高考英语复习必练教程 动词及动词短语（13）.doc

2012年高三高考复习必练教程：动词及动词短语（13）1differ vi.不同；相异different adj.不同的difference n不同，差异4undertake vt.着手；从事；承担undertook(过去式)undertaken(过去分词) 6cast vt.扔；投；掷cast/cast(过去式/过去分词)7object vi.反对；不赞成objection n不赞成；反对；异议objective adj.真实的；客观的；无偏见的8obtain vt.获得；赢得9attain vt.获得；达到(水平、年龄、状况等)10forbid vt.禁止；不准forbade(过去式)forbidden (过去分词)11accumulate vt.积累；聚积12owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于13retire vi.退休；离开retirement n退休14bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰15strike vi. & vt.打；撞击；罢工struck/struck (过去式/过去分词)17resist vt.抵抗；对抗resistance n抵抗；对抗resistant adj.20adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱1differ vi. 不同；相异different adj. 不同的；有区别的；相异的difference n. 不同；不同之处differ from. 不同于differ in. 在方面不同differ with/from sb. on/about sth.与某人关于意见不同be different from 与不同make a/some/no difference to sb./sth.对某人/某物有/有些/没有影响或作用difference between a and ba和b之间的差别 即学即练1(1)men are all alike in their promises. it is only in their deeds that they _.人在许诺时都一样，不同之处在于他们的行动。(2)i have to _ you _ that.在那一点上我不能同意你的看法。(3)the rain didnt _ the game.这场雨对比赛没有多大影响。differ/differ with on/make much difference to2undertake vt. 着手，从事，承担；承诺，答应undertaking n. 任务，事业；承诺，答应undertake a task/project 承担一个任务/项目undertake to do sth. 答应做某事undertake for sth. 为负责 即学即练2(1)the company has announced that it will _ a full investigation _ the accident.公司已宣布将对这次事故进行全面调查。(2)he _ the job by friday.他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。(3)ill _ your security. 我将保证你的安全。undertake into/undertook to finish/undertake for3cast vt.&vi. (cast, cast) 投掷；投射；抛cast aside 抛弃，消除，废除cast away 抛弃，丢掉，使(船)漂流，(船)失事cast behind 疏远；把抛在脑后cast down 使沮丧/不愉快cast off 丢弃cast ones eyes over 审视cast ones mind back to sth. 回顾，回想cast light on/uponthrow light upon 弄清楚 即学即练3(1)dont be so _. just keep up your spirits.不要这么沮丧，打起精神来！(2)as soon as they reached the fishing area, the fishermen _ their nets _ the sea.渔民们一到捕鱼区就把渔网撒进了大海。cast down/cast into (3)as soon as he became rich he _ all his old friends who gave him some help.他一富起来就抛弃了所有曾经给过他帮助的老朋友。cast aside4object vi. 反对，不赞成n. 实物；目的；对象objection n. 反对；厌恶object to sb./sth. 反对，不赞成某人/某事object to doing sth. 反对做某事object to sb. doing sth. 反对某人做某事raise an objection to (doing) sth. 对提出异议have/make an objection to (doing) sth. 对表示反对 即学即练4(1)i _ the proposal. 我反对这个提议。(2)we _ like this.我们抗议这种待遇。(3)i feel _ getting up early.我极不愿意早起。object to/object to being treated/a strong objection to5obtain vt. 获得，取得；买到；借到即学即练5(1)i havent been able to _ anywhere.我到处都没买到那本书。(2)he failed to _.他没有获得奖学金。obtain that book/obtain a scholarship (3)details can be _ the ministry of education.可以从教育部获知详情。obtained from6forbid vt. (forbade/forbad, forbidden) 禁止；反对forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid that. 禁止(从句中常用“should动词原形”)forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事 即学即练6(1)our school _.我们学校不允许学生吸烟。(2)smoking should _ public places.公共场所应该禁止吸烟。forbids students to smoke/be forbidden in (3)his parents _.他的父母不准他喝酒。forbid him wine提示：forbid 后不能直接跟动词不定式做宾语，而是跟动名词做宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth. 形式，有类似用法的单词还有 allow, permit, advise 等。7owe vt.欠(钱、物、债等)；应当给予(1)owe sb. sth.或owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物owe.to. 把归功于owe it to sb. that.多亏某人帮忙(2)owing tobecause of“因为，由于”，后接名词、代词、动名词做宾语，构成介词短语，表原因。 