（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 The world online讲义 牛津译林版选修7.doc

unit 3 the world online 话题词汇1.internet n.网络2.screen n.屏幕3.electronic adj.电子的4.laptop n.手提电脑5.software n.软件6.data n.数据7.update n.& vt.更新；(使)现代的8.download vt.下载9.virus n.病毒10.computer games电脑游戏11.surf the internet上网12.shop on line 网上购物经典语篇假如你是李华，你的笔友jim最近沉溺于玩电脑游戏，为此你很担心。请根据下表提示给jim写一封信，谈谈你的看法及建议。jim过去功课好，积极参加学校的各项活动。jim现在对学习没有兴趣，上课不专心，不按时交作业。你的看法也许玩电脑游戏能使你放松，但沉溺于其中会占用学习时间你的建议 (至少发挥两点)注意：1.词数150左右；2.文章开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；3.要点完整、层次清楚、语法正确、上下文连贯。dear jim，i really feel worried about you. 佳作欣赏dear jim，i really feel worried about you.you used to do well in your lessons and took an active part in the activities at school，but now you take no interest in your schoolwork and dont listen to teachers as carefully as before in class.also，you are so crazy about computer games that you cant hand in your homework on time. perhaps playing computer games can make you feel relaxed，but if you spend too much time on it，you will have less time to study.and it may do harm to your health.for example，it can hurt your eyes and neck.i hope you should achieve a balance between your schoolwork and your hobbies.why not join in some outdoor activities when you feel bored？ as your friend，ill be glad to share your happiness and sadness.yours，li hua思维发散 1.用too.to.结构改写第句also，you are too crazy about computer games to hand in your homework on time.2.用主语从句改写第句perhaps that you play computer games can make you feel relaxed，but if you spend too much time on it，you will have less time to study.3.将第句改为特殊疑问句why dont you join in some outdoor activities when you feel bored?4.仿照第句完成句子很高兴收到你的电子邮件，也很高兴你对学习汉语感兴趣。im glad to receive your email and happy to know that you are interested in learning chinese.重点单词a.写作单词1.abundant (adj.)大量的，充裕的2.command (n.)命令；控制；掌握；(vt.)命令；指挥；控制3.claim (vt.)宣称，断言；索取，认领；(n.)声明，断言；索款，索赔4.correspond (vi.)通信；相一致，符合；相当于5.address (vt.)探讨，解决，处理；向说话；称呼(某人)6.weakness (n.)缺点，不足；弱点；虚弱，衰弱7.false (adj.)虚假的，伪造的；错误的；人造的8.withdraw (vi.& vt.)脱离(社会)，不与人交往；撤回；取(款)9.classify (vt.)分类，归类10.specific (adj.)具体的，明确的；特定的；独特的11.bother (vi.& vt.)花费时间、精力(做某事)；打扰，给某人造成麻烦12.assumption (n.)假定，假设assume (vt.)假定，设想；认为13.diverse (adj.)多种多样的，形形色色的diversity (n.)多样性，多样化14.evaluate (vt.)评估，评价evaluation (n.)评估，评价15.accuracy (n.)准确性；精确度accurate (adj.)准确的，精确的16.alarm (vt.)使担心，使害怕，使警觉；(n.)警报(器)；惊慌；闹钟alarming (adj.)令人害怕的alarmed (adj.)害怕的17.competence (n.)能力，胜任；技能，本领competent (adj.)足以胜任的，有能力的18.abandon (vt.)放弃；抛弃，舍弃abandoned (adj.)被抛弃的，被遗弃的19.appointment (n.)约会，预约；任命，委任appoint (vt.)任命，委任；指定(时间、地点)20.qualification (n.)资格，资历qualify (vt.& vi.)(使)具有资格，(使)合格qualified (adj.)有资格的，胜任的21.relevant (adj.)紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的relevance (n.)关联；相关性irrelevant (adj.)不相关的，无关紧要的22.correction (n.)改正，纠正，修正correct (adj.)正确的；(vt.)改正，纠正23.acknowledge (vt.)承认，认可；感谢acknowledgement (n.)承认；感谢b阅读单词24.brand (n.)品牌；类型25.source (n.)来源，信息源；根源，原因26.click (n.)(鼠标)点击；咔嗒声；(vi.& vt.)点击；(使)发出咔嗒声27.statistics (n.)统计数字，统计数据，统计资料28.globe (n.)世界，全球；地球仪；球体29.educator (n.)教育工作者，教师；教育(学)家30.inventor (n.)发明者，发明家31.avenue (n.)途径，手段；大街32.reference (n.)参考，查阅；提到，谈及；介绍信，介绍人33.conference (n.)(大型的正式)会议，研讨会34.explicit (adj.)直言的，坦率的；清楚明白的，易懂的35.lifetime (n.)一生，终生；存在期36.terminal (n.)终端，终端设备；终点；(adj.)末端的，末梢的37.category (n.)类别，种类38.plus (n.)加号；优势，长处；(prep.)加；以及，和；(adj.)