高三英语语法要点细讲（配最新高考+模拟） 专题21 完形填空.doc

2013届高三英语语法要点精练（配最新高考+模拟）专题21 完形填空1.last year, i lost my best friend in high school. it seemed that everyone elses life could just continue on in its 1 way, but mine couldnt. i wasnt sure how i was going to be able to face 2 and their gossip at school. i was forced to 3 my routine on monday morning as usual. in the evening i returned home from school 4 completely defeated. all i wanted to do was 5 into bed and wallow(沉迷于)in my own self-pity. i pulled back the covers on my bed and 6 a pile of cards left by my dad. each card included a(n) 7 that it was to be opened on a 8 night that week. i made it through that week 9 my father. each card 10 to say just what i needed to hear. tuesdays card said, “the past is painful to think about and the 11 is impossible to imagine. dont try. just take it one minute at a time.” on wednesday my mood 12 when i read, “what you are feeling now is 13 and normal. it still feels very bad, but it is part of the healing 14 .” fridays card contained a poem he wrote. the last lines made me smile through my tears. “whatever special 15 you face along lifes way, may you 16 that you will find the best in every day.” i was instructed to open the last card 17 the party i went to on saturday night. in it he wisely reminded me to 18 . “the world isnt so bad after a good laugh. the more you laugh, the more you heal.” each card was signed, “love, dad.”my world once collapsed but i 19 the difficult breakup eventually. it owed to my dad , who made his 20 known when he couldnt be present.1. a. pleasant b. strange c. funny d. normal 2. a. everyone b. anyone c. someone d. nobody3. a. work out b. meet with c. deal with d. come across4. a. making b. feeling c. regarding d. considering5.a. crawl b. push c. jump d. draw6.a. invented b. discovered c. created d. wrote7.a. instruction b. explanation c. presentation d. information8.a. regular b. flexible c. particular d. legal9.a.in favor of b. regardless of c. in search of d. because of10.a. seemed b. happened c. occurred d. intended11.a.life b. future c. dream d. result12.a. fell b. passed c. flied d. lifted13.a. false b. honest c natural d. innocent 14.a. content b. process c. cure d. progress15.a.destruction b. competition c. challenges d. destination16.a. trust b. guess c. predict d. succeed17.a. before b. since c. after d. till18.a. cry b. scream c. sing d. laugh 19.a.got through b. looked through c. broke through d. put through 20.a. schedule b. concept c. soul d. confidence【答案与解析】 最好的朋友的离去让作者情不能已，久久无法脱心灵的阴影。善解人意的父亲用几张卡片抚慰了作者的心灵伤，拯救了作者曾经崩溃的世界。1. d考查形容词。本句中的but表示的是转折含义，由此可知其他每个人的生活似乎依然可以”正常”进行，但是作者做不到。2. a考查代词。此处与上一句中的everyone相呼应，表示作者无法确信应 该怎样才能面对学校中的“每个人”和他们的闲言碎语。3. c考查动词短语。上一句提到作者不知如何面对其他人，由此可知作者被迫像往常一样去“应对”日常生活。