人人文库网 > 图纸下载 > 毕业设计 > 船用废气燃烧臂设计【7张图纸】【优秀】

齿轮A2.dwg

船用废气燃烧臂设计【7张图纸】【优秀】

资源目录

船用废气燃烧臂设计【7张图纸】【优秀】.rar

齿轮A2.dwg---(点击预览)

锥齿轮A2.dwg---(点击预览)

输出轴A2.dwg---(点击预览)

船用废气燃烧臂设计说明书.doc---(点击预览)

外文翻译--船舶焊接.doc---(点击预览)

减速器A0.dwg---(点击预览)

压缩包内文档预览：

编号：421960 类型：共享资源大小：2.39MB 格式：RAR 上传时间：2015-03-31 上传人：上*** IP属地：江苏

39
积分

版权申诉 word格式文档无特别注明外均可编辑修改；预览文档经过压缩，下载后原文更清晰！ 立即下载

关键词：: 废气燃烧臂废气燃烧臂设计图纸船用废气

资源描述：

船用废气燃烧臂设计

76页 26000字数+说明书+外文翻译+7张CAD图纸【详情如下】

减速器A0.dwg

外文翻译--船舶焊接.doc

总装配图.dwg

摘要.doc

斜齿轮A2.dwg

水平支架A2.dwg

目录.doc

船用废气燃烧臂设计说明书.doc

输出轴A2.dwg

锥齿轮A2.dwg

齿轮A2.dwg

QQ截图20140124113553.gif

齿轮A2.gif

船用废气燃烧臂设计.gif

减速器A0.gif

全部文件.gif

输出轴A2.gif

水平支架A2.gif

斜齿轮A2.gif

锥齿轮A2.gif

1．燃烧臂机构的设计（1）

1.1 燃烧臂装置的方案设计(1)

1.2 燃烧臂的选型计算(1)

1.2.1燃烧臂的基本结构(1)

1.2.2水平支架的方案设计(1)

1.2.3 水平支架的受力分析(2)

1.2.4 水平支架的强度计算(3)

1.3 垂直支架的方案设计(4)

2.回转机构的设计 (6)

2.1概述(6)

2.1.1 回转支承的型式与结构(13)

2.2 根据所知条件设立回转方案(12)

2.3船用废气燃烧臂的负荷分析(14)

2.3.1 船用废气燃烧臂的外力分析(14)

2.3.2 回转摩擦阻力矩的计算(14)

2.3.3 与回转支承相配合的小齿轮的尺寸几何计算(15)

3.船用废气燃烧臂减速器的设计 (16)

3.1 电动机的选择(16)

3.1.1 选择电动机类型(16)

3.1.2选择电动机容量(17)

3.1.3传动装置的总传动比及其分配(18)

3.1.4 计算传动装置的运动和动力参数(18)

3.2 传动方案设计

3.2.1 确定传动类型 (19)

3.2.2 总传动比和合理分配各级传动比(20)

3.3齿轮传动的设计与校核(21)

3.3.1 轮齿的失效形式(22)

3.3.2变位齿轮简介(23)

3.3.3 齿轮设计准则(25)

3.3.4 高切变位弧齿锥齿轮传动主要尺寸的确定(25)

3.3.5高切变位弧齿锥齿轮正交传动的几何计算(27)

3.3.6 高切变位弧齿锥齿轮接触强度校核(29)

3.4高变位斜齿轮传动主要尺寸的确定(32)

3.4.1高变位齿轮齿轮主要尺寸的初步确定(33)

3.4.2高变位斜齿轮外啮合传动的几何计算(34)

3.4.3高变位斜齿轮接触强度校核(35)

3.5齿轮结构形式的确定(36)

3.5.1高切变位弧齿锥齿轮结构形式(36)

3.5.2高变位斜齿轮结构形式(37)

3.6传动轴的结构设计与校核(37) 3.6.1.输入轴的设计(38)

3.6.1.1确定轴的最小直径(38)

3.6.1.2 按轴向定位要求确定各轴段直径和长度

(39)