零度以上的39.minus (n.)减号；负号；缺点；(prep.)减；没有，缺乏；(adj.)零度以下的；负数的40.outline (n.)提纲，概要；轮廓线，略图.重点短语1.search for搜寻，寻找2.have positive effects on对有积极影响3.turn to向求助；翻到(某一页)；转向4.at someones command受某人支配5.what is more更有甚者，更为重要的是6.hand in上交7.up to date最新的；现代的；时髦的8.drop out退学，辍学；退出，脱离9.for lack of因缺少10.keep.in mind将记在心中11.comb (through) sth.(for)仔细搜寻12.a bunch of一串，一束；大量，大批.经典句式1.without the internet，these people would have fewer avenues to meet people.如果没有因特网，这些人与别人交往的途径就会更少。2.i feel it is important for us either to limit our use of the internet，or to learn how to handle the problems it has caused.在我看来，要么限制使用因特网，要么学会如何处理好因特网所引起的问题，这对我们来说很重要。3.the more you know about internet research，the faster you will find what you are looking for，and the better informed you will be.你对网上搜索了解得越多，你找到所需要寻找的东西的速度就越快，你得到的信息也就越好。4.follow these tips，and your time spent doing research on the internet will be much more worthwhile.遵循这些建议的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就越值得。1应试指导(1)虚拟语气(2)写作高级短语have a good command of(1)command sb.to do.命令某人做command that sb.(should) do sth.命令某人做某事(2)at ones command受某人支配in command of掌握，控制take command of指挥，控制have a good command of掌握，精通(1)they help the computer react to commands from the brain.他们帮助电脑对来自大脑的指令作出反应。(2)the police arrived and took command of the situation.警察到达后就控制了局势。多维训练(1)用适当的介词填空he has an entire army at his command.they are in command of the present situation.after hard work，he finally took command of the language of english.(2)一句多译他命令我们马上出发。he commanded that we (should)set off at once. (command that.)he commanded us to set off at once. (command 复合宾语)(3)in a society full of challenges and opportunities，in my opinion，it is a must to have a good of a foreign language.a.communication b.comprehensionc.command d.competence答案c解析communication交流；comprehension理解；command掌握，控制；competence能力。句意为：在这个充满挑战和机遇的社会，掌握一门外语是非常必要的。have a good command of 掌握的知识，故选c项。2应试指导词汇辨析；阅读词汇(1)correspond to/with和一致correspond with和通信(2)corresponding adj.符合的；相应的；相关的(1)the working of this machine corresponds to that of the human brain.这个机器的作用就相当于人脑的作用。(2)she still corresponds with american friends she met nine years ago.她仍与9年前结识的美国朋友们通信。 多维训练(1)the written record of our conversation doesnt what was actually said.there are a lot of mistakes.a.correspond with b.relate toc.look into d.compare with答案a解析根据句意“关于我们谈话的书面记录和实际说的不一致，有很多错误”可知，correspond with“与相一致，与通信”符合句意。relate to涉及，关系到；look into浏览，调查；compare with与相比。(2)total volume of trade of the company was 50 percent higher than the period of last year.a.corresponding b.correspondc.responding d.respond答案a解析句意为：公司的贸易总额比去年同期涨了50%。corresponding period of.同一时期，符合语境。3应试指导求职类写作高频词汇(1)make/have an appointment with与预约keep/break an appointment守/违约by appointment按照约定(2)appoint sb.(as/to be).任命某人担任appoint sb.to do sth.指定某人做某事(1)but for his fathers sudden illness，he would have never thought of breaking this appointment with you.要不是他父亲生病的话，他根本就不想跟你违约。(2)if you cant make the official office hours，most professors are willing to make individual appointments to help you out.如果你在正式工作时间没空，大多数教授愿意安排个人时间的预约来帮助你。(2015浙江)多维训练(1)用适当的介词填空the prime minister has appointed a civilian as the defence minister.i have made an appointment with doctor smith.our doctors are seen by appointment only.(2)amie salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse to guard her.