（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 The world of colours and light讲义 牛津译林版选修8.doc

unit 3 the world of colours and light话题词汇1.painter n.画家2.master n.大师3.painting n.绘画；油画4.beauty n.美5.feature n.特点6.landscape painting山水画7.look alive栩栩如生8.an art exhibition艺术展览9.traditional chinese paintings中国传统绘画10.western modern paintings西方现代绘画经典语篇一些学校为了让学生有更多的时间学习文化知识，取消了美术课(art lessons)。你对此持反对意见，请从以下三个方面谈谈你的看法。1.美术课可以培养我们的艺术品位；2.欣赏艺术作品可丰富我们的生活；3.美术课会营造更活跃的课堂氛围。注意：1.词数150左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：艺术品位artistic taste；氛围atmosphere佳作欣赏the problem mentioned above is rather common among many schools.there is no doubt that it is wrong to cancel art lessons. personally，i hold a firm belief for the following reasons.first，thanks to art classes，our artistic taste has been greatly improved.through enjoying various art works in our free time，we add colors to our daily life. whats more，compared with other classes，art classes create a more lively atmosphere for us，in which we share more laughter and happiness.in a word，contacting with art gives huge benefits to our healthy growth. our life is measurably better when we have access to art.it is art classes that are one of the necessary unavoidable parts in school teaching.思维发散1.用句型“it is by no means a good idea to do sth.”改写第句there is no doubt that it is by no means a good idea to cancel art lessons.2.用分词短语作状语改写第句in our free time we can enjoy various art works，adding colors to our daily life.3.用be of great benefit 改写第句in a word，contacting with art is of great benefit to our healthy growth.重点单词a.写作单词1.abstract (adj.)抽象的；(n.)摘要，概要2.commit (vt.& vi.)全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证3.being (n.)身心；存在；生物 4.changeable (adj.)多变的，易变的 5.calculate (vt.& vi.)计算；推测calculation (n.)计算；预测，推测6.reward (n.)回报，报酬，奖励；(vt.)奖励，给以报酬rewarding (adj.)值得做的，有益的；报酬高的7.passerby (n.)路人，过路的人passersby (pl.)8.admission (n.)(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费admit (v.)承认；允许进入；允许加入9.disgusting (adj.)令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的disgust (vt.)使厌恶，使反感disgusted (adj.)厌恶的，憎恶的，反感的10.accommodation (n.)住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解accommodate (vt.)为(某人)提供住宿11.dormitory (n.)集体宿舍b.阅读单词12.birthplace (n.)出生地；发源地13.architecture (n.)建筑；建筑学14.output (n.)产量，输出量；输出15.medium (n.)(艺术创作的)材料，形式；媒介，传媒；(adj.)中等的16.acute (adj.)锐角的；强烈的；(疾病)急性的；灵敏的；敏锐的17.cube (n.)立方体，立方形18.rectangle (n.)长方形，矩形19.consensus (n.)共识，一致的意见20.helicopter (n.)直升机 21.tank (n.)坦克；(储存液体或气体的)箱，槽，罐22.shadow (n.)阴影，影子；阴暗处23.starry (adj.)布满星星的；像星星的，明亮的24.agent (n.)代理人，经纪人25.franc (n.)法郎26.ankle (n.)踝，踝关节27.suite (n.)(旅馆)套房；一套家具28.spray (vt.)喷，喷洒，向喷洒；(n.)喷剂；喷雾；浪花29.canal (n.)运河；灌溉渠30.scenery (n.)风景，景色，风光31.chef (n.)厨师，(尤指)主厨，厨师长32.dip (vt.& vi.)浸，蘸33.wrinkle (vt.& vi.)(使)起皱纹；(n.)皱纹，皱褶，皱痕34.souvenir (n.)纪念物，纪念品35.scholarship (n.)奖学金scholar (n.)学者；奖学金获得者36.cloth (n.)布料，织物；(一块)布clothing (n.)衣服；(尤指某种)服装clothes (n.)(pl.)衣服；服装.重点短语1.range from.to.从到，在和之间2.be eager to do sth.渴望做某事3.be typical of是特有的；是典型的4.upwards of在以上，大于，超过5.be off to动身去6.build up增强，积累，增多7.make a reservation预订8.gain admission to被录取9.cut up切碎，剁碎10.lay out布置，设计；铺开，展开11.cut sth.out (of sth.)剪出，剪下12.have a go (at)试一试13.experiment with用做实验.经典句式1.he did not just paint，but made sculptures and worked with all kinds of media.他不仅绘画，还创作雕塑，利用各种材料创作作品。