4.b考查动词。作者失去了最好的朋友，晚上从学校回到家后自然感到非常“沮丧”。defeated悲观落魄的”，符合语境。5.a考查动词。作者回到家很沮丧，最想做的就是“爬”到床上自悲自悯。6. b考查动词。作者拉开盖在床上的被子后，”发现”了爸爸留下来的一堆卡片。7. a考查名词。每一张卡片都包括一个“指令”，告诉作者应该如何去做。 另外，第17空前面的instructed也是线索提示。8.c考查形容词。下一段提到作者在那个星期中每天晚上打开一张卡片，由此可知每张卡片都需要在“特别的”夜晚打开。9. d 考查介词短语。 下文提到每张卡片都带给作者不同的感受，作者最终熬过了那个星期，所有的这一切都是“因为（because of)）”父亲无微不至的关爱。in favor of “赞同”， regardless of “不管，不顾”，in search of “寻找”。10.a 考查动词辨析。这里表达的意思是：每张卡片似乎都在说出了作者想要听的东西。所以选seem。11. b考查名词辨析。与前面的the past呼应，由此可知，这里指“将来”，所以选future。 受”自然”并且正常。12. d 考查动词。这里指的是作者心情的好转，所以选lift，意思是：（伤心等）消失。13. b 考查形容词。由句中的normal 可以看出，父亲认为作者的感受是很正常的，所以选natural意思是：自然的。14. b考查名词。这种感觉仍然很糟糕，但这是愈合“过程(process)”的一部分。content 内容；cure疗法；progress进步。 15.c考查名词。作者是因为失去最好的朋友后才久久难以摆脱心灵的阴影，由此可知此处表示作者的父亲鼓励作者要勇于面对人生道路上的“挑战(challenges)”。destruction“破坏”， competition“竞争”， destination“目的地”。16. a 考查动词辨析。不管你在人生道路上面对什么特殊的挑战，愿你“相信(trust)”你可以每天都发现最美好的东西。guess 猜测；predict预测； succeed成功。 17.a考查连词。根据第二段最后一句可知作者是在参加聚会“之前”按照指令打开了那张卡片。18.d考查动词。根据下一句引号中两次出现的laugh可知作者的父亲提醒作者要“笑”,所以选laugh。19a考查动词短语。作者的世界曾经崩溃，但是作者最终熬过了这段困难时间，此处get through表示”(使某人)熬过(困难时期)”。20c考查名词。上文提到的卡片中的内容都是在抚慰作者心灵的创伤，所以作者感激父亲，虽然他不在身边，但是却让作者明白了的“精神”世界。 2. 【2012宝鸡一次质检】long long ago, there was a small villagethis village had a 1 traditionat the beginning of every year, any boy who had reached the age of majority (成年】 was given land and money to build a homethe boy had to 2 his home before winterif his home failed to endure the cold weather in winter, the villagers could not 3 him in any wayone _4_, paul and marc reached their majoritythey 5 their land and money and decided to search nearby villages for ideas on building their homesin each village, they found the nicest 6 and talked to the ownerseach owner gladly offered 7 after marc saw several homes, he 8 the best ideas and went back to his own landpaul, _9_, continued collecting more ideassoon he had so many great ideas that he began to 10 some of thembut he always believed he could find even better ideas in the next villagemarc began building his homehe had several false starts, 11 his home gradually rose from his landby fall, marc had finished his homeit wasnt perfect，but it was strong and he could 12 it later. paul enjoyed all the beautiful homes and 13 with home ownersthe first snow came and paul, realizing he was running out of time, 14 back to his landhe built the best home he could in the time he had, but it was 15 the first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to 16 the villagers mourned for himmarc 17 the wintereach year, marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look betterhe became a leader in the village, 18 a family, and lived a happy, content lifewe all build and improve our own mental homesits 19 and fun for us to search for ideas