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高空作业车上车工作装置设计【机+液】【10张图纸+毕业论文】【优秀】

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高空作业车上车工作装置设计

50页 22000字数+说明书+外文翻译+10张CAD图纸【详情如下】

上臂.dwg

下臂.dwg

外文翻译--高空作业车.doc

工作台.dwg

工作栏.dwg

液压系统.dwg

液压系统简图.dwg

液压缸.dwg

装配图.dwg

部件.dwg

高空作业车上臂.dwg

高空作业车上车工作装置.dwg

高空作业车上车工作装置设计说明书.doc

高空作业车下臂.dwg

目录

摘要I

AbstractII

1 绪论1

1.1高空作业车的作用和意义1

1.1.1高空作业车简介1

1.1.2高空作业车用途1

1.1.3高空作业车的技术特点1

1.1.4选题意义2

1.1.5外国高空作业车的发展概况2

1.1.6国内高空作业车发展状况3

2上车机构的机械原理设计和分析6

2.1上车机构的组成部分6

2.2上车结构图6

2.3机械设计分析7

3 上车机构传动结构设计8

3.1上车机构的受力分析8

3.2参数确定9

3.2.1杆长确定9

3.2.2确定参数的范围9

3.2.3初定断面尺寸10

3.3可靠性设计12

3.3.1臂L强度校核13

3.3.2臂L强度校核15

3.3.3铰接旋转轴的强度校核17

4 液压系统设计18

4.1液压系统的构成18

4.2液压系统设计概述18

4.3设计依据18

4.4主要机构简述18

4.5高空作业车起升机构的液压回路设计18

4.5.1动作分析18

4.5.2液压回路设计18

4.5.3优缺点分析20

4.6高空作业车回转机构液压回路20

4.6.1动作分析20

4.6.2液压回路设计20

4.7高空作业车变幅机构液压回路设计21

4.7.1动作分析21

4.7.2液压回路设计21

4.8整体液压回路设计21

4.9上臂油缸的设计22

4.9.1缸筒壁厚的计算24

4.9.2缸体的外径计算25

4.10下臂油缸的设计与计算26

4.10.1缸筒壁厚的计算27

4.10.2缸体的外径计算27

4.10.3流量的计算28

4.11起升机构液压马达设计计算28

4.12液压泵的确定29

4.12.1液压泵的最大工作压力P的确定：29

4.12.2液压泵的流量Q的计算30

4.13油箱的选择30

5工作台水平调整机构设计32

结论36

致谢37

参考文献38

附录39

附录139

6高空作业车的操作保养与维修39

6.1高空作业车的操作行为规范39

6.2高空作业车的保养与维修40

6.3高空作业车的常见故障及排除方法42

摘要

　　　高空作业车主要应用于路灯、电力、交通、高速公路、造船修船、通信、建筑、园林、广告、机场、港口、有线电视等行业，使用面广、作业效率高、安全方便，拥有巨大的市场潜力。本课题主要是对其上车部分进行理论分析、计算并进行结构设计。

　　　高空作业车是由两个机械臂组成，合理确定其一些基本尺寸，运用理论力学知识对其受力分析，用材料力学知识进行强度校核，确定其他尺寸。根据负载条件，选择液压元件，设计液压系统。运用绘图软件Pro-e , CAD，画出零件图和装配图。

　　　可靠性设计可以保证高空作业车有足够的强度，有利于保证生产的安全。

关键词 受力分析；强度校核；液压系统；零件图和装配图

1 绪论

1.1高空作业车的作用和意义

1.1.1高空作业车简介

1.1.1.1高空作业车的含义

高空作业车是指3米以上，由液压或电动系统支配多支液压油缸，能够上下举升进行作业的一种车辆。采用液压传动的载人高空作业车，是当代先进的物种机械设备。施工人员借助高空作业车升空工作，只要正确使用，安全得到保证。但操作不妥或安全措施未落实，它又是一种十分危险的主空作业规程，要制定一定的行为规范。

1.1.1.2高空作业车的分类

高空作业车大体有折叠臂、伸缩臂、混合臂、自行式、剪叉式等五个系列， 东风小霸王高空作业车、东风多利卡高空作业车、东风145高空作业车，江铃高空作业车，庆铃高空作业车，奥铃高空作业车。 高空作业车的颜色以工程黄的颜色为主，不论是在白天和黑夜，黄色比较醒目。另提供多种选择。

1.1.2高空作业车用途

主要应用于电力，通讯，路灯，交警，高速公路，有线电视，修造船，建筑，园林，广告，摄景，大型企业等行业.