3.6.1.3 轴上零件的轴向定位及轴上圆角和倒角的尺寸(40)

3.6.2中间轴的结构设计(40)

3.6.2.1 确定轴的最小直径(40)

3.6.2.2按轴向定位要求确定各轴段直径和长度

(41)

3.6.2.3轴上零件的轴向定位及轴上圆角和倒角的尺寸(41)

3.6.3输出轴的结构设计 (42)

3.6.3.1 确定轴的最小直径(42)

3.6.3.2按定位要求确定各轴段直径和长度

(42)

3.7传动轴的弯扭合成强度计算与疲劳强度校核

(44)

3.7.1传动轴的受力分析(44)

3.7.2轴的弯扭合成强度校核(54)

3.7.3精确校核轴的疲劳强度(51)

3.8轴承与键的校核(53)

3.8.1单列圆锥滚子轴承的寿命校核(53)

3.8.2A型平键的强度校核(54)

3.9 轴系部件的结构设计(55)

3.9.1 轴承盖的结构设计(55)

3.10箱体及附件的设计(57)

3.11 减速器箱体的设计(57)

3.11.1 油面位置及箱座高度的确定(59)

3.11.2 油沟的结构形式及尺寸(59)

3.12减速器的附件(60)

3.12.1 检查孔与检查孔盖的设计(60)

3.12.2 通气器的结构及尺寸(61)

3.12.3 放油孔、螺塞和封油圈(61)

3.12.4 油标指示器(62)

3.12.5 起吊装置(63)

3.12.6 定位销(64)

3.12.6 定位销(65)

3.13减速器主要零件的加工工艺(65)

3.13.1 零件图样分析(66)

3.13.2 中间轴的机械加工工艺过程卡(66)

4.船用废气燃烧臂其它部件的设计(67)

4.1 排气管的选择(67)

4.2 O形橡胶密封圈(67)

参考文献—————————————————（69）

英文翻译————————————————————————（70）

结论（78）

致谢（79）

摘要

船用废气燃烧臂是一种用于排放轮船尾气的一套装备,其中燃烧臂为悬臂结构.在现有的燃烧臂过程中,一般采用船用吊机的设计方法所设计的结构过于保守,使得结构质量偏大.燃烧臂结构安全系数会过大,不仅导致材料浪费和成本增加,而且还会对整个船体的稳定性不利.回面燃烧臂结构需要进行专门的设计.本文燃烧臂底座采用了专门用于回转的回转支承.

回转支承装置是近30年来发展起来的新型机器部件,它已从用子挖掘机和起重仇逐渐发展到用于其它机械。回转支承装置近乎特大型的滚动轴承。它将机器的上部和下部连接起来，用以支承上部的重量和工作负荷，并使上部能相对于下部旋转。本文对燃烧臂底座进行了弯曲强度,剪切强度及抗挤压强度的校核.

而其燃烧臂上部桁架机构的设计比一般船用吊机要轻巧得多,对此燃烧臂结构需要进行单独的强度计算.

由于所要设计的燃烧臂回转速度仅为1/6(r/min),因此,为了考虑其使用效率只使用一个圆锥圆柱减速度器,故,在此次设计中选用了直接带减速装置的凸缘安装型式电动机,此电动机不仅功率和输出转矩能满足要求,而且其输出转速仅为25n/min.

在回转速度低,功率大的燃烧臂装置中,所要求的减速器轴需要很高的强度,因此通过参考一些比较权威的机械设计手册之后,再通过强度校核,选用减速器的轴材料为20CrMn.

关键词：回转支承，圆锥圆柱减速度器，

Abstract

Marine from a burning arm for the tail gas emissions set of vessels and equipment, including combustion for the cantilever arm structure. Arm of the existing combustion process, the general marine crane designed by the design of the structure was too conservative, making the quality of the structure Too large. Combustion arm structural safety factor would be too large, not only lead to waste and material cost increases, but also the stability of the entire hull negative. Backburner arm of the need for specialized design. Combustion arm base paper used a special use Rotary in the rotary bearing.