2.only on such a trip can you gain a better appreciation of european art.只有在这样的旅行中你才能很好地欣赏欧洲的艺术。3.hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.第二天早晨我们一离开宿舍，就意识到把地图落在宿舍里了。4.after his graduation，this project was exhibited in art galleries all over china，making him famous nationwide.他毕业后，这个项目在中国各地的艺术画廊展出，使他闻名全国。5.once it is stuck on，you can spray the different sections of the picture with paint.一旦这经被贴住，你就可以用颜料喷涂画的不同部分了。1(1)commit a crime犯罪commit suicide自杀commit oneself to (doing) sth.be committed to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事(2)commitment n.承诺，保证；承担义务；献身，投入make a commitment to do.作出的承诺(1)this is the reason why more and more people always commit a crime.这就是有越来越多的人犯罪的原因。(2)there are unconfirmed reports that he tried to commit suicide.有未经证实的报道说他曾企图自杀。(3)this proves that，with commitment and determination，all obstacles can be overcome.这证明，只要全心全意地投入并有决心，就能克服所有的障碍。多维训练(1)用所给词的适当形式填空on balance，i think i would rather not commit myself to going (go) with you.we made a commitment (commit) to keep working together.(2)the local government has made a to the public that it will improve air quality and give them a blue sky within three years.a.compromise b.comparisonc.competence d.commitment答案d解析句意为：当地政府已经向公众作出承诺，在三年内改善空气质量，还他们一个蓝天。compromise 妥协，折衷；comparison 比较；competence 能力；commitment 承诺。2reward vt.奖励，给以报酬；报答；n.回报，报酬，奖励 应试指导in reward for作为高级词汇替换in return for(1)in reward for为奖赏as a reward for作为对的奖赏(2)reward sb.with sth.用某物回报某人(3)rewarding adj.有益的，值得的；有报酬的，报答的(1)he was given a medal as a reward for his service.作为对他所提供服务的奖赏，他得到了一枚奖章。(2)when it comes to the selling of houses，businesses also use highly rewarding tactics.当说到房产销售，这些行业同样也使用一些回报丰厚的策略。(2015重庆)词义辨析reward，award，prize(1)reward n.& vt.报酬，奖励，指对某人的工作或服务等的回报，也指因做好事而得到的奖金或报酬。reward后只接一个宾语。reward sb.with sth.用酬谢某人(2)award vt.授予，颁发，判给；n.指一种官方的奖励行为，给在工作、学习等中表现优异的人的一种奖励。award后可接双宾语。be awarded for.因而受奖award sb.sth.颁发给某人某物(3)prize n.多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。be awarded a prize for因而获奖win the nobel prize for peace获诺贝尔和平奖the first prize in lottery中头彩多维训练(1)用reward，award，prize的适当形式填空he received a reward of 900 from the police for catching the criminal.he won the first prize in the singing contest.he was awarded a scholarship as an award，which was also a reward of his diligence.(2)翻译句子就金钱而言，这个工作没什么回报，但是我从中可以得到有价值的经验。the job is not very rewarding in terms of money，but i can gain valuable experience from it.(3)clare has offered a of 100 to anyone who can find her lost cell phone.a.benefit b.costc.reward d.price答案c解析句意为：克雷尔提供100美元赏金给找到她手机的人。benefit利益，好处；cost钱，代价，花费，费用；reward报酬，报答，赏金，酬金；price价格，价钱。从信息句who can find her lost cell phone可判断是赏金，故选c项。(4)martin was once the title of “advanced worker” for his excellent work in his company.a.paid b.prizec.rewarded d.awarded答案d解析句意为：马丁曾因在公司的出色工作被授予“先进工作者”的称号。pay付钱；prize奖品；reward报答；award授予。be awarded the title of被授予称号。 3cut down (on)缩小；缩减(尺寸、数量等)cut across/through抄近路穿过cut short中断，打断cut off切(砍)掉；切断；隔绝cut in插嘴cut back (on)减少，削减(1)he cut up the meat on his plate.他把肉在盘子上切成小块。(2)the water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes.水供应已暂时被切断，因为工人们正在维修其中一个主管道。多维训练she found it hard to keep both ends meet，so the hostess decided to on daily necessities.a.cut off b.cut downc.cut up d.cut back答案d解析句意为：由于发现入不敷出，女主人决定削减日常必需品开支。cut off切断；cut down砍倒；cut up切碎；cut back on削减。故d项符合句意。