1.1.3高空作业车的技术特点

(1)新型的全液压自行式专用底盘。研制的具有完全自主知识产权的自行式高空作业升降平台车，采用了机电液一体化、可靠性设计和计算机辅助设计等技术，成功地研制了一种全液压驱动、自行式专用底盘，突破了以往国内高空作业升降平台车只能采用汽车或起重机底盘改装设计的限制。

　(2)带载行驶、作业稳定性好。底盘结构突破了传统的设计理论和方法，通过优化上车平台总体布局与载荷分布，减少了重心偏移。采用独特的大角度后仰式铰点结构，合理设置多种配重模块，有效地平衡了工作力矩。采用H型变截面复合箱梁剐性车架和高负荷实心橡胶轮胎，增加了底盘整体刚度，保证了整机行驶、作业过程的稳定性，实现了高空作业升降平台车带载行驶的功能。

　(3)多功能、多用途的作业装置。通过大臂前端托架，可以快速安装举升装置或载人平台，实现物料举升、起重吊装和载人高空作业等功能，同时为扩展作业装置以及各种工作装置的快速切换提供了接口。

　(4)独特的三维旋转托举装置。设计的三维旋转托举装置，既能够自动保持被举升物料的姿态，又可以实现举升物料在空间内任意高度、任意位置和任意方向的调整要求，速度控制精确灵敏，微动性能好，满足了大型洞库内高空作业与通风管道安装的要求。 曲臂式高空作业车能悬伸作业、跨越一定的障碍或在一处升降可进行多点作业；平台载重量大，可供两人或多人同时作业并可搭载一定的设备；升降平台移动性好，转移场地方便；外型美观，适于室内外作业和存放。适用于车站、码头、商场、体育场馆、小区物业、厂矿车间等大范围作业。 拖车式折臂高空作业车，移动方便，折臂结构紧凑，采用新型优质型钢，强度高、重量轻、直接接入交流电或采用本身直流电源启动，架设速度快，工作台即可升高又可水平延伸，还可旋转，易于跨越障碍物到达工作位置，是理想的高空作业设备。 在作业斗内和回转座上均设有操纵装置, 远距离控制发动机的启动/停止、高速/低速，采用电液比例阀控制臂的动作，平稳性好，工作臂可左、右360°连续旋转，靠连杆机构自动维持作业槽水平，主泵出现故障时可操纵应急泵下降作业槽，具备夜间照明，可起吊重物。产品被广泛用于电力、路灯、市政、园林、通信、机场、造（修）船、交通、广告、摄影等高空作业领域。 新型的全液压自行式专用底盘研制的具有完全自主知识产权的自行式高空作业升降平台车，采用了机电液一体化、可靠性设计和计算机辅助设计等技术，成功地研制了一种全液压驱动、自行式专用底盘，突破了以往国内高空作业升降平台车只能采用汽车或起重机底盘改装设计的限制。 带载行驶、作业稳定性好，底盘结构突破了传统的设计理论和方法，通过优化上车平台总体布局与载荷分布，减少了重心偏移。采用独特的大角度后仰式铰点结构，合理设置多种配重模块，有效地平衡了工作力矩。采用H型变截面复合箱梁剐性车架和高负荷实心橡胶轮胎，增加了底盘整体刚度，保证了整机行驶、作业过程的稳定性，实现了高空作业升降平台车带载行驶的功能。多功能、多用途的作业装置，通过大臂前端托架，可以快速安装举升装置或载人平台，实现物料举升、起重吊装和载人高空作业等功能，同时为扩展作业装置以及各种工作装置的快速切换提供了接口。 独特的三维旋转托举装置设计的三维旋转托举装置，既能够自动保持被举升物料的姿态，又可以实现举升物料在空间内任意高度、任意位置和任意方向的调整要求，速度控制精确灵敏，微动性能好，满足了大型洞库内高空作业与通风管道安装的要求。