Rotary support device is nearly 30 years ago to develop a new type of machine components, it has been used excavator and the lifting of hatred to the progressive development of other machinery for. Rotary supporting device near the large rolling bearings. The machine will link the upper and lower to the upper bearing the weight and work load, and the upper to the lower part of the rotation. In this paper, the base of a burning arm bending strength, shear strength and the strength of antiextrusion check. Combustion arm of the Department and its agencies truss design than the general marine hanging confidential lightweight much, this burning need for a separate arm of the Strength calculation.

Because the design of the combustion rotary arm speed is only 1 / 6 (r / min), therefore, in order to consider only the use of its efficiency in the use of a cone cylindrical cut speed, so that in this design selected directly with the slowdown in device Flange installation type motor, the motor not only power and torque output to meet demand, but its output speed is only 25 n / min.

Rotary in the lowspeed, large power plant burning arm, the required reducer axis need a high intensity, some of the more authoritative reference by the mechanical design manual, to check through strength, the choice of reducer shaft material for 20 CrMn .

Key words: slewing bearings, cone cylindrical cut speed,

内容简介：: Welding is to ensure that the ship of the ship and the strength of the key. This paper describes the ship in the welding of several common reasons for the shortcomings and propose preventive measures.Welding is to ensure that the ship of the ship and the strength of the key is to ensure that the key to the quality of the ship, is to ensure the safety of ships navigating and operating an important condition for. If there is a welding defect, it may cause structural faults, leakage, or even cause the ship sank. According to the ship brittle fracture accident investigation showed that 40 percent of brittle fracture from the accident was the beginning of the weld defects. Ships in the township in shipbuilding, ship the welding quality is particularly prominent. In the inspection of ships in the process of welding the test is particularly important. Therefore, should the early detection of defects, the welding defects restricted to a certain extent, to ensure navigational safety. Many types of ship welding defects, according to their different positions, the defects can be divided into external and internal defects. Defects have pores, slag, welding cracks, lack of penetration, not fusion, weld and shape of Dimension are not met, the biting edge, of welding, such as arc pit.first stomatal pore stomatal pore means that the welding, bubble bath in the solidification of the failed escape the hole formed. The main reason there have stomata: groove edge of dirty, water, oil and Xiuji; electrode or not provisions of curing flux, solder or rust-core skin degeneration, such as spalling. In addition, low-hydrogen welding electrode, the arc is too long, welding too fast; submerged arc welding voltage too high, are easily generated in the process of welding stomata. Because the presence of porosity so that the seam of effective cross-section decreased, too large pores will reduce the strength of welds, the destruction of the weld metal density. Prevention is to have a stoma: choose the right welding current And welding speed and groove edge to clean up water, oil and Xiuji. Strictly in accordance with the regulations custody, clearing and curing welding materials. Not to use degenerate electrode, when the skin degeneration drug discovery electrode, spalling or welding core corrosion, should strictly control the use of. SAW, should use the appropriate welding process parameters, particularly the plate automatic welding, welding speed should be as small as possible more.Sendcent, slagSlag is the residue of the weld slag. Weld slag will also