湖北省麻城市集美学校七年级英语上册 重、难点知识总结 外研版.docVIP

湖北省麻城市集美学校七年级英语上册 重、难点知识总结 外研版1. good morning / afternoon / evening. 早上好/ 下午好 / 晚上好。 2. how are you! 你好吗？ / how is your mother? 你的妈妈好吗？im fine / ok, thanks. 我很好，谢谢！/ she is fine. 她身体好。 and you? 你呢？（你好吗？） （starter）unit 2. 1. whats this in english? 这个用英语怎么说？ whats this? 这个是什么？ its a map / an orange. 它是一张地图 / 它是一个桔子。 2. spell it, please. 请拼写它。 how do you spell it? 你怎样拼写它？ （starter）unit 3. 1. what color is it? 它是什么颜色？ what color is your pen? 你的钢笔是什么颜色？ 2. its red / blue / black and white. 它是红色 / 蓝色 / 黑白色。 unit 1. 1. whats your name? 你叫什么名字？ whats her / his name? 她 / 他叫什么名字？2. whats your first name你的名是什么？ whats your last / family name? 你姓什么？(last name = family name)3. im mary. = my name is mary. 我叫玛丽。she is mary. = her name is mary. 她叫玛丽。4. nice to meet you! 见到你真高兴。 nice to meet you too. 见到你也很高兴。5. whats your telephone number? 你的电话号码是什么？（对电话号码提问用what） unit 2. 1. excuse me. 打扰了。is this / that your pencil? 这个 / 那个是你的铅笔吗？ yes,it is. / no,it isnt. 是的，它是。/ 不，不是。( 回答时常用it替代上文中的this和that )2. this / that is my ruler. 这个 / 那个是我的尺子。3. please call mary at 495-3539. 请给mary 打电话:495-3539. （call sb at + 电话号码）please call mary. 请给mary 打电话。 please call 495-3539. 请拨打495-3539. 4. 本单元短语： call sb at + 电话号码（at译为“按照”，此短语意思是“按某个电话号码给某人打电话） pencil case文具盒 computer game电脑游戏 lost and found失物招领 lost and found case 失物招领箱 unit 3.1. this / that is my sister. 这位 / 那位是我的姐姐。 此句的复数形式是： these / those are my sisters. 这些 / 那些是我的姐姐们。 （this/ that的复数分别是these / those）2.it is a watch. 复数形式是：they are some watches. (he / she / it 复数都是they，和this/that的复数不同)3. is he / guo peng your brother? 他 / 郭鹏是你的哥哥吗？yes, he is. / no, he isnt. 是的，他是。 / 不，他不是。4. thanks for the photo of your family. 感谢你寄来你的家庭照（全家福）。句中thanks = thank you, 另外the photo of your family = your family photo5. here is my family photo. 这儿是我的家庭照。 here are some books. 这儿有一些书。there is a picture and three pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一幅画和三支铅笔。there are many photos in the drawer. 抽屉里有许多照片。（here / there 后的be动词单复数形式要以紧随其后的名词单复数来定） unit 4.1. whereis my backpack? 我的背包在哪儿？ where are the books? 那些书在哪儿？2. its / theyre in the drawer / under the bed / on the bookcase.它 / 它们在抽屉里/ 床底下/ 书柜上。 (注意主语和be动词照应)3. is it / is the book / are they on the bed / in the backpack / under the desk?它 / 这本书 / 它们在床上/ 背包里/ 桌子下吗？4. can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西去学校吗？ some一般用在肯定的陈述句中，any用在否定句（“任何”）或疑问句（“某些，些”）中。但如果表示期待对方肯定的回答或表请求和建议，疑问句中常用some。如上句。5. take to 把带到 please take your sister to school. 请把你的妹妹带到学校。 bring 表从另一处带到这儿。take 表从这儿带到另一处。方向正好相反。 unit 5.1. do you have a soccer ball? 你有一个足球吗？ yes, i do. / no, i dont.2. does she have a tennis racket? 她有一个网球拍吗？yes, she does. / no, she doesnt. （谓语是实义动词的时候，疑问句形式：do / does 提前到主语前，主语后面的动词用原形） 2. i dont have a soccer ball.我没有一个足球。she doesnt have a volleyball. 她没有排球。（谓语是实义动词的时候，否定形式：do /does +not + 动词原形） 3. let me / him / us play soccer. 让我 / 他 / 我们踢足球吧。(let后面的动词用原形) lets=let us 4. that sounds good / great / interesting / boring.那听起来不错 /好极了 /有趣 /无聊。（that指代上文之事） 5. i / we / they / you / the kids have 8 baseballs. 我/ 我们/他们/孩子们有8个棒球。 she / he / my brother / the boy has 8 baseballs. 她/他/我哥哥/那个男孩有8个棒球。（注意以上各句主语和谓语的照应：主语是单三，谓语也用单三；主语不是单三，谓语也不用单三。）6. 本单元短语：tennis racket网球拍 ping-pong bat乒乓球拍ping-pong / soccer / tennis ball 乒乓球/ 足球/ 网球（指物品）play tennis /basketball /baseball /ping-pong /volleyball /soccer /football “打.