William Blake威廉布莱克及作品英国文学家ppt课件.ppt

18 centurypoetry 1 inthefirsthalfofthe18thcentury neoclassicalpoetry2 bythemiddleofthe18thcentury sentimentalism3 inthelatterhalfofthe18thcentury romanticism Pre Romanticism Inthelatterhalfofthe18thcentury anewliterarymovementaroseinEurope calledtheRomanticRevival astrongprotestagainstthebondageofClassicism arecognitionoftheclaimsofpassionandemotion byarenewedinterestinmedievalliterature InEngland thismovementshoweditselfinthetrendofPre Romanticisminpoetry WilliamBlakeandRobertBurnsaretherepresentatives AuguriesofInnocence brief ToseeaWorldinaGrainofSand AndaHeaveninaWildFlower HoldInfinityinthepalmofyourhand AndEternityinanhour 一沙一世界 一花一天堂 无限掌中置 刹那成永恒 徐志摩 译 佛曰 一花一世界 一草一天堂 一叶一如来 一砂一极乐 一方一净土 一笑一尘缘 一念一清静 这一切都是一种心境 心若无物就可以一花一世界 一草一天堂 参透这些 一花一草便是整个世界 而整个世界也便空如花草 TheLamb WilliamBlake s TheLamb LittleLamb whomadethee Dostthouknowwhomadethee Gavetheelife andbidtheefeed Bythestreamando erthemead Gavetheeclothingofdelight Softestclothing woolly bright 小羊羔 谁创造了你 你知道是谁创造了你 给你生命 把你喂养在溪流旁的草场 给你柔软 发亮毛绒绒的衣裳 Gavetheesuchatendervoice Makingallthevalesrejoice LittleLamb whomadethee Dostthouknowwhomadethee 给你这样柔美的声音 使所有的山谷都欢畅 小羊羔 谁创造了你 你知道是谁创造了你 Thelamb LittleLamb I lltellthee LittleLamb I lltellthee Heiscalledbythyname ForHecallsHimselfaLamb Heismeek andHeismild Hebecamealittlechild 小羊羔 我告诉你 小羊羔 我告诉你 他就叫你的名字 因为他就把自己称羔羊 他温柔而谦恭 变成了一个孩童 Iachild andthoualamb WearecalledbyHisname LittleLamb Godblessthee LittleLamb Godblessthee 我是个孩子 你是只羔羊 我们都叫他的名字 小羊羔 上帝保佑你 小羊羔 上帝保佑你 Questions 1 Doesthispoemdescribealamborthemindofthechildwhoisspeakingtothelamb WhatistherelationofthelambandthechildtoGod 2 WhatdoesLambstandfor TheTiger TheTyger 老虎 I 郭沫若译 Tyger Tyger BurningbrightIntheforestsofthenight WhatimmortalhandoreyeCouldframethyfearfulsymmetry InwhatdistantdeepsorskiesBurntthefireofthineeyes Onwhatwingsdareheaspires Whatthehanddareseizethefire Andwhatshoulder whatart Couldtwistthesinewsofthyheart Andwhenthyheartbegantobeat Whatdreadhand andwhatdreadfeet 老虎 老虎 黑夜的森林中燃烧着的煌煌的火光 是怎样的神手或天眼造出了你这样的威武堂堂 你炯炯的两眼中的火燃烧在多远的天空或深渊 他乘着怎样的翅膀搏击 用怎样的手夺来火焰 又是怎样的膂力 怎样的技巧 把你的心脏的筋肉捏成 当你的心脏开始搏动时 使用怎样猛的手腕和脚胫 TheTyger 老虎 II Whatthehammer Whatthechain Inwhatfurnacewasthybrain Whatheanvil WhatdreadgraspDareitsdeadlyterrorsclasp Whenthestarsthrewdowntheirspears Andwater dheavenwiththeirtears Didhesmilehisworktosee DidhewhomadetheLambmakethee Tiger Tiger BurningbrightIntheforestsofthenight Whatimmortalhandoreye Dareframethyfearfulsymmetry 是怎样的槌 怎样的链子 在怎样的熔炉中炼成你的脑筋 是怎样的铁砧 怎样的铁臂敢于捉着这可怖的凶神 群星投下了他们的投枪 用它们的眼泪润湿了穹苍 他是否微笑着欣赏他的作品 他创造了你 也创造了羔羊 老虎 老虎 黑夜的森林中燃烧着的煌煌的火光 是怎样的神手或天眼造出了你这样的威武堂堂 meter Thepoemisintrochaictetrameterwithcatalexisattheendofeachline TrochaicFoot Apairofsyllables astressedsyllablefollowedbyanunstressedsyllable TetrameterLine apoetrylineusuallywitheightsyllables Catalexis Theabsenceofasyllableinthefinalfootinaline InBlake spoem anunstressedsyllableisabsentinthelastfootofeachline Thus everylinehassevensyllables nottheconventionaleight 1 2 3 4TIger TIger BURNing BRIGHT 1 2 3 4INthe FORests OFthe NIGHT summary Thepoembeginswiththespeakeraskingafearsometigerwhatkindofdivinebeingcouldhavecreatedit Whatimmortalhandoreye Couldframetheyfearfulsymmetry Eachsubsequentstanzacontainsfurtherquestions allofwhichrefinethisfirstone Fromwhatpartofthecosmoscouldthetiger sfieryeyeshavecome andwhowouldhavedaredtohandlethatfire Whatsortofphysicalpresence andwhatkindofcraftsmanship wouldhavebeenrequiredto twistthesinews ofthetiger sheart Thespeakerwondershow oncethathorribleheart begantobeat itscreatorwouldhavehadthecouragetocontinuethejob Comparingthecreatortoablacksmith hepondersabouttheanvilandthefurnacethattheprojectwouldhaverequiredandthesmithwhocouldhavewieldedthem whenthejobwasdone thespeakerwonders howwouldthecreatorhavefelt Didhesmilehisworktosee Couldthispossiblybethesamebeingwhomadethelamb Questionsfordiscussion Whatpartsofthetigerhavebeendescribedinthepoem Isitarealisticdescriptionofthetiger Whatisthesymbolicmeaningofthetiger WhydoesthepoetmentiontheLamb DoyouthinkboththelambandtheTigercanilluminateeachother ComparisonTheLambandTheTyger COMPARISON JUXTAPOSITION Botharecreationpoems Structure It sinterestingthattheendrhymeschemeforbothpoemshavemuchsimilarity Bothpoemsemployendrhymeswith ee soundsor ight sounds Manyconsiderthatanintentionalparallelstructure The2contrarystatesofthehumansoulexpressedintheanthology stitle InnocenceandExperience arenicelypersonifiedintheideasofthesetwoanimals theLambandtheTiger TheSickRose Orose th