高考英语 试题分项版解析Ⅲ专题01 人物传记、故事类阅读理解（学生版）.doc

2012年全国及各地高考英语分类精品解析系列简介单项选择题分类解析系列专题01单项选择题分类解析（冠词、名词和主谓一致）专题02单项选择题分类解析（代词）专题03单项选择题分类解析（介词和介词短语）专题04单项选择题分类解析（形容词和副词）专题05单项选择题分类解析（动词和动词短语）专题06单项选择题分类解析（动词的时态和语态）专题07单项选择题分类解析（情态动词和虚拟语气）专题08单项选择题分类解析（非谓语动词）专题09单项选择题分类解析（定语从句）专题10单项选择题分类解析（连词和状语从句）专题11单项选择题分类解析（名词性从句）专题12单项选择题分类解析（特殊句式）专题13单项选择题分类解析（交际用语）完形填空题分类解析系列专题01记叙文完形填空专题02夹叙夹议完形填空阅读理解题分类解析系列专题01人物传记、故事类阅读理解专题02新闻报道、广告类阅读理解专题03社会生活、说理议论类阅读理解专题04科普类阅读理解专题05新题型阅读理解书面表达题分类及选择讲评专题01书面表达题分类及选择讲评（文字提纲式）专题02书面表达题分类及选择讲评（图画式）专题03书面表达题分类及选择讲评（开放式）一、(2012安徽卷)cwhen frida kahlos paintings were on show in london, a poet described her paintings as “ a ribbon （丝带）around a bomb”. such comments seem to suggest kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time. sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time.born in 1907 in a village near mexico city , kahlo suffered from polio（小儿麻痹症）at the age of seven. her spine（脊柱）become bent as she grew older. then, in 1925, her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident. throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but noting was able to cure the terrible pain in her back. however, the accident had an unexpected side effect. while lying in her bed recovering, kahlo taught herself to paint.in 1929, she got married to diego rivera, another famous mexican artist. riveras strong influences on kahlos style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and1940s, even in her home country. her first one-woman show in mexico was not held until 1953.for more than a decade after her death in 1954, kahlos works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last. 二、(2012山东卷) bone of the greatest contributions to the first oxford english dictionary was also one of its most unusual. in 1879, oxford university in england asked prof. james murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the english language. it would include every english word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文)showing how it was used. this was a huge task. so murrary had to find volunteers from britain, the united states, and the british colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in english. hundreds of volunteers responded, including william chester minor. dr. minor was an american surgeon who had served in the civil war and was now living in england. he gave his address as “broadmoor, crowthorne, berkshire,” 50 miles from oxford. minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to murray. over the next years, he became one of the staffs most valued contributors. but he was also a mystery. in spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit oxford. so in 1897， murray finally decided to travel to crowthorne himself. when he arrived, he found minor locked in a book-lined cell at the broadmoor asylum for the criminally insane. murray and minor became friends, sharing their love of words. minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. murray continued to visit minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. in 1910, minor left broadmoor for an asylum in his native america. murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. minor died in 1920, seven years before the first edition of the oxford english dictionary was completed. the 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient. 62. how did dr. minor contributed to the dictionary?a. he helped murray to find hundreds of volunteers. b. he sent newspapers, magazines and books to murray.c. he provided a great number of words and quotationsd. he went to england to work with murray. 【答案与解析】64. prof. murray and dr. minor became friends mainly because _.a. they both served in the civil war. b. they had a common interest in wordsc. minor recovered with the help of murrayd. murray went to america regularly to visit minor【答案与解析】65. which of the following best describe dr. minor?a. brave and determined b. cautious and friendly c. considerate and optimisticd. unusual and scholarly 【答案与解析】三、(2012课标卷)c about twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd-scene. although our act would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.we all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. the director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. a big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in snow. two more fans were turned on, and a strong wind blew through the trees. the picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.the next scene was a complete contrast (对比). the way it was filmed was quite unusual. pictures taken on an island in the pacific were shown on a glass screen (幕). an actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the waters edge on an island. by a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. for a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film stars!66. what would happen in the three minutes mentioned in the last paragraph?a. a new scene would be filmed.b. more stars would act in the film.c. the author would leave the studio.d. the next scene would be prepared.【答案与解析】四、(2012北京卷)bpeanuts to thisproudly reading my words, i glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. confused, i glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. having no choice, i slowly raised the report i had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “what could be causing everyone to act this way?”quickly, i flashed back to the day miss lancelot gave me the task. this was the first real talk i received in my new school. it seemed simple: go on the internet and find information about a man named george washington. since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, i had never heard of that name before. as i searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! one invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across america. i stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. i called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice：flip (掷) a coin. headsthe commander, and tailsthe peanuts guy. ah! tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, george washington carver.weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, i was totally lost. oh well, i lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what i had done wrong. as a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “my report is on george washington, the man who started the american revolution.” the whole world became quite! how could i know that she meant that george washington?obviously, my grade was awful. heartbroken but fearless, i decided to turn this around. i talked to miss lancelot, but she insisted: no re-dos; no new grade. i felt that the punishment was not justified, and i believed i deserved a second chance. consequently, i threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. ten months later, that chance unfolded as i found myself sitting in the headmasters office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. i smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. justice is sweet!62. the underlined word “burning” in para. 3 probably means _.a. annoyed b. ashamedc. ready d. eager【答案与解析】63. in the end, the author turned things around _.a. by redoing his taskb. through his own effortsc. with the help of his grandfatherd. under the guidance of his headmaster【答案与解析】五、(2012天津卷)bbarditch high school decided to an all-school reunion. over 450 people came to the event. there were tours of the old school building and a picnic at confederate park. several former teachers were on hand to tell stories about the old days. ms. mabel yates, the english teacher for fifty years, was wheeled to the park.some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans(嘟囔声)when ms.yates was about to speak. many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman who had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined.then ms. yates started to speak:“i cant tell you how pleased i am to be here. i havent seen many of you since your graduation, but i have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies. i have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. although i havent appeared in person, i have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the birth your children, in my imagination.”ms. yates paused and started crying a bit. then she continued:“it was my belief that if i pushed you as hard as i could, some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me. regardless of our motives, i can see that you have all been successful in you chosen path.”