，踢.”(指运动)play computer games 打电脑游戏 on tv在电视上（通过电视） every day每天 watch tv 看电视 unit 6.1. do you like bananas / hamburgers / salad? 你喜欢香蕉 / 汉堡包 / 沙拉吗？yes, i do. / no, i dont. 是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。2. like doing sth. = like to do sth. 喜欢做某事. 如：she likes helping / to help students. 她喜欢帮学生。3. does she/he/your aunt like broccoli? 她/他/你的朋友喜欢花椰菜吗？yes, she/he does. / no, she/he doesnt. 是的， 她/他喜欢。/ 不，她/他不喜欢。4. 短语：for breakfast / lunch / dinner / dessert 对早餐/ 午餐/ 晚餐/ 甜食来说 running star 跑步明星lots of = a lot of ( 后既可接可数名词复数，又可接不可数名词) healthy food 健康食品 unit 7. 1. how much are these pants? =whats the price of these pants? 这条裤子多少钱？theyre twenty dollars. 这条裤子20美元。how much is this sweater? =whats the price of this sweater? 这件毛衣多少钱？ its 60 yuan. 它60元。 2. how much加不可数名词，how many 加可数名词复数。如：how much food, how many students 3. can i help you? 我能帮你吗？ what can i do for you? 我能为你做什么？ 4. yes, please. 是的，请吧。 no, thanks. 不了，谢谢。5. i want a sweater. 我想要件毛衣。 6. what color do you want? 你想要什么颜色？ 7. here you are. =here it is给你（这件毛衣 / 钱等）。 8. how much is it? / how much are they? 多少钱？ 9. ill take it. = ill get it. = ill have it. 我买下它了。 10. thank you. / thanks a lot. 多谢。 youre welcome. =thats all right.别客气。 11. come and buy = come to buy . go and see = go to see 12. anybody can afford our prices. 任何人都能承担得起我们的价钱。 13. 短语：at a good price 以合理的价格 have a look (at)“看一看()”=look (at )for girs / boys / sports. 对姑娘 / 男孩 / 运动来说 sell to 把卖给 buy from 从 买 on sale在出售 unit 8. 1. when is your / her / his birthday? 你的 / 她的 / 他的 生日是什么时候？ my / her / his birthday is may 14th. 我的 / 她的 / 他的生日是5月14日。（此处无on） 2. how old are you? = whats your age? 你多大了? im 8. / im 8 years old. 我8岁了。 3. monday is the second day of the week. 周一是一星期中的第二天。（序数词前常有the） its my eighth birthday. (序数词eighth前已有限定词my, 故不再加the.) 4. 短语：birthday party生日聚会 english speech contest 英语演讲比赛 music festival 音乐节 school day校庆日 school trip学校组织的旅行 volleyball game排球比赛 unit 9. 1. do you / does she want to go to a movie? 你想 / 她想看电影吗？ 2. what kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢什么种类的电影？ 3. june really likes action movies. 琼真的喜欢动作片。（really可修饰动词，但very不能。） 4. mike is english. 迈克是英国人。（注意english前无冠词an.） 5. i often go to movies with my friends. 我常和朋友一起看电影。(with，“用；和一起”) 6. 短语：learn about学习有关的知识 chinese history中国历史 on weekends. 在周末 action movies 动作片 go to a movie去看电影 want to do sth. 想要做某事 7. 语法：并列连词and和or. 都译为“和”，or常用于否定句。and常用于肯定句。he likes p.e. and art.他喜欢体育和美术。=he likes p.e. and he likes art.he doesnt like p.e. or art. =he doesnt like p.e. and he doesnt like art.(or只用于连接否定句中的短语。若连接两个否定句时仍用and, 如后一句。) unit 10. 1. can you play the guitar? can you dance / swim? 你会弹吉它 / 跳舞 / 游泳吗？yes, i can. / no, i cant. 是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。 2. i want to join the art / music club. 我想参加美术 / 音乐俱乐部。 3. what club do you want to join? 你想参加什么俱乐部？ 4. can you play the piano well? 你弹钢琴弹得好吗？ 5. are you good with kids? 你善于和孩子相处吗？ （be good with sb. 善于和某人相处） 6. may i know your name? 我可以知道你的名字吗？= whats your name? 7. what can you do? 你会做什么？ 8. 短语：play the piano / the drums / the trumpet 弹钢琴 / 打鼓 / 吹喇叭（乐器前有the） chess / english / swimming / music club象棋 / 英语 / 游泳 / 音乐俱乐部 a little “一点，一些”（修饰不可数名词。） unit 11. 1. what time do you/ does she usually go to school/ get up? 你通常何时上学 / 起床？