4lay down放下；声明lay aside储存；不去考虑；搁置一旁lay off解聘lay emphasis/stress on强调(1)grace laid out the knives and forks at the table.格雷丝把刀叉摆放在餐桌上。(2)we came to the point at the last moment that the coach had laid stress on.我们在最后一刻谈到了教练已经强调过的要点。多维训练(1)用lay，lie的适当形式填空the boy lied that the white hen had laid a black egg and that he had laid it in the box which was lying under this bed.her face fell when she heard that she would be laid off.the workers are laying pipes under the road.(2)across the yangtze river more than one bridge，the nanjing changjiang bridge being the first one.a.lay b.lies c.lie d.laid答案b解析句意为：长江上有不只一座跨江大桥，南京长江大桥是第一座。题干是介词短语放在句首的完全倒装句。主语是more than one bridge并根据句意知，谓语用一般现在时及单数形式。 故选b。(3)the committee asked for these suggestions to be on paper，so that they might study them further.a.brought down b.handed downc.laid down d.put down答案d解析句意为：委员会要求把这些建议记在纸上，这样他们可以进一步研究它们。bring down降低； hand down传递下去；lay down放下；put down记下，选d。5多维训练(1)完成句子 should you have any problems with accommodation(万一你住宿方面有问题的话)，you could stay in my apartment in beijing.the runway of this airport is undergoing expansion to accommodate large planes(以容纳大型飞机).(2)the new apartment is large enough to over two hundred people.a.provide b.accommodatec.contain d.treat答案b解析句意为：这所新公寓足够大，能容纳200多人。accommodate容纳，符合句意。 6多维训练(1)most parks in our city are free.they dont charge money for .a.agreement b.admissionc.allowance d.permission答案b解析句意为：我市绝大部分公园是免费的，入园不收费。agreement协定，协议；admission许可入场，准许进入；allowance津贴，补助，零用钱；permission允许，许可，准许。(2)the thief was to three years in prison after he admitted into mrs.robinsons house that night.a.caught；to have brokenb.caught；breakingc.sentenced；to breakd.sentenced；breaking答案d解析句意为：小偷在承认那天晚上闯入了mrs.robinson的家之后，被判处坐牢三年。sentence sb.to.判处某人；admit后跟动名词作宾语。7特别提醒表示“前往”的常见表达：head for；make for；leave for多维训练短语填空(1)he set off early so that he could get there on time.(2)they lit a fire to keep off wild animals.(3)my family was badly off in those days.(4)you said he was off duty.(5)not only will you pass the interview，but you will be off to a better start.8once it is stuck on，you can spray the different sections of the picture with paint.一旦它被贴住，你就可以用颜料喷涂画的不同部分了。once在本句中引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦就”。如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be.”形式时，从句中的“主语be”或“it be”可以省略。(1)they made up their mind that they would buy a new house once larry changed jobs.他们下定决心，一旦larry换了工作他们就买新房子。(2)once broadcast，the tv play will be very popular with young people.一旦开播，这部电视剧将会非常受年轻人的欢迎。多维训练(1)补全句中的省略成分once heard，the song will never be forgotten.once it is heard，the song will never be forgotten.(2)翻译句子你一旦到这儿来，就要听从老师的。once you are here，listen to your teacher.(3)i believe you will have a wonderful time here you get to know everyone else.(2015陕西，20)a.though b.as ifc.once d.so that答案c解析句意为：一旦你认识了其他人之后，我相信你会在这儿过得愉快。once一旦，符合句意。故选c。(4) the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.(2015北京，32)a.until b.unlessc.once d.although答案c解析句意为：一旦造成损害，要花费许多年的时间耕地才能恢复。until直到；unless除非；once一旦；although尽管。由句意可知选c。微写作写作素材(关于观看展览)1.上星期我和我的同学去了展览馆。2.展览馆里有很多油画正在展出。3.因为免费入场，很多人去那里欣赏抽象的油画。4.通过看展品，我们学到了很多。5.然后我们买了一些纪念品，然后高高兴兴地回家了。