“there is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. you have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and i want you to know i love you all from the bottom of my heart.”there was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping. tee clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar(呼喊). lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame all because of the words from a long forgotten english teacher from their hometown.42. what can be inferred from paragraph 2? a. some graduates were too busy to listen to ms. yates speech.b. many graduates disliked ms. yates ways of teaching.c. some people got tired from the reunion activities.d. most people had little interest in the reunion.【答案与解析】43. we can learn from ms. yates speech that she _.a. kept track of her students progressb. gave her students advice on their careersc. attended her students college graduations d. went to her students wedding ceremonies【答案与解析】六、(2012上海卷)(a)phil white has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. white had two reasons for making this epic journey. first of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. he raised 70,000 for the british charity, oxfam. whites second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. he is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.white set off from trafalgar square, in london, on 19th june 2004 and was back 299 days later. he spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle（车座） and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. he had the adventure of his life crossing europe, the middle east, india, asia, australia, new zealand and the americas. amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. no jeep carrying food, water and medicine. no doctor. nothing! just a bike and a very, very long road. the journey was lonely and desperate at times. he also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. he cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. there were other dangers along the road. in iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. the worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of australia. for l,000 kilometers he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. this part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. now mr. white is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.66. what does the word epic in paragraph l most probably mean?a. very slow but exciting. b. very long and difficult.c. very smooth but tiring. d. very lonely and depressing.【答案与解析】68. which of the following words can best describe phil white?a. imaginative. b. patriotic. c. modest. d. determined.【答案与解析】七、(2012重庆卷)aone of my wonderful memories is about a christmas gift. unlike other gifts, it came without wrap(包装).on september 11th. 1958. mum gave birth to richard. after she brought him home from hospital, she put him in my lap, saying. i promised you a gift, and here it is. what an honor! i turned four a month earlier and none of my friends had such a baby doll of their own. i played with it day and night. i sang to it. i told it stories. 1 told it over and over how much i loved it!one morning, however, i found its bed empty. my doll was gone! i cried for it. mum wept and told me that the poor little thing had been sent to a hospital. it had a fever. for several days, i heard mum and dad whispering such words as hopeless, pitiful, and dying, which sounded ominous.christmas was coming. dont expect any presents this year. dad said, pointing at the socks i hung in the living room. if your baby brother lives, thatll be christmas enough. as he spoke, his eyes filled with tears. id never seen him cry before.the phone rang early on christmas morning. dad jumped out of bed to answer it. from my bedroom i heard him say. what? hes all right? he hung up and shouted upstairs. the hospital said we can bring richard home!thank god. i heard mum cry.from the upstairs window, i watched my parents rush out to the car. i had never seen them happy. and i was also full of joy. what a wonderful day! my baby doll would be home. i downstairs. my sacks still hung there flat. but i knew they were not empty; they were filled with love!57.what does the underlined word “ominous” in paragraph 3 probably mean？a. impossible. b. boringc. difficultd. fearful【答案与解析】58. which word can best describe the feeling of the father when christmas was coming?a. excitement. b. happiness. c. sadness. d. disappointment.【答案与解析】八、(2012福建卷)asome people believe that a robin hood is at work，others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. but the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes，accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern german city believe in fairytales (童话）.the first envelope was sent to a victim support group. it contained 10，000 with a cutting from the braunschiveiger zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous (匿名）envelopes, each containing 10,000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.the envelopes keep coming, and; so far at least 190,000 has been distributed. last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper s own office. it came after a story it published about tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. the receptionist at the braunschiveiger zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of 500 inside with a copy of the article. the name of the family was underlined.“i was driving when i heard the news, claudia neumann, the boys mother, told der spiegel magazine. “i had to park on the side of the road; i was speechless.the money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.for someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing, mrs. neumann said. her family wonder whether the donator is a robin hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.henning noske，the editor of the braunschiveiger zeitung, said: maybe it is an old person who is about to die. we just do not know. however, he has told his reporters not to look for the citys hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.58. it can be inferred from the passage that _.a. the donator is a rich old manb. the donation will continue to comec. the donation comes from the newspaperd. the donator will soon be found out【答案与解析】bat exactly eleven sir percival knocked and entered, with anxiety and worry in every line of his face. this meeting would decide his future life, and he obviously knew it.“you may wonder, sir percival, said laura calmly, if i am going to ask to be released (免除）from ray promise to marry you. i am not going to ask this. i respect my fathe