i usually run/ she usually gets up at around 7:00. 我 / 她通常大约7:00跑步 / 起床。 2. when do people usually eat dinner? 人们通常什么时候吃晚饭？ 3. 短语：in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早上 / 下午 / 晚上（用介词in） （若有其它修饰词，常用介词on: on sunday morning; on the evening of may 1st.） go home 回家 get home 到家 go to bed 上床睡觉 take a shower洗澡 get up 起床 best wishes 致以良好的祝愿 listen to music / me听音乐 / 听我(说) all day and all night 整天整夜 brush teeth刷牙 take the no. 305 bus to school乘305路车去学校 write a letter to sb=write to sb =write sb.给某人写信 4. 时刻表达： 1分钟未过半点；7：20, 可以读作： seven twenty, 或twenty past seven 12：08, 可以读作：twelve oh eight, 或eight past twelve2分钟刚好半点：9：30, 可读作：nine thirty, 或half past nine3分钟超过半点：8：46, 可读作：eight forty-six, 或fourteen to nine 15分钟用 a quarter past 如7：15 a quarter past seven 45分钟用 a quarter to 并且小时加1 如：4：45 a quarter to five5. what引导的感叹句的结构： 1what + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓 what a clever boy he is! 他是多么聪明的孩子啊！ what an interesting book you have!你的书多么有趣啊！2what + 形容词 + 名词复数： what clever boys you are! 你们是多么聪明的孩子啊！3what + 形容词 + 不可数名词： what difficult work it is! 那是多么困难的工作啊！6. 宾语从句的语序（用陈述句的语序， 见下文画线部分）： i dont know when your birthday is. （不是when is your birthday） can you tell me where you come from? (不是where do you come from) unit 12. 1. whats your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的学科是什么？（形容词性物主代词+favorite+名词，“最喜爱的.”） 2. my favorite subject is science. 我最喜爱的学科是科学。 3. why do you / does she like science? 你 / 她为什么喜欢科学？ because its interesting. 因为它有趣。 4. who is your art teacher? 谁是你的美术教师？ 5. when do you have math? 你什么时候上数学？ 6. i have volleyball for two hours. 我打排球两个小时。（for + 时间段，“达到时间”） 7. 短语：tv show 电视节目 be strict with sb / be strict in sth对某人 / 某物要求严格 be busy with sth / be busy doing sth忙于某事 / 做某事 on monday / tuesday 在周一 / 周二. after lunch / work / school / class午饭后 / 下班后 / 放学后 / 下课后run around 到处跑动 play with sb / sth 和某人一块儿玩 / 用某物玩人称代词形式：主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词 作主语 作宾语 后要再接名词 后不再接名词 主宾一致i me my ( pen / house.) mine myself you(你) you your (bag / car.) yours yourself he him his (desk /coat.) his himself she her her (hair / books.) hers herself it it its (tail / face.)its itself we us our(teachers / room.) ours ourselves you(你们)you your(class /city.) yours yourselves they them their (school / seats.) theirs themselves（如果动词的施动者，即主语，和动词或介词后相应的宾格代词是相同的人或物时，其宾格代词要用反身代词： i teach myself english. 我自学英语。we solved the problems ourselves. 我们自己解决的这些问题。lucy hurt herself by accident. 露茜偶然伤了自己。you have to take care of yourself. 你必须照看好自己。但 she asks me to help her. 中的her并没有反身代词，因为help的施动者是“我”，而承受者是“她”，不相同。） go for it 七年级（上）复习提要 一、词 （ 一 ） 名词1、 名词的复数（1）、一般的直接加s，如 desk（desks） 、pen(pens) 、ruler(rulers)（2）、以 x 、s、ch、sh结 尾 的 加 es如 box(boxes)、class(classes)、watch(watches)等（3）、以辅音字母加y结尾的要变y为i加es， 如 family ,comedy,documentary，strawberry,dictionary,hobby等 (4)、以0结尾的名词，有生命的加es如：tomato(tomatoes) 、potato (potatoes ); 没有生命的加s,如 photo(photos)、piano(pianos)(5) fe变为ves 如life(lives)2、 名词所有格在名词的后边加s ,表示后面的名词属于前面的名词所有 ， 如 lileis bag toms desk 、her mothers brother 共有的表达法：lucy and lilys mother个有的表达法：lucys and lilys mothers3、 专用名词的大写 （人名，地名，节日，月份，星期）如 english、brown 、rush 、sunday 、january 、december、 beijing opera （ 二 ） 动词1、 动词的种类(四类) 系动词如 be(is am are)； 情态动词如 can 、may、need；助动词（ do does）；行为动词如 take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think 等2、 动词的第三人称单数（与名词的复数变化规则一样 ） 如 eat(eats) take (takes) buy(buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is) watch(watches)3、 动词的时态（一般现在时 ） （ 1）含有系动词的 im a chinese boy . she is twelve . he is tims brother . her mother is an english teacher .