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用where引导的定语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)last week，my classmates and i were off to the gallery，where many oil paintings were being exhibited.because of admission free，many people went there to enjoy abstract oil paintings.by watching the exhibits，we learned a lot.then we bought some souvenirs and returned home happily.单项填空1.little john hardly got anything in for his kind act， made him unhappy.a.award；as b.reward；whichc.prize；which d.medals；as答案b解祈句意为：小约翰几乎没有得到任何东西作为他善举的奖赏，这使他不高兴。第一空填 reward“奖赏，酬劳”，in reward for 作为的奖赏。“award奖励，prize奖项，medal 金牌”这三个都不能和in.for搭配；第二空填which，引导非限制性定语从句，指前面的句子，意为“这”；as也可以引导非限制性定语从句，但意为“正如”。故选b项。2.traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they on their life journey.a.give up b.settle downc.get through d.set off答案d解析句意为：依照惯例，大学生在踏上人生之旅前，要举办毕业典礼来自我激励。give up放弃；settle down定居，专心于；get through通过，到达；set off 出发，动身。由句意知选d项。3.not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad.a.he had considered b.had he consideredc.he considered d.did he consider答案d解析句意为：直到三年前从教学岗位上退休后他才考虑到去国外度假。not until结构位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序，因此可以排除a、c两项。根据three years ago可知主句用一般过去时态。故选d。4.hardly raining the pla fighters started on their way again.a.it had stopped；before b.it had stopped；thenc.had it stopped；than d.had it stopped；when答案d解析hardly.when.为固定搭配，当hardly置于句首时，所在句子应倒装。5.never before seen anybody who can play tennis as well as robert.a.had she b.she hadc.has she d.she has答案c解析句意为：她从来都没有看到过任何人打网球和robert一样好的。表示否定的副词never等放在句首，句子要用部分倒装结构，且本句时态应为现在完成时。故选c项。6.hot the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.a.although b.asc.while d.however答案b解析hot作从句的表语，提前时从句用倒装，即as引导的让步状语从句要用倒装，而although不用于此结构。故选b。7.after the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families.a.accommodation b.occupationc.equipment d.furniture答案a解析句意为：地震之后，当地政府首先做的事情就是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。accommodation住处，容身之处；occupation职业，工作，占据；equipment设备，装备；furniture家具。由句意可知，应选a项。8.change3s soft landing proves that，with and determination，all obstacles can be overcome.a.requirement b.commitmentc.extension d.distinction答案b解析句意为：嫦娥三号的软着陆证明，只要全心全意地投入并有决心，所有的障碍都能被克服。requirement要求；commitment投入，奉献；extension延期，延伸；distinction区别，差别。根据句意可知，b项正确。9.health protection agency in britain has warned footballers to stop their habit of spitting as it could lead to the spread of the h1n1 virus.a.striking b.disgustingc.amazing d.entertaining答案b解析句意为：英国健康保护署警告足球球员停止令人讨厌的随地吐痰的习惯，因为这可能导致h1n1病毒的传播。striking吸引人的；disgusting令人讨厌的；amazing令人惊异的；entertaining令人愉快的。根据句意知选b项。10.his early works，mostly in the traditional chinese style，reflected the of eastern china.a.sight b.sceneryc.view d.scene答案b解析句意为：他的早期作品，主要是以传统的中国风格创作的，反映了中国东部的自然风光。sight指人们游览观光的风景，表示“名胜，人文景观”；scenery指自然风光；view指从某一位置所看到的情景；scene指眼前所看到的场景，包括人与人的活动在内。根据句意可知选b项。11.the parents were happy to know that their son had won to beijing university.a.permission b.allowancec.recognition d.admission答案d解析句意为：得知儿子被北京大学录取，父母很高兴。admission录取，进入，承认，符合句意。permission允许；allowance津贴；recognition识别。12.if you dont your smoking，i will your supply.a.cut up；cut down b.cut down；cut offc.cut in；cut off d.cut in；cut up答案b解析句意为：如果你不减少抽烟，我将中断供应。cut down削减；cut off切断，中断。故选b项。13.you will be successful in the interview you have confidence.a.before b.oncec.until d.though答案b解析句意为：一旦你有了信心，面试就会成功。once一旦，符合句意。14.someone has upset the photographs i so carefully，which made me quite angry.a.laid off b.laid outc.laid down d.laid aside答案b解析句意为：有人弄乱了我精心布置的照片，这让我非常生气。