必修4Unit2.doc

必修4 Unit 2. New words and phrases.(P96). Language points:1. working the land-growing crops on the land 耕种土地work vt. 经营,管理(工厂，农场);耕耘(土地);开动,操作(机器，装置等);使工作/运转;创造(奇迹) work a big farm/the land / the fields/the machine/miracles/work(do)wonders.e.g: The machine is worked by wind power. He works his wife too hard.vi. 工作；运转；奏效，起作用 Most people had to work to earn a living. Immediately the machine worked again quite smoothly. Your idea wont work in practice.UN. 工作 works 著作，作品；工厂；工程，工事 a work of art.work out 计算出；制订出；解决(问题)；锻炼；结果为；理解，弄懂，说出work on / at 从事，忙于 work on/out a problem work as 担任，充当Ex. She was a skillful speaker who knew how to_a crowd. (arouse / raise/create/work)We didnt plan our art exhibition like that but it_very well. (worked out / tried out/went on/carried on)_work has been done to improve our living conditions.(Many/A great many/ A great number of/A great deal of)缩略句 if so/ not if any /ever/possible/necessary What if/what about/what for? How come?/Why not?Ex.Will you have a free evening tonight? _ lets have a dinner together. (If not/Why not/ If so/ What if)Have you previewed the text? _, please answer these questions._, read the text first and then answer them.There are a few spelling mistakes; _its quite a good essay.(all in all/above all/if so/even so)Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? Yes._, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city. (If ever/If busy/If anything/If possible)Pick out the mistakes in the following sentences,_? He is seldom, _, late for school._the earthquake happens in the future? _going to the theme park this afternoon? Its going to rain this afternoon._, youd better take an umbrella with you.Ill go to England with my parents next year. _?(11) Is everybody feeling hot? _, turn off the electric fan, please.(12)Shall we clean the classroom after class? _?3. statistic: CN(pl.) 统计数字, 统计资料 UN.统计学 Statistics show that/ according to official s/ crime s/ unemployment s.4. go to bed hungry ( tired and cold/ cold and hungry) He left home young and returned home old . (adj.短语在句中做伴随状语，说明主语的特征)5. consider doing (考虑) /sb. as/to be / to have done(认为)6. get sunburnt / his sunburnt face.7. for the past five decades. in / for / during/ over the past/ last few years (have done).Prices have risen sharply in the past decade. a decade ago8. struggle: vi. n.奋斗, 拼搏; 努力; 挣扎; 抗争,斗争,搏斗;艰难地行进 struggle for/ with (against)/with sb./ to do sth. a struggle with sb. for/ against sth./ between A and B.e.g: He has been struggling for success in business / to succeed in business. Some people are struggling _ power, while still others_ a living. He has been struggling cancer for many years.struggle_ existence/ freedom / independence/ struggle difficulties/ illness.The struggle _independence was long and hard. / He is engaged in a bittle struggle _his rival to get control of the company.Its a struggle _good and evil. I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags.struggle to ones feet without a struggle(未经努力)Ex. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle_.(being heard/ hearing/ to be heard/to hear).He fell _a rock in his walk and _to his feet.(A. off, ran B. over, struggled C. over, stood D. off, brought)The poor girl has been struggling _cancer for two years.(for/ against/ in /to)She_ (努力忍住眼泪)I realized strength and courage are not always measured in medals and victories but in the _ _we overcome. (sadness/ struggles/diseases/tiredness)_, a farmer was hurt in an accident. In order to get the medicine for her father as soon as possible, his daughter had to_. The little girl fell over now and then but she _, and she must _the wild animals on the road. All was to_. (struggle for existence/ a decade ago/ struggled to her feet/ struggle through the snowstorm/ struggle against)9. the first/last/next/only/best to do Ex. The last one_ pays the meal. Agreed! (arrived/ arrives/ arriving/to arrive)10. out put 产量、输出input 输入 increase the output by 30%.Input your order and the computer will output the correct data automatically.11. make/find/consider/think/believe/feel it(形宾) adj./n.