(2014浙江，14)a.to appoint b.appointingc.appointed d.having appointed答案c解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：amie salmon是个残疾人，在校期间由委派来看护她的一位护士全程照顾。分析句子结构可知，此处是a nurse的后置定语；a nurse与appoint之间为被动关系，故要用过去分词(appointed)作定语。4应试指导交际用语中的用法bother about为某事烦恼bother sb.with sth.为某事打扰某人bother to do sth.特意(地)做某事 (常用于否定句中)why bother.？何必/何苦？(1)what obama is bothering about is how to improve medical care to benefit people.令奥巴马费神的事是如何改善医疗以泽惠民众。(2)lots of people dont bother to go through a marriage ceremony these days.如今很多人不再费心思举行婚礼。(3)im busy now.dont bother me with such things.我现在很忙，别拿这样的事来烦我。(4)there was no advantage in doing so，so why bother?这样做没有什么好处，何必庸人自扰？多维训练(1)i can drive you home. ，but are you sure its not too much trouble？(2015重庆，5)a.that would be great b.dont bother c.im afraid not d.take care答案a解析考查情景交际。我可以开车送你回家。那太好了，但你确定那样不是特别麻烦吗？依据答语中的“but”可知答话人同意对方的建议。that would be great那太好了；dont bother不麻烦了；im afraid not恐怕不行；take care当心，小心。(2)im very sorry to have you with so many questions on such an occasion.a.interrupted b.excusedc.impressed d.bothered答案d解析考查动词词义辨析。句意为：很抱歉在这么一个场合麻烦你这么多问题。bother打扰，麻烦，符合句意。interrupt打断；excuse原谅；impress使印象深刻。5应试指导(1)完形填空高频词汇(2)一词多义(1)acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as.认为某人/物是；承认某人/物是acknowledge doing sth.承认做某事it is universally acknowledged that.是大家公认的 (写作句式)(2)in acknowledgement of对表示感谢(1)naylor acknowledged，in a letter to the judge，that he was a drug addict.内勒在给法官的信中承认自己吸毒。(2)he was given a gold watch in acknowledgement of his work for the business.公司给他一块金表，以感谢他为公司效力。多维训练(1)同义句改写she acknowledged that she was defeated.(改为简单句) she acknowledged having been defeated.its universally acknowledged that he is the best player in the world.(改为简单句)he is universally acknowledged to be the best player in the world.(2)before the camps，the kids might have thought americans are difficult to ，but through the experience during the camps，they know americans are very friendly.a.recognize b.acknowledgec.approach d.confirm答案c解析句意为：在参加夏令营之前，孩子们可能觉得美国人很难接近，但通过在夏令营里的经历，他们知道美国人是很友好的。recognize 认出，辨认出；acknowledge承认，认可；approach 接近，靠近；confirm确定，证实。6应试指导date短语语境词义辨析(1)date back (to)/from追溯到，始于 (该短语无被动语态，作谓语常用一般现在时)(2)out of date过时的to date到现在为止(1)this type of bicycle is up to date.这种款式的脚踏车是最新式的。(2)the custom dates back hundreds of years.这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。多维训练(1)用date的相关短语填空to date we have spent eight thousand pounds between us.the model is the newest and most up to date.the idea of pen and paper seems almost out of date.belt buckles date back to the bronze age.(2)they believe that there are transport developments that will bring a lot of changes for the better.(2015安徽，33)a.out of date b.out of orderc.around the clock d.around the corner答案d解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为：他们认为交通的发展近在眼前，那将会带来很多好的方面的变化。out of date过时的，过期的，废弃的；out of order发生故障，次序颠倒；around the clock日以继夜地，连续一整天；around the corner在拐角处，即将来临。7drop out退学，辍学；退出，脱离 应试指导date短语语境词义辨析drop out of从退出drop behind落在后面；后退；落后drop off下降，减退drop in on sb.顺便拜访某人drop in at sp.顺便到访某地drop sb.让某人下车(1)peter dropped out before completing the race.彼得在比赛未结束时就退出了。(2)half an hour later，lucy still couldnt get a taxi where the bus had dropped her.过了半个小时，lucy还没有在下公交车的地方打到的士。(2014重庆)(3)i thought id drop in on you while i was passing.我曾想路过时顺便来看看你。多维训练用drop短语的适当形式填空(1)dont drop behind the others on the trail in case you get lost.