山东省菏泽市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（6）.docVIP

山东菏泽市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮选练（6）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。(crime in computer) new and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer technology. organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates. this is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram. an international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market. buyers for stolen programs may range from a firms competitors to foreign nations. a competitor sabotages a companys computer system to destroy or cripple the firms operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector. this computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm. with the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price. criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime. politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent. sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack. several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base. a university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing. computer vulnerability has been amply documented. one congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against sabotage. organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups. investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics. criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating political leaders. computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery. criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation. by sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun. by manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers. cities and nations could become hostages. homicide could take a now form. the computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century. the computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. it calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences. although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not. many still think in terms of traditional criminology.1. how many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?a. 7. . 8. c. 9. d. 102. what is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a companys computer?a. his purpose is to destroy or weaken the firms operational ability. his purpose is to weaken firms competitive capability and get it.c. his purpose is to buy the rivals company at a relatively low price.d. his purpose is to steal important data.3. which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?a. sabotage of a university computer. sabotage of a hospital computer.c. sabotage of computer at a secret training base.d. sabotage of a factory computer.4. what does the author mean by “homicide could take a new form”?a. there is no need to use a gun in killing a person. criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.c. the computer can replace any weapons.d. the function of a computer is just like a gun.vocabulary1. bizarre 奇怪的2. vandalism 破坏，故意破坏文化，艺术的行为3. cripple 使瘫痪，削弱4. fence 贼市，脏品买卖处5. neutralize 使成为无效6. affluent 富裕的7. recordkeeping 记录存贮8. havoc 浩劫，大破坏9. resort to 求助于，借助于10. motivate 作为的动机，激发11. extremist 过激分子，极端主义分子12. sprout 萌发迅速发展13. awesome 令人惊惧的，引起敬畏的14. vulnerability 易受攻击，脆弱15. devastation 劫持，破坏16. hospital life-support system 医院的生命维持系统17. hit man 职业凶手（杀手）18. pool 集中（资金）合办，入股19. criminology 犯罪学，刑事学难句译注1. organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes结构简析 句子很长，都是简单句，中间有分号隔开，后面是举例。参考译文 有组织犯罪团伙也直接参与：计算机新技术较为犯罪提供了无限的机会，如数据信息犯罪，偷窃服务项目，跟财产有关的犯罪，工业破坏，跟政治有关的破坏，破坏文化艺术，对个人和财经方面的罪行等等。2. an international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market.结构简析 并列句，and 作对比连接词用。参考译文 一个计算机信息的国际市场已经存在，而专门从事脏品交易的市场据说在迅速扩展的犯罪市场中起着关键的作用。3. a competitor sabotages a companys computer system to destroy or cripple the firms operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector.结构简析 主谓宾补结构，后跟thus+从句表示结果。参考译文 竞争对手破坏一个公司的计算机系统为的是摧毁或削弱公司的操作运行能力，从而使其丧失在私人或政府部门中的竞争力。4. the computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. it calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences.结构简析 两句话。前一句为主谓宾，后一句为主从句，从句内采用tooto 句型，后跟分词独立结构进一步说明。参考译文 计算机为国内和国际有组织犯罪集团开辟了犯罪的广泛领域。它要求它们集中资源，提高通力协作力量，因为许多犯罪太复杂，一个集团难以驾驭，特别是那些需要巨大的脏品交易时常网络的罪行。写作方法与文章大意文章介绍“计算机犯罪”，采用分类写作手法，先列出种种计算机犯罪项，下面逐一说明。文本只选四种犯罪信息数据偷窃或信息（数据）犯罪，产业破坏，政治破坏，对个人生命破坏。分四段叙述，每段为一种罪行，最后是对比罪犯势力越来越有组织，势力请大，而司法部门却没有准备好。答案祥解1. b. 种，具体罪行。见难句译注。2. b. 他的目的是削弱公司竞争力进而得到它。答案见难句译注及第二段第二句起：“计算机破坏也可以和富裕的投资者欲得到对手的公司的企图相连。随着公司对计算机记录存储的信赖性加强，破坏他们的计算机可以造成内部大破坏。之后，对取得这个公司感性趣的集团很容易在级低价格上买进。”a. 削弱公司运转能力。c. 在相当低的价格上买进对手的公司。这两个选项都只是破坏目的的一个方面。d. 偷窃重要资料，文内没有讲。3. c 破坏秘密训练基础。这可以标以政治目的的破坏计算机。a. 大学b. 医院d. 工厂。这三个地方都难以和政治直接相连，第三段讲的大学是“参与国防保卫工作的大学计算机措施”，和一般大学不一样。只有秘密训练的基地和真正相连的可能性最大，所以选c.4. b. 犯罪可以通过计算机任意杀人。答案在第五段：“犯罪集团曾采取步骤暗杀政治领袖。医院的生命维护系统，实验室，大型外科手术中都用计算机。罪犯们很容易把这些计算机转变成破坏的工具。通过破坏生命维护系统计算机，罪犯们就像用枪一样很容易杀死人。通过控制计算机，他们可以指导这可怖的工具攻击大城市中心。城市和国家都可以成为人质。谋杀具有新的形式，计算机可能成为世纪的事业杀手。”a. 杀人不需要用枪。这话太笼统，不用枪，用什么。用毒药，用刀？c. 计算机可以取代任何武器。d. 计算机的功能就像枪，错误的。【2014高考英语四川省凉山州一模试题】b one of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a sea oftechnology rather than experiencing the natural world.，and computer games are leading to aserious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of theworld, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on childs play each of us has a place in nature to go sometimes, even if it was torn down. we cannot be，the last generation to have that place. at this rate, kids who miss the sense of wondering outdoorswill not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. if the decline in park use continuesacross north america, who will defend parks against encroachment（蚕食）？”