1.1.4选题意义

内容简介：
高空作业车在millsom最近的一篇论文中增加了高空作业车的内容。高空作业车是用于单人或者双人操作的模型，可以提供一个小巧的可以提升的装置，这个装置可以给紧靠在一起的工作人员一个工作空间。工作平台可以用于单人操作，也可以用于双人操作，单人操作的工作平台长640毫米，宽630毫米，双人操作的工作平台是长1200毫米，宽600毫米。一旦工作完成，单人型工作平台折叠后的尺寸是长1360毫米，宽840毫米，高2120毫米，双人型工作平台折叠后的尺寸是长1420毫米，宽840毫米，高2120毫米。高空作业车不仅能提升8000毫米和10000毫米的高度，还有一个功率为750瓦的发动机，有单人高空作业车125千克的安全工作负载，或者双人高空作业车300千克的安全工作负载。JLG为了纪念国家安全月停止使用高空作业车，JLG工厂正在网站主持一场比赛.在六月份给一个赢家便携式提升高空作业车颁奖，这场比赛很自由，所有的在一定高度使用梯子或提升高空作业设备工作的工人和经纪人均可参加。这个网站还会在展示JLG的关于考虑工作车间安全事项的研发产品，这个公司优先为美国提升设备开发的。提升设备的设计是为了代替梯子，给工人提供十四种工作高度，使他们可以双手工作，便于使用一个普通的18V的电钻或背着多功能工具包，这场竞赛持续到6月30日。沙地石油安全组织高空作业车安全培训标准AWP2005 18 1，0，目的 这个标准的目的是清晰地建立高空作业车培训组织者提供的高空作业车培训的最低可接受的内容。这些培训提供者在沙地石油协会得到了信任身份。这个标准是为需要使用高空作业车的工人设定的。至于这个标准的所有的参考定义，看附录一。这个标准的例外必须得到沙地石油协会委员会的认可。1，1声明 这个版本的信息仅仅出于普通的解释和说明目的，无论如何不会在沙地石油协会成员和雇员和培训提供者，指导者和合同指导者，被信用培训提供者或者其他组织训练的雇员之间产生经济或专业性的关系，这个标准并不适用于任何场合，忽略其他现行的标准和此处发布的标准，这个标准不是符合OH&S条例或者伴随的法案的一个确切的导向。每一个读者和使用者都应为遵守所有适用的方案（包括OH&S条例）负责。沙地石油协会不履行更新现行发布的标准的义务或者为此处发布的标准的进一步发展提供建议的义务。职业健康，安全，团体培训和车间里受尊重的雇工有雇佣者和被雇佣者的责任。1,2说明高空作业车的安全培训标准已经被确立，为了以满足沙地石油协会成员公司的最低需要来引导培训提供者。内容的传递和资格测试的完成通常需用8小时，依据以下某条或者全部：*参加者的数量；*完成评价的指导者人数；*可用测试的高空作业车的数量；应该声明培训需要满足最终用户的这个标准；为了反映监管者和工程师对这个标准的安全工作的责任，他们要需要进行额外的培训。为了接受沙地石油组织提供的高空作业车培训资格的认证，这是要满足的最低标准。1.3范围需要使用自我提升的高空作业车的最终使用者（工人）必须接受培训，且有合理使用，照看和维修高空作业车的能力，沙地石油组织的高空作业车标准的目的是为了保证工人能证实自己在高空作业车的使用和理论方面的基本的知识和熟练水平。根据先前的陈述，认证中的所有提交的程序至少要满足这个标准的每一部分的具体要求。2.0高空作业车的基础2.1法规和标准1）纵览阿尔贝特OH&S方案，法规和对高空作业车操作的法规；2）培训材料和指导的发展必然会很有作用，不仅仅局限于至少以下内容：a) CSA B354.1-04 便携式提升高空作业车b) CSA 354.4-02 自推进式吊杆支撑高空作业车c) CSA 354.2-01 自推进式高空作业车d) ANSI A92.6-1999 自推进式高空作业车e) ANSI A92.5-2006 吊杆支撑式高空作业车 注意：如果以上任何一点法规被修订，那么必须使用新的修订版本。