from other mental home owners, but we only improve our own mental home if we actually 20 the best ideas1astrange bhopeful cliterary dcultural2afind bmake ccomplete dbuy3.ahelp bencourage cscold dpersuade4awinter bsummer cautumn dspring5aexchangedbreceivedcrecognizeddadvice6agirlsbjobschousesdpresents7aroomsbdrinkscattentiondadvice8aexpectedbgatheredccreateddunderstood9asimilarlybfinallychoweverdfurthermore10aforgetbbelievecreplaceddoubt11abecausebalthoughcbutdso12arepairbrebuildcselldimprove13aconversationsbachievementscstrugglesdarguments14adrovebrushedcflewdmoved15aweakbfunnycsmalldamazing16ablindnessbdeathcsadnessdillness17aexperiencedblovedcsurviveddspent18abroughtbearnedccontacteddraised19aslowbeasycdangerousdspecial20arealizebbringccollectdapply【答案与解析】 文章通过一个故事告诉我们，无论是精神世界还是物质世界，一些想法的寻找是简单的，但是想法的运用却是另外一回事。1a 考查形容词辨析。由下文对这个传统的描述来看，这个传统很独特，所以四个词中只有strange (奇怪的)符合语境。语境为：很久很久以前，有一个小村庄有着一个奇怪的传统。每到年初，已成年的男孩就会拿到一块地和资金(自己动手)去修建自己的房屋。hopeful 有希望的；literary 文艺的，书本的；cultural文化的。2c 考查动词词义辨析。这里指的是在冬天到来前就要完成房屋的修建。所以用complete，意思是：完成。倒数第三段 “by fall, marc had finished his home”中有同义词复现：finish。3.a 考查动词词义辨析。 倒数第三段“the first winter storm destroyed his home and he froze to 16 the villagers mourned for him”告诉我们，由于paul修建的房子不好，被冻死了，人们都来哀悼他，但没有帮助他度过寒冬，由此可以看出，在这一奇怪的传统中，别人是不能提供帮助的，所以选help。4d考查语境话选词。上一段告诉我们，成年的男孩是在每年的年初(at the beginning of every year)拿到一块地和资金的，四个选项中只有spring(春天)符合境。5b 考查动词辨析。对应第一段提到的was given，所以这里选receive意思是：收到。exchange 交换；recognize 认出，承认；advise 建议，忠告。6c考查语境话选词。前文告诉我们，他们要建的是房子，这是在外出考察，自然是找最好的房子和房主交谈以获得如何建好房子的建议。文中有多处同义词home的复现。7d考查名词词义辨析。每一位房主都很乐意提供给他们(关于如何建好房子的)建议。所以选advice。可以从“soon he had so many great ideas that he began to 10 some of them”中的idea得到启示。8b 考查动词辨析。marc 参观了几栋房子，把房主们提供的建议搜集起来，所以选gather。意思是：搜集。9空后的“continued collecting more ideas”有同义词复现。expect 期待，预料；create 创造；understand理解。9c 考查副词辨析。考查动词辨析。marc开始建房，而paul 却仍在继续搜集如何建房的建议，两者之间是转折关系，所以用however。10 a 考查动词辨析。由于搜集的好的修建房屋的方法太多了，以至于都忘了一部分，所以用forget。 believe 认为，相信；replace代替；doubt怀疑。11 c 考查连词辨析。“he had several false starts”和“his home gradually rose from his land”之间是转折关系，所以用but。12 d考查动词辨析。倒数第二段 “each year, marc searched for other good ideas he could use to make his own home look better”中的make his own home look better，说的就是他所修的房子可以在建成后随时改良，所以用improve。repair 修理、修补； rebuild重建；sell卖。13a 考查名词辨析。第二段的“in each village, they found the nicest 31 and talked to the owners”可知，应该选conversations，意思是：谈话、会话。14b 考查动词辨析。冬天来了，第一场雪使paul意识到建房子所剩的时间不多了，所以自己便急匆匆地往回赶，所以选rush，意思是：冲、奔，急匆匆的赶。15. a 考查形容词辨析。由后面的“the first winter storm destroyed his home”可以看出，由于动工时间较晚，时间紧，他修的房子不牢固，所以选weak，意思是：不牢固的。funny滑稽的；small小的；amazing令人吃惊的。16. b 考查名词辨析。下一句“the villagers mourned for him”告诉我们，村民们都去哀悼他，由此可知他被冻死了，所以选death。17. c 考查动词辨析。这里指的是marc由于修好了房子，顺利渡过了冬天，所以用survive，意思是：从困境中挺过来。18. d 考查动词辨析。