asks richard louv,author of last child in the woods. without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out ahuge enrichment of their lives. that applies to everything from their physical health and mentalhealth, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive （认知的）skills. experts predict modern kids willhave oooner health than their oarents-and thev sav a lack of outside olav is surelv dart of it.research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and thatplaying in nature fosters leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. even a tiny outdoorexperience can create wonder in a child. the three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes heis not alone in the world. a clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in hiseyes. we really need to value that more. kids are not to blame. they are over-protected and frightened. it is dangerous out there fromtime to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an min as a process ofgrowing up. everyone, from developers to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for ourkids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods thatstrengthen love, respect and need for landscape. as parents, we should devote some of ourenergies to taking our kids into nature. this could yet be our greatest cause.35. the main idea of paragraph 2 is that a. our generation has a place to go in nature when we are young b, parks in north america have declined a lot recently c. richard louv is the author of last child in the woods d. children are expected to develop into protectors of nature36. according to the passage, children without experiencing nature will a. keep a high sense of wonder b. be over-protected by their parents c. be less healthy both physically and mentally d. change wild places and creatures for the better37. what does sea of technoloev mean in the first paragraph? the technology of a. catching animals in the sea b. tv and computer games c. playing games d. sea food38. in writing this passage; the author mainly intends to a. blame children for getting lost in computer games b. encourage children to protect parks from encroachment c. show his concern about childrens lack of experience is nature d. inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around35、d 3638、cbc 【2014高考英语四川省凉山州一模试题】c gone with the wind author; margaret mitchell 25 (in bookstores) 18 (online) gone with the wind is a best-seller, which tells a story that happened in the americancivil war. scarlett ohara is a woman in the story who is full of energy. she is strong andsaves her family but is very selfish at the same time. a little princess author：frances hodgson burnett 18.3 (online) motherless sara crewe was sent home from india to school at miss minchins. herfather was very rich and she lived a rich and comfortable life. then her father died andsara lost everything. she had to learn to do with her changed life. her strong charactermade her able to fight successfully against her poverty and the scorn（嘲笑）of her fellows.its an excellent book with 4 tapes for children. peterpan author; j. m. barrie 15 (in bookstores) 12 (online) it is a children，story full of imagination and adventures,which is about wendy，john,and michael darlings adventures in never-never land with peter pan,the boy who wouldnot grow up. the children are happy and lovely. (with 2 tapes) uncle toms cabin author; harriet beecher stowe 20 (in bookstores) the most famous novel in american history, uncle toms cabin talked about thestruggle between free states and slave states during the american civil war and is aspowerful today as when it first came out 150 years ago. the secret garden author; frances hodgson bumett 35 (in bookstores) 30 (online) mary lennox, a sickly orphan（孤儿），finds herself in her uncles dark house. why are somany moms locked? why is one of the gardens locked? and what is that crying she hears atnight? thmugh the power of hope, friendship, and the magic of nature, the brave girl brings thehouse and a long-lost garden back to life39. all of the following books have children as their main characters except a. peter p、n b. gone with the wind c. alrrrle princess d. the secret g、rde40. we can know from the text that a. there are three books about american civil war b. we can buy any of the above books either in bookstores or online c. two of the above books were written by frances hodgson bumett d. the secret garden is 5 cheaper in bookstores than online41mary brings the house and a long-lost garden back to life with the help of一一一一一 . the power of hope b. friendship c. her uncle d. natures magic a. a, b, c b. a, c, d c. b, c, d d. a, b, d42. which of the following about the books is mentioned in this text? a. what caused his fathers death. b. why peter pan wouldnt grow up c. what kind of woman scarlett is. d. how marry lennox came into her uncles house.【参考答案】3940、bc 4142、dc 【2014高考英语四川省凉山州一模试题】d there are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. peoplehave generally viewed personal growth as an external(外部的）result or product that can easily beidentified and measured. the worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, theforeigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurableresults to show for their efforts by contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since bydefinition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. the process isnot the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, asthey go through new experiences and unexpected obstacles. in this pr