(2)on my way home i dropped in at his house.(3)her popularity has dropped off recently.(4)since his defeat hes dropped out of politics.8多维训练(1)the man，suspected of killing a 2yearold girl，presented fresh evidence to the court in support of his that he did not harm the child.a.claim b.beliefc.concept d.intention答案a解祈句意为：被指控杀害一名两岁女童的犯罪嫌疑人向法院出示了新证据，辩称自己没有伤人。claim宣称，声称；belief信念，看法；concept概念，观念；intention目的，意图。(2)much as he he has a good command of english，he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some chinese idioms.a.announces b.claimsc.declares d.confirms答案b解析句意为：尽管他自称精通英语，但有时感觉要找到一些汉语习语的合适翻译是很难的。claim后接句子，表示“宣称”；announce宣告，通知；declare宣布；confirm确认。9多维训练(1)完成句子这封信是寄给我姐姐的。this letter is addressed to my sister.在观众面前讲话，我总是感到非常紧张。addressing an audience always gives me the horrors.这家公司没有打算处理这样的问题。the company has no intention to address such problems.(2)the government has been under growing pressure to the causes of air pollution as smog frequently smothers the countrys large cities.a.release b.schedulec.address d.maintain答案c解析句意为：当雾霾频繁地出现在各大城市，政府一直面临越来越大的压力来解决空气污染源头。address处理，对付，符合句意。release释放，放出；schedule安排，计划，将列入计划表；maintain维持，继续，维修，主张。10 多维训练(1)china has said it will support for foreign investment in the countrys car industry to encourage domestic carmakers.a.withdraw b.distributec.command d.appeal答案a解析withdraw撤回，撤消；distribute分发，分配；command命令，指挥，控制；appeal呼吁。句意为：中国表示将撤消其对本国汽车工业中对外商投资的资助，以此来鼓励国内汽车制造商。故正确答案为a。(2)in 1973，kidnappers took his 16yearold grandson and a large amount of money for his safe return.a.allocated b.insistedc.withdrew d.demanded答案d解析句意为：在1973年，绑匪绑架了他16岁的孙子，并索要大笔赎金。allocate分配，分派，拨付；insist坚持，坚决主张；withdraw取款，撤回；demand(强烈)需求，需要，符合句意。11多维训练(1)i dont think what he said is to the topic we are discussing.he has missed the point.(2015湖北，28)a.faithful b.parallelc.relevant d.similar答案c解析考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：我认为，他说的话与我们讨论的主题无关，他偏离了重点。be faithful to忠诚于；be parallel to与平行，与类似；be relevant to与相关；be similar to与相似。故选c。(2)the job applicant was not qualified for the vacant position as he didnt have the experience as required for the job.a.obvious b.ambitiousc.relevant d.apparent答案c解析句意为：这位工作申请者不适合这个空缺的职位，因为他没有这个工作需要的相关经验。relevant意为“相关的”，符合题意。 obvious明显的；ambitious有雄心壮志的，有抱负的；apparent明显的，显然的。12the more you know about internet research，the faster you will find what you are looking for，and the better informed you will be.你对网上搜索了解得越多，你找到所需要寻找的东西的速度就越快，你得到的信息也就越好。(1)“the比较级.，the比较级.”意为“越就越”，表示主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the比较级”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the比较级”是主句，常用一般将来时。(3)本结构中常用省略结构。(1)the more i understand fish，the more i became effective at finding and catching them.我对鱼了解越多，我越能发现并抓住它们。(2015广东)(2)the longer the war lasts，the more the people there will suffer.战争持续越久，那里的人们受难越多。多维训练(1)同义句改写if you meet with more difficulties，you must work harder.(用“the比较级”句式改写)the more difficulties you meet with，the harder you must work.(2)my brother is a knowledgeable person in his office. books you read， knowledge youll gain.a.the many；the moreb.the more；the muchc.the more；the mored.the many；the much答案c解析答语句意为：你读的书越多，你就能获得越多的知识。所以选c。(3) you are， mistakes youll make.a.more careful；fewerb.the more careful；the fewerc.the more careful；the lessd.the most careful；the fewest答案b解析考查“the比较级，the比较级”固定句式，意为“越就越”。fewer的原级是few修饰可数名词，less的原级是little，修饰不可数名词。