raise 养育。句意为：(后来)他成了村里的领导，养育了一家人，幸福满意的生活着。如果把 a 项后加上up，也是正确的。19. b 考查形容词辨析。上面的故事告诉我们，建议和想法的寻找是简单的，而实践才是困难的，所以选easy。20. d考查动词辨析。这里指的是最好的想法的“应用”，所以选apply。3.【2012潍坊期末】years ago，there was a very wealthy man who, with his devoted young son, shared a passion for art collecting. together，they traveled around the world, adding only 1 art treasures to their collectionone year, as winter approached, 2 engulfed(吞没) the nation, and the young man left to 3 his country. after only a few short weeks, his father received a telegram. his beloved son was 4 in action. the art collector 5 awaited more news, 6 he would never see his son again. within days, his fears were 7 .the young man had died while rushing a fellow soldier to a doctor.upset and 8 , the old man faced the coming christmas holidays with sadness. on christmas morning，a knock on the door awakened the 9 old man. as he opened the door, he was greeted by a 10 with a large package in his hands.he introduced himself to the old man by saying, “i was a 11 of your son ,i was the one he was 12 when he diedmay i come in for a few moments? i have something to show you.”as the two began to 13 , the soldier told of how the mans son had told everyone of his, not to mention his fathers, 14 of fine art. “i am no 15 ,”said the soldier, “but i want to give you this.”as the old man unwrapped the package , he saw a portrait (画像)of his son. though the world would 16 consider in the work of a genius, the painting featured the young mans face 17 striking detail.overcome with emotion, the man 18 the soldier. after the soldier had left, the old man put the painting above the fireplace, pushing 19 thousands of dollars worth of art. his task completed, the old man sat in his chair and spent christmas gazing at the 20 he had been given.1a. latest b. richest c. finest d. cheapest 2aflood b. fire c. storm d. war3a. save b. help c. serve d. build4amissing b. acting c. fighting d. dying 5a. calmly b. anxiously c. quietly d. secretly 6a. fearing b. doubting c. wondering d. expecting7. a. completed b. doubled c. removed d. confirmed 8. anervous b. tired c. lonely d. frightened9. a. sad b. puzzled c. angry d. worried10a. farmer b. soldier c. painter d. seller11aguard b. photographer c. partner d. friend12a. rescuing bcarrying cguarding d. hiding13aargue bmove c. talk deat14. a. description b. love c. sense d. understanding 15a. artist bbusinessman c. hero d. reporter16. a. sometimes b. never c. often d. still17. a. for b. of c. in d. on 18. a. thanked b. questioned c. welcomed d. treated19. adown b. up c. aside d. off20. a. treasure b. gift c. souvenir d. package【答案与解析】一位酷爱艺术品收藏的老人，医生搜集艺术珍品无数，却没有一件能比自己为国捐躯的儿子的画像珍贵。1 c考查形容词辨析。由上下文的描述“a passion for art collecting”，“they traveled around the world”可以推测出，他们周游世界是在搜集世界上最好的艺术珍品。