如： mean to do sth. 打算干某事mean doing 意味着 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 go on to do sth. （做完一件事之后）接着做（另一件事）go on doing sth.继续做某事 try to do sth. 试图做某事try doing sth.试试做某事（往往表示某种方法或方式） forget, regret, remember后接to do表示尚未发生的动作，接doing表示已经发生动作。 be used to do sth. 被用来做be used to doing sth. 习惯于做 cant help（to）do sth. 不能帮助做某事cant help doing sth. 不禁 （8) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为；+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念（9）allow, permit, advise, forbid, consider + doing /+ sb to do （10）need, require, want + to be done/ doing “需要（被作某种处置）” 5doing作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，有时可译为“令人的”； done作表语多表示主语所处的状态，有时可译为“感到的”。 interesting使人感到高兴-interested感到高兴的exciting令人激动的-excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的-delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的-disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的-encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的-pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的-puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的-satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的-surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的-worried感到担心的6巧记感官动词和使役动词-“一感二听三让五看” feel,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observe 以上动词接to do作宾补时不带to。被动语态时要还原to 7 要求接带to 的不定式作其宾补的动词有： ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿announce宣布 force强迫 press迫使bride 收买 inspire鼓舞 request请求assist协助 hate憎恶 pronounce断定，表示12advise劝告 exhort告诫，勉励 pray请求authorize授权，委托 help帮助 recommend劝告，推荐bear容忍 implore恳求 remind提醒beg请求 induce引诱 report报告compel强迫 invite吸引，邀请， summon传唤command命令 intend想要，企图 show 显示drive驱赶 mean意欲，打算 train训练cause引起 instruct指示 require要求deserve应受 leave使，让 tell告诉direct指导 like喜欢 tempt劝诱entitle有资格 order命令 warn告诫enable使能够 need需要 urge激励，力说encourage鼓励 oblige不得不 want想要condemn指责，谴责 lead引起，使得 teach教高中英语常用动词词组1. add to增加，增进 add to把加进 add up相加 add up to总计，所有这一切说明2. break away from打破，脱离，