山东省菏泽一中高中英语 Unit 1 Great scientists Period 4 Learning about language（Grammar）教案 新人教版必修5(1).doc

山东省菏泽一中2014高中英语 unit 1 great scientists period 4 learning about language（grammar）教案 新人教版必修5teaching aimsto help students learn to use useful words and expressionsto help students learn to use the past participle (1) as the predicative & attributeteaching proceduresi. making a listmake is a word which is so active that it forms numerous phrases. now make a list of phrases like “make a list, make mistakes”.collocations of makemake a guess, make a haircut, make haste, make holiday, make inquires, make a joke, make a journey, make a landing, make a leap, make a living, make a mistake, make a motion, make a noise, make a note, make an objection, make an offer, make peace, make preparation, make progress, make a progress, make a promise, make a proposal, make a recovery, make a remark, make a reply, make a report, make a request, make a resolution, make a speech, make trouble, make a turn, make warii. reading and findingread again the text john snow defeats “king cholera” and find out all the examples where the past participle is used.so many thousands of terrified people died. (used as attribute)but he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people. (used as predicative)iii doing exercisesturn to page 4 and complete in pairs exercises 1, 2 and 3. then check your answers against your partners.iv. learning about the making and uses of past participleto form the past participle of a verb, add the ending -ed to the base form. (but note that many common verbs have irregular past participle forms.) the past participle is used in the following circumstancesafter the auxiliary have in the perfect tense has the radio been fixed yet?after a form of the auxiliary be in the passive voicethe radio was fixed on monday.after the verbs have and get with a causative meaningwe had the radio fixed last week.as a passive participial adjectivethe recently fixed radio is broken again.过去分词作定语1单个的过去分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语一般要后置。two married womena found umbrellaa used stampfallen leavesa novel written by jimthe letter sent to our boss2过去分词具有被动或完成的含义。whats the language spoken in germany?they decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.3过去分词作定语常可扩展为一个定语从句。he is fond of the food cooked (=which had been cooked) by your mother.the report is the best of its kind ever written (=that has ever been written).4有时通过一个形容词或数词加另一名词的ed形式构成复合形容词。a three-legged desk a one-eyed dogan honest-faced man a warm-hearted ladyexplain the usage of the past participles as predicative and attribute.1. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词；不及物动词的过去分词能作表语的只限于少数表示位置转移的动词，如go, come, assemble等，它们用在连系动词之后，表示完成意义，无被动意义。例如：the man looked quite disappointed.he is greatly discouraged by her refusal.his hair is nearly all gone.已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语，常见的有accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, excited, frightened, hurt, interested, lost, satisfied, surprised, worried等。2. 过去分词作定语a）用作前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义。例如：we like skating in the frozen lake in the winter.=we like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter.how many finished products have you got up to now?=how many products that have been finished have you got up to now?来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语，能作这样用的仅限以下几个词，这时仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义。例如：a retired worker=a worker who has retiredan escaped prisoner=a prisoner who has escapeda faded / withered flower=a flower that has faded / witheredfallen leaves=leaves that have fallenthe risen sun=the sun that has just risena returned student=a student who has returnedvanished treasure=treasure that has vanishedb) 用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句。例如：things seen are better than things heard.=things which are seen are better than things which are heard.the lobster broiled over charcoal was delicious.=the lobster which was broiled over charcoal was delicious.practice: 将下列句子译成英语。1. 他看上去又累又沮丧. 2. 我们一得到补充资金,就继续我们的实验。3. 我们可以看到被阳光照亮的月球的一部分.4. 经过一个激动和无眠的夜晚之后，第二天我强迫自己在海滨走了很久.5. 早在1649年,俄亥俄州就决定在每一个城镇建立免费的、由税收支持的学校。6. 彼得对这一切似乎很惊奇。sample answers: 1. he looked tired and depressed. 2. we will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund. 3. we can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight. 4. after a night spent in excitement and sleepless-ness, i forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day. 5. as early as in 1649, ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town. 6. peter was very amazed at all this. v. language points1. come to an end结束，终结，终止the meeting has come to an end.bring to an end; draw to an end; put an end to sth.im determined to put an end to all these rumours.3. constructionn. 建造，建设，构筑the construction of the dam took several years.the new bridge is still under construction.under construction / repair / discussion在建设中4. contributevt. & vi捐献，贡献，捐助everyone should contribute what he r she can afford.contribute to有助于，促成contribute sth. to把捐赠给,给投稿，为贡献make a contribution to为做贡献all this contributed to our success.he co