(宾补)+真宾(to do/doing/that)make it possible (for sb.)to do sth/make it a rule to do sth./make it clear that/find it difficult(important)to do sth./feel it ones duty to do sth./think it an honour to do sth./consider it strange that/ find it no use/good doing sth.Ex. It was the teacher who made_ possible_ I went to college. A. me, that B. that, thatC. it, thatD. that, itHe didnt make_ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (this/that/it these)What a small meeting room! Do you think_ possible for so many students to sit in?改错 The old man made a rule to go out walking after supper. The teachers make it is easy for us to do the exercises after class. The snowstorm made that harder for us to finish the task ahead of time.The paper makes it clearly that the youth who are not older than 18 years old are not allowed to be trained as professional models.The girl made this out of secret that she had been the first in her class studying abroad.12. The factory has produced 15% more cars than last years This park is one-fifth larger than that one.倍数句型：A is three times / 1/3 / 70% larger than/as large as/ the size of B.Ex. It is reported that the United States uses_ energy as the whole of Europe.(as twice/twice much/twice much as/ twice as much)I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times_. (as much/ as many/ so much/so many)Ten years ago the population of our village was_ that of theirs. (as twice large as/twice as much as/ as twice much as/ twice as large as) What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is_ it is long.(half not as wide as/ wide not as half as/not half as wide as/ as wide as not half)Americans eat_ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. (more than twice/as twice as many/ twice as many as/ more than twice as many)13. 60%/ 2/3/ most/ half/ the rest/ some / part of+n. is/ are(单复数根据n定)Ex. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area_.(need repairing/needs to repair/needs repairing/need to repair)14. since 时间状从“自从”(ever) since then (have done). It has been/is 3 years since he graduated/smoked.原因状从now that.Ex. How long has this bookshop been in business? _ 1982. (after/In / From/since)_everybody knows about it, I dont want to talk any more. (For / Even/ Since/ However)改错： Since then, he developed another bad habit. Since I have received a strange e-mail, I have been worried.Since then, the farmers have been planted super hybrid rice.15. as a young man graduate from16. need. n.v. have a great need for/There is no need for sb. to do sth. / in need of/ meet (satisfy)ones need. need to do sth/ sb. to do sth. need doing/ to be done.Ex. Its too dirty. The classroom needs _. (to clean/being cleaned/ cleaning/ cleaned) _no need for you to quarrel _the man. (A. It is, to B. It is, with C. There is, with D. There is, to)17. hunger. UN. 饥饿 die of hunger CN.(sing)欲望,渴望 The children have a strong hunger for knowledge. v.(使)饥饿,渴望 They will not hunger any more./ The whole world hungers for peace./ The students hunger after new knowledge and ideas./ He hungered to see his mother. hunger for / after sth./to do sth. 渴望 hungry: adj. go hungry be hungry for / after sth.(love) 渴望 -have a strong hunger for/ hunger for(after)sth.c.f: hunger: 普通用词，指人体对于食物迫切需要的正常生理现象 Hunger and disease had weakened his constition(体质)starvation 语气重，指因长期缺乏食物所造成的痛苦，死亡，侧重人为的灾难所致. Millions will face starvation next year as a result of the drought.Ex. I am deeply disturbed and depressed so that I am freedom and relaxation.18. disturbing: adj. 引起烦恼的，令人不安的 the disturbing news.disturb: vt. 打扰,扰乱,搅乱,弄乱;使不安/心神不宁 Dont disturb the sleeping baby. /Tell me if Im disturbing you./ A light wind disturbed the smooth surface of the lake/The letter disturbed her greatly./She was disturbed to hear of the bad news.disturbing/disturbed: adj. 心神不宁的,烦恼的；精神紊乱的,动乱的 disturbance. n.