reduce the intensity and density. A slag is the main reason for Weld aerobic cutting edge of gas or carbon arc shaver residual slag; groove angle or welding current is too small, too fast or welding. Acid in the use of electrode, the current is too small or because of improper transport of a paste residue to use alkaline electrode, the arc is too long or because of incorrect polarity will cause the slag. A SAW back cover, from welding wire center, but also easy to slag formation. Prevention Slag produced the measures are: select the right groove size, to clean up groove edge, choose the right welding current and welding speed, and transport of the swing should be appropriate. Multi-welding, should be carefully observed groove on both sides of melting, each layer must be welded to clean up welding slag. Back cover welding slag should be thoroughly removed, SAW attention should be paid to prevent the solder side.Third, bite Weld left edge of the Depression, known as the biting edge. A biting edge because the welding current is too large, Yun of the speed and arc welding rod stretched too long or inappropriate angle. SAW welding speed too fast or welder orbit causes of inequality, will cause the melting of welding to a certain depth, and filled with metal also failed to fill the resulting biting edge. Reduce the biting edge of the base metal joint cross-section of work, thereby resulting in the biting edge of stress concentration, it was important to the structure or structure of the dynamic load, is generally not allowed to bite While there, or to bite-depth limit. Bite-prevention approach is: Choose the right of the welding current and transport practices, the attention of control at any time arc welding rod angle and length; SAW process parameters to be appropriate, with special attention to welding speed should not be too high, welding machine to track formation.Fourth, lack of penetration, no fusionWelding, the joints were not fully root penetration of the phenomenon, known as the lack of penetration in the welding pieces of metal and weld seam or a partial layer of penetration phenomenon, known as Fusion did not. Lack of penetration or fusion is a more serious flaw, since lack of penetration or fusion, Weld will appear intermittent or mutation, weld strength greatly reduced, or even cause cracks. Therefore, in the hull of the important parts of the structure does not allow existence of lack of penetration, the situation is not fusion. Lack of penetration and fusion is not the cause of the welding assembly space or slope argument Of small, blunt-thick, too much electrode diameter, the current is too small, too fast and too long arc, and so on. Weldment groove surface oxide film, oil, and so did not remove clean, or when it flows in the welding of metal slag hinder the transport of the fusion or improper practices, the arc in the groove while partial and other reasons, will not cause the edge fusion. Prevent the lack of penetration or fusion approach is the right size selected groove, a reasonable choice of welding current and speed, groove and the surface of skin to remove oil pollution clean; back cover welding-roots thoroughly, and transport of the swing should be appropriate, pay close attention to slope I fusion on both sides of the situation.fifth, welding cracksWelding Crack is a very serious shortcomings. More from the destruction of the cracks, in the process of welding to take all necessary measures to prevent the emergence of crack in the welding used various methods to check for cracks. Found a crack, should be removed, and then to repair.Welding crack a hot crack, crack cold. Weld metal from liquid to solid in the crystallization process known as the crack of crack, its characteristic is that immediately after the welding, and more in the center seam along the seam length of the distribution. Heat cracks the surface throughout most of the gap, showing of color, slightly crack the end of round. A