3.0高空作业车的种类参加者必须能够：1， 区分操作与技术上的差别；2，证实有选择为开发的事例选择合理的机械的能力，为了证实参加者对不同的机器的如下构成设备的理解：a向不同方向推的单元；b蟹型机械手提升设备；c抓紧或放松机器手；d超长直臂提升机；e多功能提升机。4.0高空作业车构件一，培训程序必须包括以下的内容，参加者必须用一下的导向讨论每一个系统组件：a粗略浏览;b设计具体的组合键的定义;c组件的功能；d使用之前的检查，可见的单元的检查，保护与维修。注意：使用前的检查必须作为一个辩证的项目教授e与任何组建相关的危险必须被讨论，参加者必须有描述那些危险的鉴别和控制的能力。2.组件：A安全组件b连接组件c不同种类的控制器d车轮，轮胎，轮轴，车轴e汽缸，泵体f燃料系统g发动机（气动机，柴油机，蒸汽机，电动机）h加速器，剪式提升机包括起重机的臂，挺杆的提升i篮式工作台j安全设备（例如：倾斜吊车臂，开关和限制开关，紧急控制器，气动刹车）k经营管理系统；l稳定设备，触发设备；m运动吊车手臂；n包装系统；o可伸长吊车臂；p合适的下落保护系统；q多项选择设备；注意：以上列举的内容之可以作为参考，并不可以限制整个教学内容。5.0 熟练地测试尽管在以前的标准中都有所介绍，第五章第一，二，三节描述的关于实践和知识的评价是很重要的；这样是为了保证参加者高效的完成高空作业车训练项目。在熟练测试过程中，参加者有机会证实操作低于八十英尺以及高于八十英尺高空作业车。获取高空作业车证书的最低要求是高效的完成低于八十英尺的高空作业车操作的训练任务，也可以选择高于八十英尺 的高空操作。任何出色的完成高于八十英尺的高空操作的参加者也都获得低于八十英尺的高空作业车操作的认证。5，1知识测评参加者必须通过单独的回答以下的问题来证实知识和熟练程度。1 使用高空作业车的禁止条件；2 雇主和受雇工人的责任；3 对装备的熟悉 CSA B354.4-02, ANSI A92.6-1999 7.7) 4 交流的重点包括操作者有能力进行操作前的计划和效率报告；5 载荷限制与计算； 6安全设备到哪里去找他们，他们在做什么，要做什么检查，等等；7危险地面，电线，等等；8组件列举于第4.0章（2）-他们的用途和约束条件；9系统（机械式，电力式，液压式）10最小安全工作距离；11紧急控制12运送路线13 复杂问题14 设备的捕捉A不同型号和不同OH&S编码的机械的下落保护设备；B下落保护和行车限制的差别；16手工操作的制造者17用前检查18提升的型号19设备限制20 天气考虑5，2 低于八十英尺高空作业车的实践测试 参加者必须成功的证实自己按照如下部分 熟练操作高空作业车的能力，详细内容见第一章和第五章第五节。1 使用前，需要走动观察检查和进行效率报告2 定位和观察操作者的手动操作参考具体的机械制造者提供的推荐的用前操作测试3需要操作前的检测和效率报告4进行行进路线的检查5证实到哪里发现机械和检查评价机械的能力6证实合理操作如下设备的能力a摆动b升降到最大或者最小高度c远眺机械内外d前进或倒退e垂直向左或者向右 f工作台旋转g工作台抬升h地面设备和工作台紧急下降系统i上升和下降控制j安全设备检查不仅仅包括车臂倾斜传感器，安全保护系统等k确定作业车在行驶过程中的危险的特征l确定合理的使用下落高度保护系统m合理的操作或者上升或者塔架n合理地操作起重机的臂，挺杆。