14 空有fine的原词复现。2. d 考查语境化选词。由该段最后一句话“the young man had died while rushing a fellow soldier to a doctor.”可以看出，这里表达的意思是：有一年，随着冬天的来临，战争吞没了整个国家，小伙子离开家乡到前线报效国家。所以选war，意思是：战争。3. c 考查动词辨析。这里指的是年轻人参军保卫国家，所以选serve。serve the country意为：报效祖国。save 挽救；help帮住；build建设。4. a 考查形容词辨析。下一句告诉我们，这位父亲在等待更多的关于儿子的消息，担心再也见不到自己的儿子，由此可以看出，电报上只是说儿子失踪了，所以选missing，意为：失踪的。5. b 考查副词辨析。收到了儿子在战场上市总的电报，害怕再也见不到儿子，在等待更多消息的心情应该是不安的，所以选b。calmly 冷静地；quietly 安静的； secretly秘密地。6. a 考查动词辨析。7 空前有该词的名词形式复现。句意见4题。7. d 考查动词辨析。 由下一句可以看出，他所担心的事情真的发生了，也就是说他的儿子真的牺牲了。所以选d，意为：(得到)证实。complete 完成； double 加倍； remove移动开除。8. c 考查形容词辨析。儿子去世了，父亲感到很孤独，所以选lonely，意为：孤独的。a项的干扰性很大，但是该词意为：不安的，和and前的upset意思是上重复。9. 考查形容词。上一句中有选项的名词形式sadness复现。语境为：圣诞节的上午，敲门声唤醒了这位(因失去儿子)伤心的老人。10. b考查语境化选词。由他自我介绍中的“i was the one he was 12 when he died”可以看出，这位来客就是老人的儿子牺牲时救的那个人，在结合第二段的“the young man had died while rushing a fellow soldier to a doctor.”可以看出，他也是一位士兵。故选soldier。13空后也有原词复现。11. d 考查名词。能够舍身相救，四个选项中只有friend符合语境。12. a 考查动词。由第二段的最后一句话可知答案。rescue挽救。13. c 考查动词。由语境以及下文的told可以看出，这两个人进行了一些谈话，所以选talk。14. b 考查语境化选词。对应第一段的“a passion for art collecting”，所以悬念love。句意为：战士告诉老人，他儿子生前告诉大家他非常热爱艺术品，更不用说他的父亲了。15. a 考查名词。好的艺术作品都是艺术家创作的，而战士带来的礼物是战士自己画的，所以他要表达的意思是：我知道你很喜欢艺术珍品，我肃然不是艺术家，但是我画了一副您儿子的肖像，送给您。所以选artist。16. b 考查副词。尽管这幅画画的不是多么好(也就是文章所表达的：世界上绝对不会有人认为这是一位天才画家的作品)，但是却细致的勾画出了小伙子的面部特征。所以选never。17. c 考查固定搭配。in detail，为固定搭配，意为：详细地。18. a 考查动词。收到了别人精心准备的礼物，自然应该感谢，所以选thank。19. c 考查动词短语辨析。push aside “把向旁边推”。语境为：老人把以前收藏的价值连城的艺术品放到了一边，而把儿子的画像挂到了最显眼的位置。其他各词都能和push搭配，但不符合语境。20. c 考查语境化选词。这里指的就是老人收到的礼物，也就是战士送的画像，所以选gift。4.【2012三明联考】this is a story that can teach us a good lesson. one day, a man in rags begged from door to door along the street. with an old wallet in his hand, he was asking for a few coins to buy something to eat. he kept complaining about his bad fortune and kept 1 why those who had so much money were never 2 and were always desiring more. “as far as im concerned, if i had only enough to 3 and to wear, i would not want anything more.just at that moment goddess fortune, who came down the 4 saw the beggar and said to him, “hi, i have wished to 5 you for a long time. now, open your 6 and i will pour my gold into it. but i will do that only on this 7 : all that falls into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon the 8 shall become dust. do you understand?”“i see.” said the beggar. “then you should 9 !its obvious that your wallet is a/an 10 one, so dont load it too heavily,” said the goddess fortune.the excited beggar could hardly 11 to have gold. he quickly opened his wallet, and a 12 of yellow coins was poured into it. the wallet grew heavier and heavier. “is that enough? isnt it cracking?” asked fortune.