扰乱e.g: They were all_ by the _news; that is, the news_ all of them.c.f: disturb 打扰，扰乱，弄乱；使焦灼不安 sb./the quietness of the night interrupt打断，使中断 ones study / Our conversation was constantly ed by the noises upstairs./ A flash ed the program.Ex. Production at the factory was _for two hours because of the accident. (missed/ lost/ disturbed/interrupted) He was_ by so many_ matters. It was very_ that there has been an increase in crime rate in the last six months.However, at times this balance in nature is_, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen efforts. (troubled /disturbed/confused/puzzled)19. search搜查/ search for 搜寻/searchfor/in search of 搜寻 /the/ ones search fore.g: They are searching every room. They are searching every room for the necklace. They are searching for the necklace. The police searched the thief for the necklace. They hurried from room to room in search of the necklace. I joined in their search for the necklace.Ex. Many of the villagers went into the mountains _the lost boy. (in search for / in search/ to search/ to search for)20. without (sb.) doing sth.: The party was organized without her knowing anything about it. David went to play football without eating breakfast.21. expand vt. vi.(使)变大,扩大,扩展,膨胀,增加；详述,细谈e.g: If water is heated, it will. / The water froze inside the pipe, causing it to expand and burst.He expanded his short story into a novel. His face expanded in a smile of welcome. The professor expanded on the topic. expand the wings / metals/production/business expand sth. into把扩展为 /expand into发展为/扩大为 expand on sth. 细说/阐述 expansion n. 扩大，膨胀expand 扩展,扩张 强调“范围”扩张 There are no plans to expand the local airport.extend 延伸（铁路）,强调纵向延伸或指时间空间等的延长，延续，延伸 extend the railway.The hot weather extended into October. They extended the railway to the next city.spread铺开,展开;传播(消息);(疾病)蔓延Mom spread a new table cloth on the table. She was told not to spread this secret around.stretch 伸长，拉长（由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长）也可指空间的延伸 These socks stretch. stretch / reach out ones handenlarge面积,体积,范围的扩大,(不可指重量,速度,时间等) 扩大照片,气球等increase 数量，大小等方面的扩大或增加.Ex. The population of the town_ rapidly in the 1960s. The fire_ from the factory to the warehouse nearby.As children grow older they_ their interests and become more confident. We will eventually _ _the road as far as the station.The wet weather_ _ into September. The ship building industry is rapidly_.The headmaster_ our holiday by four days. The new system_ the role of family doctors. (expanded/spread/developed/ increased) Metals_ when they are heated. (enlarge/expand/extend/stretch) The company has_ _from having one office to having twelve. (spread/expanded/supported/explained)22. circulate. v. 液体,气体)循环；(消息,谣言)流传,传播；流通,发行;传递,传送，传阅； (聚会)往来应酬,周旋e.g: The blood s round the body. / Please open a window to allow the air to./The news of her death ed (spread) quickly. / Rumors ed among the people rapidly./The document will be ed to all members./ The prince ed from group to group at the party. circulate sth. 使循环,流通/ circulate sth. to sb. 把传递(送)给/circulate about around/amongcirculation. n. have a good/ bad血液循环好/不好/ in 在流通(散布)blood/a of的发行量/be out of退出社交活动e.g: Bad blood circulation makes you feel cold. China Daily is mass-circulation newspaper.She is out of at the moment because she is working for her exams. circulate循环，传播/spread 传播，蔓延/distribute分发 distribute leaflets to passers-by.Ex. The news of the enemys defeat quickly _to the town. (expanded/cirulated/spreaded/moved)Hot water_ through the heating system. (circles/cycles/circulates/rounds)23. developing/developed/less developed countries24. thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为/thanks for 感谢 e.g: _his timely help, the little boy was saved. _ giving us advice. thanks to (状) /due to (表状,不放句首)/owing to (状表)/because of(状)/on account of(状)/as a result of/resulting from.eg. The accident was due to his careless driving. Owing to my absence, they had to put off the meeting until next week.Ex. It was_ John _we won the game. A. because, who B. because of, whom C. as, that D. thanks to , that_being late for the conference, the secretary was dismissed from the company. (In reference to / As for/ In case of/ On account of)The central finance has handed out 6.3 billion yuan to help local governments ease capital shortages _the snow disaster. (resulting in/ in spite of/ due to / in terms of) _the heavy rain, we were all stopped _getting there on time.