lay off裁员，解雇；lay out布置，设计；lay down放下；lay aside把放在一边。由句意知选b项。15.did linda see the traffic accident?no，no sooner than it happened.a.had she gone b.she had gonec.has she gone d.she has gone答案a解析no sooner.than.表示“一就”，前面的主句通常用过去完成时，后面的从句通常用一般过去时，而且当no sooner置于句首时前面的主句应用部分倒装结构。故选a。.阅读理解(2015重庆，e)the values of artistic works，according to cultural relativism(相对主义)，are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.such a view，however，fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.history has witnessed the endless productions of shakespearean plays in every major language of the world.it is never rare to find that mozart packs japanese concert halls，as japanese painter hiroshige does paris galleries.unique works of this kind are different from todays popular art，even if they began as works of popular art.they have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.in a 1757 essay，the philosopher david hume argued that because “the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature，” the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent.he observed that homer was still admired after two thousand years.works of this type，he believed，spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art.for example，evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the longlasting themes and plot devices in fiction.the structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before.research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.16.according to the passage，what do we know about cultural relativism?a.it introduces different cultural values.b.it explains the history of artistic works.c.it relates artistic values to local conditions.d.it excites the human mind throughout the world.答案c解析细节理解题。根据文章第一句可知相对主义文化是地方社会和经济状况的反应。故选择c。17.in paragraph 2，the artists are mentioned in order to show that .a.great works of art can go beyond national boundariesb.history gives art works special appeal to set them apartc.popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great artsd.great artists are skilled at combining various cultures答案a解析推理判断题。根据第二段列举的三个例子可以看出艺术作品是没有国界的。故选择a。18.according to hume，some works of art can exist for centuries because .a.they are results of scientific studyb.they establish some general principles of artc.they are created by the worlds greatest artistsd.they appeal to unchanging features of human nature答案d解析细节理解题。根据题干中的hume可将答案锁定在第三段。该段主要引用哲学家大卫休谟的话来说明艺术作品的价值能够十分长久是因为人类不变的天性。故选d项。19.which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?a.are artistic values universal?b.are popular arts permanent?c.is human nature uniform?d.is cultural relativism scientific?答案a解析标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了艺术作品是永恒受欢迎的，因此其价值也是共同的。.任务型阅读could your cellphone give you cancer？whether it could or not，some people are worrying about the possibility that phones，powerlines and wifi could be responsible for a range of illnesses，from rashes to brain tumors.for example，camilla rees,48，a former investment banker in the us，moved out of her apartment in san francisco because of the radiation coming from next door.rees told the los angeles times that when her neighbors moved in and installed a wifi router she lost her ability to think clearly.“i would wake up dizzy in the morning.id fall to the floor.i had to leave to escape that nightmare，” she said.sin