“never 13 .its still strong enough now.” answered the beggar.the wallet was filled with so many coins that the beggars handsbegan to 14 . “ah, if only the golden stream would 15 forever! just a little more,” said the beggar, “ 16 just a handful or two.” “there! its full. the wallet will 17 .” warned the goddess, but the beggar requested, “ it will 18 a little more, just a little more.” one more piece was added and the wallet split. the 19 fell upon the ground and became dust. the greedy beggar had now 20 but his broken bag. 1. a. showingb. explainingc. provingd. wondering2. a. relaxedb. satisfiedc. worriedd. depressed3. a. learnb. watchc. eatd. play4. a. streetb. bridgec. yardd. forest5. a. praiseb. forgivec. helpd. comfort6. a. coatb. pocketc. boxd. wallet7. a. occasionb. suggestionc. situationd. condition8. a. handb. feetc. groundd. street9. a. look outb. look afterc. look upd. look down10. a. smallb. emptyc. wornd. full11. a. standb. waitc. breathed. think12. a. streamb. piecec. paird. variety13. a. stopb. requestc. feard. insist14. a. spreadb. closec. loosed. shake15. a. pourb. endc. dryd. melt16. a. takeb. addc. lendd. send17. a. flowb. burstc. disappeard. change18. a. attractb. permitc. included. hold19. a. presentb. foodc. treasured. metal20. a. nothingb. anythingc. everythingd. something【答案与解析】一个沿街乞讨的乞丐遇到了财富女神，财富女神给了乞丐许多金币，同时告诫乞丐，金币掉到地上则化为灰尘，贪婪的乞丐不听劝告，导致金币撑破钱包化为灰尘，乞丐又变得一无所有。故事告诫人们面对金钱不要贪得无厌。1.d考查动词辨析。根据第一段最后一句，为什么那些人如此有钱却从不满足，还想得到更多。可知乞丐对此百思不得其解，“keep wondering”(一直想知道)符合句意。2.b考查形容词辨析。还想得到的更多，所以不满足，“never satisfy”(从不满足)符合句意。3.c考查动词辨析。由常识可知，乞丐最重要的是要解决吃和穿的问题。eat(吃)对应下面提到的“穿”符合情景，learn“学习”，watch“看、观察”，play“游戏”，均不符合情景。4.a考查名词辨析。根据第一段，乞丐在沿街乞讨，所以财富女神降落到大街上才能看到乞丐。street(街道)符合文意。bridge“桥”，yard“院子”，forest“森林”，均不符合文意。5.c考查动词辨析。根据下文，打开你的钱包，我要给你一些金子，可知财富女神在帮助乞丐。所以选help意为：“帮助”。praise“表扬”，forgive“原谅”， comfort“安慰”，均不符合情景。6.d考查名词辨析。根据第三段中“all that falls into the wallet will be pure gold”(所有进入你钱包的都是纯金)可知乞丐打开的是一个钱包，所以选 wallet，“钱包”。7.d考查名词辨析。只有在这种条件下，我才会去做。“all that falls into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon the 8 shall become dust”代指上文提到的这种条件。condition“条件、状况”符合句意。8.c考查名词辨析。语境为：每一枚金币掉到地上都会变成尘土，ground(地面)符合情景。9.c考查动词短语辨析。根据下文财富女神告诫乞丐不要装的太重，提醒乞丐注意、当心。所以选look out。look after照顾，look up仰视、向上看，look down俯视。10.c考查形容词辨析。结合上题，财富女神提醒乞丐当心，下文又提醒乞丐“so dont load it too heavily,”最后一段中告诉我们，钱包坏了，由此可以看出，这是一个旧钱包，所以选worn，意思是：“用旧的”。11.b考查动词辨析， could hardly wait to do意为：“迫不及待的干某事”。句意：激动的乞丐早已迫不及待的想拿到金子。12a.考查名词。根据倒数第三段中提到“golden stream”可知答案。13.c考查动词辨析。通过乞丐告诉财富女神钱包现在还很结实，可知不要为钱包担心。never fear“不要害怕”。14.d 考查动词。句意为：钱包装了如此多的金币，乞丐的手开始发抖。shake(发抖)符合情景。spread“伸展”，close“关闭”，loose“放松”，均不符合情景。15.a考查动词。乞丐希望金子源源不断的流出，四个选项中只有pour(流出)能形象的描绘出乞丐的贪婪。16.b考查动词辨析。对应前文的“just a little more,”可知，这里表达的意思是：贪婪的乞丐想再往钱包中多装一两把金子。add(添加)符合句意。take拿、携带”，lend“借出” ，send“送给”，均