汽车构造43.doc

汽车构造(structure of automobile) The major systems of an automobile are the engine, fuel system, transmission, electrical system, cooling and lubrication system, and the chassis, which includes the suspension system, braking system, wheels and tires, and the body. These systems will be found in every form of motor vehicle and are designed to interact with and support each other. I .Engine 发动机 1. 曲柄连杆结构 crank mechanism 1.1缸体cylinder block 1.2 汽缸盖 cylinder head 1.3 油盘 oil pan 1.4 活塞 piston 1.5连杆 connecting rod 1.6飞轮 fly wheel 1.7缸垫 gasket kit 1.8 机轴crankshaft2配气结构 air intake and exhaust system 2.1 进气门系统 air intake system 2.1.1 进气门 air intake 2.1.2 进气歧管intake manifold 2.1.3空气过滤器air filter 2.1.4 热控阀 heat control valve 2.1.5 turbo charger 涡轮增压 2.2排气门系统 air exhaust system 2.2.1 排气门 air exhaust system 2.2.2排气歧管exhaust manifold 2.2.3 排气管 exhaust pipe /tailpipe 2.2.4 排气净化器exhaust purifier 2.2.5 消音器muffler3燃料供给系 fuel supply system 3.1 汽油箱 fuel tank 3.2 汽油表 fuel level indicator 3.3汽油管 fuel pipe3.4 汽油滤清器 fuel filter3.5汽油泵 fuel pump3.6化油器 carburetor3.7空气滤清器 air cleaner3.8进排气歧管 intake and exhaust manifold 4冷却系 cooling system 4.1水箱 water tank 4.2水泵 water pump 4.3散热器 radiator 4.4风扇 fan 4.5节温器thermostat 4.6 水温表 water temperature gauge 4.7散热器放水开关radiator drainage valve5润滑系 lubricating system 5.1机油泵 oil pump 5.2集滤器 filter 5.3机油滤清器 oil filter 5.4 油道 oil road 5.5限压阀limiter 5.6机油表oil table 5.7感压塞 sense of tamponade5.8油尺dipstick6 点火系ignition system 6.1 蓄电池storage battery 6.2发电机 alternator 6.3分电器distributor 6.4点火线圈ignition coil6.5火花塞sparking plug7 起动系starting system7.1 点火开关ignition switch7.2 启动继电器starting relay7.3 起动机starterII 底盘chassis1 传动系drive line system1.1离合器clutch1.2变速器transmission1.3万向节cardan joint1.4传动轴transmission shaft1.5驱动桥 drive axle2行驶系running gear2.1 车架automobile frame2.2车桥axle2.3 悬架suspension 2.4车轮wheel3转向系steering systeml.转向盘 2.安全转向轴 3.转向节 4.转向轮 5.转向节臂 6.转向横拉杆 7.转向减振器 8.机械转向器 3.1 转向轴steering shaft 3.2 转向盘steering wheel 3.3转向管柱steering column4制动系braking system 4.1制动操纵机构brake control 4.2制动器 4.2.1 鼓式制动器drum brake 4.2.2盘式制动器disc brake III车身carbody车身壳体 包括纵横梁和支柱车门door车窗window车前 制件车身内外装饰件车身附件座椅通风暖气冷气空气调节装置IV电气设备1蓄电池 storage battery2发电机 alternator3调节器 regulator4起动机starter4.1 外壳 housing4.2 电枢armature4.3 电刷 brush4.4 电刷弹簧brush spring 4.5电磁开关solenoid switch4.6轴承 bearing4.7电刷支架brush holder4.8电磁线圈field