含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交换位置”，即将be动词提前。上面句子变成一般疑 问句时分别为are you a chinese boy ?（ 注意第一人称通常变为第二人称 ）is she twelve ? is he tims brother ?is her mother an english teacher ?含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上not”，前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为im not a chinese boy. she isnt twelve .he is not tims btother . her mother isnt an english teacher .(2)含有情态动词的句子 （ can ）, she can play basketball.his mothers cousin can sing many english songs.含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态动词交换位置”，上面两句变一般疑问句分别为can she play basketball ?can his mothers cousin sing many english songs ?含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not ,上面两个陈述句变否定句分别为she can not play basketball .his mothers cousin can not sing many english songs .(3)含有行为动词的句子we have many friends. they watch tv at 7 in the evening .the students take their books to school .i have lunch at school . you have a sister .1 含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为do you have many friends ?do they watch tv at 7 in the evening ?do the students take their books to school ?do you have lunch at school ? do you have a sister ?2 含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加dont .上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为we dont have many friends.they dont watch tv at 7 in the evening .the students dont take their books to school .i dont have lunch at school . you dont have a sister .3 含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加s (或es)如：she has a red pen . he has eggs for breakfast .her mother buys a skirt for her . she likes thrillers .my brother watches tv every evening .he wants to go to a movie .含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变一般疑问句要“在原句子的前面加上does , 同时行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为：does she have a red pen ? does he have eggs for breakfast ?does her mother buy a skirt for her ? does she like thrillers ？does your brother watch tv every evening ？does he want to go to a movie ？含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变否定句时“在行为动词前面加doesnt , 同时原行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变否定句分别为：she doesnt have a red pen . he doesnt have eggs for breakfast .her mother doesnt buy a skirt for her .she doesnt like thrillers . he doesnt want to go to a movie .my brother doesnt watch tv every evening . （三）形容词本册所学的形容词不多，注意拼法和反义词big (small) long (short) sad (happy) boring (interestingfunny ) exciting difficult relaxing great healthy old (new) successful white (black) favorite busy(free) tired （四）代词1. 英语有下面这些人称代词：单数复数一二三一二三主格i youhe she itweyouthey宾格meyouhim her itusyouthem人称代词作主语时用主格：i am(we are)learning english. 我(们)在学英语。do you live here? 你住这儿吗？where is he(she)(are they)from? 他(她，他们)是哪儿人？作宾语或介词宾语时通常用宾格：tell me(us)your name. 告诉我(们)你的名字。we are proud of him(her, them). 我们为他(她，他们)感到骄傲。作表语时用宾格时较多：whos knocking at the door? its me. 谁在敲门？是我。2. 物主代词有下面这些：我的你的他(她，它)的我们的你们的他们的形容词型的物主代词myyourhis, her, itsouryourtheir名词型的物主代词mineyourshis, hers, itsoursyourstheirs形容词型的物主代词只能作定语，如：this is my(our)room and that is her(their)room. 