因为mistake是可数名词，故用few，故选b。13follow these tips，and your time spent doing research on the internet will be much more worthwhile.遵循这些建议的话，你在网上搞研究所花的时间就越值得。该结构中的祈使句相当于一个由if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句，所以用一般将来时。在该句型中，祈使句有时也可用名词短语表示。(1)read this story，and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.(如果)你读了这个故事，你就会认识到不是所有东西都能用钱买到。(2013四川)(2)a bit more efforts，and youll succeed.再努力一下，你会成功。多维训练(1)同义句改写if you lend her a hand，she will be grateful to you.(改为祈使句)lend her a hand，and she will be grateful to you.(2) at the photos，illustrations，title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.a.to look b.lookingc.having looked d.look答案d解析分析句子结构，我们发现这是“祈使句and陈述句”的句型。祈使句动词用原形。句意为：看看这些照片、说明、书名和标题，你就能猜到这本读物写的是什么内容了。微写作写作素材(关于互联网)1.互联网提供了大量的各种各样的资源，这使全球人们间的通信更方便。2.但一些人，尤其是一些孩子沉溺于网络，影响了他们的学习和生活。3.一些教育工作者呼吁人们对互联网要有正确的态度。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)the internet provides abundant and diverse resources，which make the people all over the globe communicate with each other more conveniently.but some people，especially some children abandon themselves to the internet，which affects their study and life.so some educators appeal to people to have a correct attitude towards the internet.单项填空1.wind is now the worlds fastest growing of power.(2014天津，3)a.source b.sensec.result d.root答案a解析考查名词词义辨析。句意为：风能是现在世界上增长最快的动力来源。source源泉，来源，符合句意。sense感觉；result结果；root根源，根。2.the u.s.government on wednesday former commerce secretary gary locke as ambassador to china，making him the first chineseamerican ever to take the post.a.accumulated b.reflectedc.distinguished d.appointed答案d解析句意为：周三美国政府任命前商务部长骆家辉担任驻华大使，使他成为有史以来担任这个职务的第一位华人。accumulate积累；reflecte反映； distinguish区分，辨别；appoint任命，委派。appoint sb.as.任命某人为。故选d。3.it is widely acknowledged that students should be in terms of overall quality.(2014福建，25)a.supported b.matchedc.evaluated d.controlled答案c解析考查动词词义辨析。句意为：人们普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评估学生。evaluate评估，评价，符合句意。support支持，赞成；match相配，相称；control控制。4.always in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly(2015 湖南，31) a.to keep b.to have keptc.keep d.have kept答案c解析考查祈使句。句意为：一直要记住：你的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，故用keep。keep in mind记住，是固定搭配。5.teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional .(2011江苏，27)a.consequence b.independencec.competence d.intelligence答案c解析句意为：教师必须不断更新知识来保持他们的专业能力。consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，技能，胜任；intelligence智力，智慧，才智。由句意可知选c项。6.it is a truth which is universally that wealth doesnt necessarily mean happiness.a.applied b.acknowledgedc.acquired d.accomplished答案b解析考查动词词义辨析。句意为：财富并不一定意味着幸福，这是一个公认的事实。apply运用；acknowledge承认；acquire获得；accomplish完成。根据句意选b项。7.with a good of both chinese and english，she had an advantage over the other interviewees.a.program b.guidancec.command d.ability答案c解析句意为：由于对汉语和英语都掌握得很好，她比其他面试者占优势。a good command of掌握，精通，符合语境。8.in recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go， .a.our holiday will be betterb.our holiday will be the betterc.the better our holiday will bed.the better will our holiday be答案c解析该句属于“the more.，the more.”句型，且第二部分应用陈述语序。故选c项。9.catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting，addressed to and then posted it at the nearby post office.a.it；her b.it；herselfc.herself；her d.herself；herself答案b解析address表示“在上写地址”，后接