hot crack in the weld pool because there are low melting point impurities (such as FeS, etc.). As a result of these impurities low melting point, crystal solidified the latest, after the solidification of plastic and intensity is very low. Because This, in the structure of binding stress enough the outside world and the solidification of the weld metal contraction, the pool of low melting point of these impurities in the solidification process was started, or shortly after being opened coagulation, resulting in cracks between the crystal. Welding electrode, and pieces of sulphur, copper and other impurities in a long time, but also easy to produce thermal cracks. Prevent hot crack the measures are as follows: 1 to strictly control the welding process parameters, slow down the cooling rate, to increase weld shape factor, as far as possible, using small current multi-channel multi-welding, in order to avoid weld cracks Centre and the other is seriously The implementation of a point of order, select a reasonable welding process, welding to reduce stress.Weld metal in the cooling process or cooling, the base metal or in the base metal and weld the junction of the fusion line known as the cold crack crack. Such cracks are likely to arise immediately after the welding is also possible in a few hours after welding, a few days or even longer before there. Cold crack the main reason for: 1) the role of heat cycle, the heat-affected zone generated Hardened organizations, 2) a weld in the excessive proliferation of hydrogen, and has a concentration of the conditions 3) joint bear Binding a greater stress. PreventThe cold crack measures are: 1) choice of low-hydrogen electrode, in the weld to reduce the spread of the content of hydrogen, 2) strictly abide by the welding materials (electrode, Flux) custody, baking, use the system, guard against exposed to moisture, 3) carefully cleaning up slope I edge of the oil pollution, water and Xiuji, to reduce the sources of hydrogen, 4) According to material grades of carbon equivalent, component thickness, the environment, such as welding, a reasonable choice of the welding process parameters and energy lines, such as welding before preheating, solder After the cold ease, taking multi-channel multi-welding, a certain level of control temperature, 5) after the heat emergency Treatment to dehydrogenase, to eliminate the stress and temper hardened organizations, to improve joint toughness; 6) the reasonable use of welding procedures, the use of sub-retreat law, such as welding, and welding to reduce stress.sixth, other flawsWelding is also common to a number of welding, arc welding pit and on the external dimensions and shape of the defect. A welding of the main reasons is the uneven distribution of transport, resulting pool temperature is too high, the liquid metal solidified slowly falling, thus formed on the surface of the weld metal aneurysm. Li, Yang welding, the use of too much current and arc welding, but also likely to be of welding. Hang generated arc is put out the reasons for the arc of time is too short, or welding suddenly interrupted or when the current welding plate too much, and so on. Welding seam surface appearance of influence, and easy to create folders surface Java; arc pits and cracks are often accompanied pores, seriously weakened welding strength. Prevent welding of the main measures to strictly control the pool temperature, Li, Yang welding, welding current ratio should be 10-15 per cent of small-welding, the use of alkaline electrode, should be used short arc welding, and maintain uniformity of transport. Hang prevent arc is the main measures in hand to arc welding, welding rod should stay for a short period of time or for several of the ring shipped.Some shortcomings of the existence of the safety of ships navigating is very dangerous, once discovered defects should be promptly amended. The porosity of the amendments, particularly for internal pores, to