即学即练7(1)dont forget you still _ 150 yuan to the wine shop.别忘了，你还欠酒店150元钱呢。(2)he _ his success to hard work and practice.他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。owe/owes (3)if i have improved in any way, i _ it all to my teacher.如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。(4)you _ me an apology.你得向我道歉。(5)we should do the duty which we _ to our country.我们应对国家尽我们应尽的义务。owe/owe/owe (6)i _ it to you that i finished my work in time.多亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。(7)_ to the rain, they could not come.由于下雨，他们不能来了。owe/owing8bother vt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人bother with/about sth. 花费时间或精力(做某事)bother sb. about/with sth. 使某人烦恼，不安it bothers sb. that./to do sth. 使某人苦恼的是bother to do/doing sth. 操心做某事 即学即练8(1)dont _ mary while shes reading.玛丽读书的时候不要打扰她。(2)i dont want to _ you _ my problems.我不想让你因为我的问题而烦心。(3)dont _ that trifling matter.别为那件小事烦恼。botherbotherwithbother about9strike vt. & vi.打，撞击，冲击，罢工，打动，划燃，侵袭，突然想起 n罢工，打击be struck with(by)为所侵袭；为所触动(感动)it strikes me that.我觉得；我的印象是strike a match划火柴strike on/upon打在上；撞到上be on strike举行罢工go on strike实行罢工即学即练9(1)the workers _/_ because they wanted more money.工人们在罢工，因为他们要求增加工资。(2)when the clock _， the strike started.当钟敲响了五点，罢工开始了。were striking /on strike/struck five (3)the match _ because of the moisture of the air.由于空气潮湿，火柴划不着。(4)_ none of them trusts each other.他们当中没有一个人信赖对方这使我震惊。wont strike/it strikes me that (5)great damage has been caused by the tornado which _ the area last week.上周侵袭这一地区的龙卷风造成了巨大的损失。struck10resist v.忍住；顶住；抵御；反抗resistance n. 反抗resistant adj. 抵抗的；耐的resist sth. 抵制、阻挡某事resist doing sth. 反对做某事cant resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事be resistant to 对有抵抗力 即学即练10(1)the river banks could not _.河堤抵不住水压。(2)a healthy diet should help your body _.健康饮食有助于身体抵抗感染。(3)i could hardly _.我忍不住笑了起来。resist the water pressure/resist infection/resist laughing11pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；还清pay money for sth. 付钱买pay for sth. 买pay back 还钱，报复pay out 付出大笔款项；放松pay up 付清欠款 即学即练11(1)they _ their debt after ten years.十年后他们还清了债务。(2)two hundred workers have _.200名工人已被结清工资了。(3)they took a hell of a risk but it _.他们冒了很大的风险，但事情成功了。paid off/been paid off/paid off1.bother/disturb/trouble/annoy这组词都表示“使人不得安宁”或“心烦意乱”。(1)bother指干扰别人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁，可能是故意的，含有使人讨厌的意味。(2)disturb指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不能集中，语气比bother弱。 (3)trouble常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或行动上带来不便，也常用于礼貌的请求。(4)annoy通常指重复性的行为使(别人)生气。常用被动，表示为某事烦恼、生气。 应用1(1)i dont want to _ you _ my problems.我不想让你因为我的问题而担心。(2)whats _ youmoney problems?什么事令你忧虑不安经济问题吗？(3)these flies are _ me.这些苍蝇一直在烦我。bother with/troubling/annoying (4)they were charged with _ public peace.他们被指控扰乱社会治安。disturbing2. obtain/earn/gain/get/win(1)obtain应用范围较广，含有“如期地达到目的或得到所希望的东西”之意，多用于正式场合。(2)earn表示经过艰苦努力而得到报酬，或得到了理应享有的某种待遇，其宾语多为金钱、荣誉等。 (3)gain指通过斗争、竞争或付出劳动而获得某种优势或达到某种目的。其宾语通常是经验、优势、利益、好处等。(4)get最常用，可指主动去“获得，得到”，也可能是被迫“接受”，有时指不一定需要主动性或付出很大努力就能得到。(5)win多指在竞赛中“获得，赢得”，有时也用于指在战争中“获得”胜利，宾语通常是比赛、战斗、战争等。 应用2(1)she _ rich experience in teaching.她获得了丰富的教学经验。(2)she _ a bad cold yesterday.她昨天得了重感冒。(3)they _ the basketball match.他们打赢了这场篮球赛。gained/got/won (4)we wished to _ the firsthand information.我们希望得到第一手情报。(5)he _800 yuan of wages a month.他月薪八百元。(6)this custom still _in