(A. Due to,/ Owing for,/ C. Thanks for, from D. owing to, from.)Its acknowledged that the traffic accident was largely _the drivers carelessness. (because/ due to / thanks to/ with a result of)_our partys reform policy, the economic situation of our country has already_much better than before. (Owing to, turned on /Because of, turned over / Despite, tuned around /Thanks to, turned out)25. ridof 除掉，去掉，摆脱 (warn/inform/cure/rob/convince/rid sb of) rid sb. / sth. of使摆脱 rid oneself of (bad habit / debt) rid the kitchen of mice.Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.get rid of / be rid of/ be free of/ rid sb of break away fromI cant get rid of the headache. I was glad to be rid of the car when I finally sold it.The robbery suspect broke away from the prison.You should rid yourself of that bad habit. You should get rid of that bad habit.How can I rid the room of the bad smell? How can I get rid of the bad smell in the room.Ex. If I ruled the world, I would _the world _wars.A. get rid of, by B. be rid of, by C. rid, of D. get rid, ofThe doctor _him of the pain by taking out the tooth. (reminded/robbed/rid/charged)It is difficult to _the piles of rubbish _the city. A. get rid of, in B. get rid, of C. rid, of D. rid, inIf you want to advance yourself in your study, you will first have to _ yourself of those shortcomings that can become barriers to progress. (remove / cut/ reduce / rid)26. battle. n.v.战役,战斗,较量,斗争 a battle with sb. for sth. battle(v.)with(against)for sth.e.g: The people won the battle against the fire. They battled with the wind and the waves.the Battle of Waterloo Pingxingguan Battle. war/campaign/battle/fight.This was an important _in the Pacific _during the Second World_, in which the soldiers were _with the enemy with knives face to face.27. be satisfied withbe pleased with/be content with be satisfied to do sth. / that./ be content/ready to do sth.愿意做be satisfied of 确信： The judge was satisfied of his innocence / that he was innocent.satisfy(vt) (sb.)/satisfied/satisfying/satisfactory: adj./satisfactorily. adv./satisfaction. n. /dissatify(v.)/dissatisfaction.(n.)to ones_, nod with_, express ones _ with, far from_/not nearly_, a _smile/look/voice, a_ explanation, what _me most is that, _ ones needs/demand Your success is a great _to your parents.Ex. He gave me a _smile after he looked through my report. (satisfying/satisfactory/satisfied/satisfaction)He had to pick some apples _his hunger as he hadnt eaten anything for a whole day. (to satisfy/ to be satisfied/ to be satisfied with/ satisfied)Shes never_ _what she has got. (satisfying with/satisfied with / satisfied to/ satisfying to) No matter how hard she worked, she couldnt_ _her boss. He was _with the _service. He nodded with_, and left_.28. care about 介意，在乎；关心，对感兴趣/care for_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.Ex. It is dangerous to get into the matter but he seems to _little _that.The brother of mine doesnt _much _music. Compared to others, the baby is being better _in his family.Would you _a drink? She never_what others would think when she did that.29. would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth. /would prefer to do rather than do sth. / prefer doing to doing sth. would rather(not) do / have done/ sb. did (had done)Ex. John wants to see you today. I would rather he_(come)tomorrow.To enjoy the scenery, I would rather_(spend)long hours on the train than_(travel)by air.I would rather you_(know)that now than afterwards. On a cold day he prefers_(go)out to play football to_(stay) at home. I would rather you _with us yesterday, but you left.(stayed/stay/have stayed/had stayed)He said he would rather _it right now.(dont do/ not to do / not doing / not do)30. freedom: n. freedom of speech./freedom from care/ prejudice/speak with freedom/ have the freedom to do what you like.free: adj. vt. be free to do sth. / be free from (of)/for free/ free of charge/set free.You are free to go or stay. a sentence free from mistakes.31. keep sth. for: Ill keep a seat for you. keep time_his hobbies/ spend time_his hobbies32. mean little/ much/ a lot/ a great deal/ well/ ill to sb. 对有的意义/价值，用心良好/不良 Your friendship means a great deal to us.33. therefor