confirm location, application of wind spade or carbon-arc-shaver clear all the porosity deficiencies and to a corresponding groove, and then carry out welding; the slag, the lack of penetration, Fusion is not the defect, but also have to use the same method of removing defects, and then in accordance with the regulations for welding. For crack, should be carefully examined before the crack, crack and the end of The depth, and then eliminate defects. Wind shovel used to eliminate defects, cracks, should first crack at both ends of the drill hole only to prevent the extension of crack. Bored at 8 12 mm by bit, the depth should be more than crack depth 2 3 mm. Carbon arc gas planing to eliminate cracks, they should first crack at both ends of a routing, until the crack eliminated, then the whole crack Paochu. No matter what method to eliminate defects cracks, it should be a corresponding groove, in accordance with the regulations for welding.Weld defect that the attention should be paid: 1) Welding defects, should adopt the small current, do not swing, multi-multi-channel welding, used to prohibit the current Welding 2) of the rigid structure of the Welding , In addition to the first layer and the final layer of welding, welding can be carried out under heat after hammering. Each floor from the arc welding and arc should try to stagger 3) require preheating of the material, the work environment at temperatures below 0 , should take corresponding measures preheating, 4) the requirements of the welding of heat treatment , In heat treatment Defects before the amendment; 5) Grade D, E-class high-strength steel and structural steel welding defects, by hand Arc Welding Bushi, the line of control energy should be used welding method. Each time welding defects should be completed, not half-way stop. Preheat temperature and the temperature layer should be maintained at above 60 . 6) the elimination of defects in welds of welding, and not allowed back in the water under pressure circumstances; 7) revised the seam, the seam should be asked to re-examine the testing, found that over again if allowed to limit the deficiencies , Should be re-amended, until qualified. Welding may make no more than the number provided for repairing. 船舶焊接是保证船舶密性和强度的关键。本文详细介绍了船舶焊接中几种常见的缺陷原因并提出防止措施。船舶焊接是保证船舶密性和强度的关键，是保证船舶质量的关键，是保证船舶安全航行和作业的重要条件。如果焊接存在着缺陷，就有可能造成结构断裂、渗漏，甚至引起船舶沉没。据对船舶脆断事故调查表明，40%脆断事故是从焊缝缺陷处开始的。在乡镇船舶造船中，船舶的焊接质量问题尤为突出。在对船舶进行检验的过程中，对焊缝的检验尤为重要。因此，应及早发现缺陷，把焊接缺陷限制在一定范围内，以确保航行安全。船舶焊接缺陷种类很多，按其位置不同，可分为外部缺陷和内部缺陷。常见缺陷有气孔、夹渣、焊接裂纹、未焊透、未熔合、焊缝外形尺寸和形状不符合要求、咬边、焊瘤、弧坑等。一、气孔气孔是指在焊接时，熔池中的气泡在凝固时未能逸出而形成的空穴。产生气孔的主要原因有：坡口边缘不清洁，有水份、油污和锈迹；焊条或焊剂未按规定进行焙烘，焊芯锈蚀或药皮变质、剥落等。此外，低氢型焊条焊接时，电弧过长，焊接速度过快；埋弧自动焊电压过高等，都易在焊接过程中产生气孔。由于气孔的存在，使焊缝的有效截面减小，过大的气孔会降低焊缝的强度，破坏焊缝金属的致密性。预防产生气孔的办法是：选择合适的焊接电流和焊接速度，认真清理坡口边缘水份、油污和锈迹。严格按规定保管、清理和焙烘焊接材料。不使用变质焊条，当发现焊条药皮变质、剥落或焊芯锈蚀时，应严格控制使用范围。埋弧焊时，应选用合适的焊接工艺参数，特别是薄板自动焊，焊接速度应尽可能小些。二、夹渣夹渣就是残留在焊缝中的熔渣。夹渣也会降低焊缝的强度和致密性。产生夹渣的原因主要是焊缝边缘有氧割或碳弧气刨残留的熔渣；坡口角度或焊接电流太小，或焊接速度过快。在使用酸性焊条时，由于电流太小或运条不当形成“糊渣”；使用碱性焊条时，由于电弧过长或极性不正确也会造成夹渣。进行埋弧焊封底时，焊丝偏离焊缝中心，也易形成夹渣。防止产生夹渣的措施是：正确选取坡口尺寸，认真清理坡口边缘，选用合适的焊接电流和焊接速度，运条摆动要适当。多层焊时，应仔细观察坡口两侧熔化情况，每一焊层都要认真清理焊渣。封底焊渣应彻底清除，埋弧焊要注意防止焊偏。三、咬边焊缝边缘留下的凹陷，称为咬边。产生咬边的原因是由于焊接电流过大、运条速度快、电弧拉得太长或焊条角度不当等。埋弧焊的焊接速度过快或焊机轨道不平等原因，都会造成焊件被熔化去一定深度，而填充金属又未能及时填满而造成咬边。咬边减小了母材接头的工作截面，从而在咬边处造成应力集中，故在重要的结构或受动载荷结构中，一般是不允许咬边存在的，或到咬边深度有所限制。防止产生咬边的办法是：选择合适的焊接电流和运条手法，随时注意控制焊条角度和电弧长度；埋弧焊工艺参数要合适，特别要注意焊接速度不宜过高，焊机轨道要平整。四、未焊透、未熔合焊接时，接头根部未完全熔透的现象，称为未焊透；在焊件与焊缝金属或焊缝层间有局部未熔透现象，称为未熔合。未焊透或未熔合是一种比较严重的缺陷，由于未焊透或未熔合，焊缝会出现间断或突变，焊缝强度大大降低，甚至引起裂纹。因此，在船体的重要结构部分均不允许存在未焊透、未熔合的情况。未焊透和未熔合的产生原因是焊件装配间隙或坡口角度太小、钝边太厚、焊条直径太大、电流过小、速度太快及电弧过长等。焊件坡口表面氧化膜、油污等没有清除干净，或在焊接时该处流入熔渣妨碍了金属之间的熔合或运条手法不当，电弧偏在坡口一边等原因，都会造成边缘不熔合。防止未焊透或未熔合的方法是正确选取坡口尺寸，合理选用焊接电流和速度，坡口表面氧化皮和油污要清除干净；封底焊清根要彻底，运条摆动要适当，密切注意坡口两侧的熔合情况。五、焊接裂纹焊接裂纹是一种非常严重的缺陷。结构的破坏多从裂纹处开始，在焊接过程中要采取一切必要的措施防止出现裂纹，在焊接后要采用各种方法检查有无裂纹。一经发现裂纹，应彻底清除，然后给予修补。焊接裂纹有热裂纹、冷裂纹。焊缝金属由液态到固态的结晶过程中产生的裂纹称为热裂纹，其特征是焊后立即可见，且多发生在焊缝中心，沿焊缝长度方向分布

温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。