这是我(们)的房间，那是她(他们)的房间。名词型的物主代词在句中可用作表语、主语、宾语：this book is mine, and that one is yours(hers). 这本书是我的，那一本是你(她)的。their apartment is bigger than ours(yours). 他们的住房比我们(你们)的大。lets clean your room first, and ours(his)later. 咱们先打扫你的房间，再打扫我们(他)的房间。2、指示代词: this (these) that (those) 3、不定代词 some someone4、疑问代词 who what how much how old (疑问副词：when where )5、反身代词 yourself (五)数量词1、基数词 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty2、序数词 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth nineteenth twentieth twenty-first thirtieth fortieth fiftieth （六）介词：本册的介词较少，主要用在介词短语里面，如 on：on sale (销售) on weekends (在周末) on april 8th, (在四月八日) on the desk (在桌子上) on tv (在电视上) in：in english (用英语) in the afternoon (在下午) in the case (在盒子里) t-shirt in red (红色t恤) be in the movie（出演这部电影） in september (在九月) be strict in 对某事严格my mother is strict in my study.妈妈对我的学习严格。 be in our school music festival （参加我们学校的音乐节） at：call sb.at 3356 (拨打3356找某人) at your school (在你们学校里) at huaxing clothes store （在华兴服装店） at a very good price (以非常优惠的价格) at six (六点钟) have a look at (看一看) be good at 擅长于be strict with sb 对某人严格 be busy with =be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 of：a set of (一串) the photo of your family (你的全家照) lots of =a lot of (许多) date of birth（birthday）(生日)with：with sb. (同某人一起) be good with (和相处得好) help sb. with sth. (帮助某人做某事)=help sb doing sthfor：thanks for =thank you for (谢谢某人的.) bag for sports (运动包) pants for $30(卖30元的裤子) see for yourself (亲自看看) for girls (对女孩子来说) like sth. for lunch (喜欢吃当作午餐)about：learn about chinese history (学习有关中国历史) know about 了解under：under the desk (在桌子下面) （七）副词：除疑问副词外，本册的副词有only too very well often also really副词only often also really 等在句中的位置都是在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。注意几组词的区别：1、too, either 和also ：too一般放在句子的末尾，also在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。she is also a students. she also goes to school at six oclock. either 用于否定句末 he cant sing either.2、well 和 good ：两个词都有“好”的意思，但well 是副词，而good 是形容词，well修饰行为动词，放在行为动词的后面，good 修饰名词，放在名词的前面或放在be动词后。如play basketball well speak english well a good student good morning （八）冠词：只有不定冠词a (an)和定冠词the 两个 1、不定冠词a和an ：a用在辅音前，如 a pen a chair a school id cardan 用在元音前an old teacher an english book an action movie an auntan uncle an actor an interesting book an id card an egg an apple an orange注意辅音字母第一个音是元音的情况：f h l m n s x这七个字母的第一个音是元音，在说一个以上字母时要用an ,如an“f” (一个f) an “x” (一个x)。同时注意字母u,它是元音字母，但它的第一个音是辅音，因此说一个u，应为 a “u” 。2、定冠词the：当一个名词第二次出现时前面用the 。注意在三餐饭（breakfast lunch dinner ）前不用the ,月份和星期前都不用the ,体育活动的球类运动前面不用the 。如:have dinner in january december sunday play basketballplay tennis (volleyball soccer ping pong chess baseball) 在乐器的前面要用定冠词the 。如：play the guitar (the violin the piano the drum ) (九)连词：本册所学连词有and but or then and 连接两个词或两个句子，表示前后的句子意思顺接。如：i like thrillers and i like action movies. but 连接两个句子，表示后面意思转折。如：he likes tomatoes but she doesnt like broccoli. or 表示选择关系。如：can you play the piano or the violin? i can play the piano. then表示动作的先后顺序。then i go to school. 二、句子（句子的种类）：句子分为四种即 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。这里重点介绍疑问句和祈使句 （一）疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句 1、一般疑问句：见前面的动词部分。一般疑问句的回答用“yes”或“no”开头，用“yes”作肯定, 回答时后面不能出现“not”，用“no”作否定回答时后面要出现“not”。如：yes, it isnt. no, he does.2、特殊疑问句：其结构为“ 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句的结构