5.3高于80英尺作业车的实践检测a可伸缩的机械臂的功能和合理使用b管理信息系统的功能和作用c不断变化的地面特征是怎样影响增加的高度的d 由于操作者判断错误和个人意外对增加的高度的影响 5.4培训认证参加者将会被给与能够证实他们成功的完成沙地石油协会认证的高空作业车操作的培训项目的证书。证书必须成功的鉴证低于或者高于八十英尺的高空作业车，任何完成高于八十英尺的高空作业车的参加者将会获得低于八十英尺的高空作业车的认证。在这个时候培训提供者将会告知所有的参加者他们将会在培训过程中的知识和技能。5.5 保留记录培训记录被培训提供者保留至少四年自认证之日起。6.0再认证过程6.1认证截止时间高空作业车认证培训是从最初的认证日期至不到三年时间有根据的。6.2再认证过程复习一切关于高空作业车的主要变化，包括并不仅仅现有的知识：a高空作业车的理论变化b经验的变化c标准条例的变化d所有组件的变化e负荷计算f，人员保护设备的变化g像5.1 5.2 5.3 各部分介绍的熟练操作高空作业车参加者不仅要成功的通过高空作业车再认证操作（理论和实践），他们获取了进行沙地石油协会认证的高空作业车的培训的项目。沙地石油协会组织会根据原则继续每三年复查一次机械的材料，那时还要复习再培训7.0附录一说明1“安全操作信封”意味着生产厂家起草设计的关于正在操作的某种机械的操作限制。2安全设备是指一定数量的保护操作者的构件。3高空作业车安全培训标准是指或者标准意思是沙地石油协会的文件AWP2003-01制定的最低培训标准，这个标准不断地被该协会更新修改。4锚是一个固定的附着点。5指导平台是沙地石油组织的所有者书面上提供的对最初文件的赞成和对任何安全培训标准或者区域职业准则的修改和异议的认可6，连接结构是指别针，灌木装置，螺栓装置；7，合同说明：一个独立在一个被认可的培训提供者之外的个人或组织在完成该培训提供者的培训项目，签署了所有的法律条款，并且满足了这个标准所发布的一些要求。8控制器：功能控制杆或开关；9，汽缸：液压缸或者汽缸；10，紧急控制器：在紧急情况下为保证他们可以降低工作篮或者工作平台而设计的任何系统如：阀门，电动机，泵等；11，发动机：包括内燃机，电动机；12：铁丝网：绳索，电线，塑料软管和可以编织在高空作业车上的其他物体；13，信封管理系统：任何被设计的用来控制高空作业车的部件的自动化系统；14，资格：一个熟练地有经验的工人操作高空作业车的那些关于功能控制和设备安全的信息；15，泡沫充填：用混合物代替轮胎中的气体，这些混合物使轮胎固化，这样可以清除轮胎中的小孔和增加重量；16，燃料系统：包括汽油，柴油，丙烷或者电子燃料系统或者相同燃料的结合；17，全身的重量：一个由连接带构成的支撑设备，连接带是专门设计的提供一个可以附着的保险带救生索或者其他设备至少可以承担大腿，肩膀，和盆骨的下落重力；18，教练：被信任的培训提供者雇佣的个人，他们在遵守培训条款的前提下提供培训；19，保险带：一个有弹性的带状绳索，或者人造织物，或者用来保证一个全身重量的绳索，救生带或者一个锚；20，MSAD：最低安全操作距离。高空作业车朱，米勒安全控制失误管理在过去的二十年里，没什么能比高空作业车资格证书更能够改变建设工人在高处执行他们的工作任务的方式了。这个项目包括高空作业车，高空提升机和折叠剪式升降机，如果正确的使用可以快速安全的提供一个工作区域，以前只可以用扶梯，梯子，或者起重机的篮式工作台可以触及到的。许多工人难以想象没有他们工作会是怎样。要牢记的最重要的一点是在操作任何高空作业车之前都要阅读和遵守厂家的安全和操作手册。OROSA规则需要手工操作在提升车上进行，这种规则通常会在固定于机械的机架和栏杆上的聚氯乙烯中发现。有一些安全和正确的使用这种设备的问题在日常操作中被提出。我是否需要拥有一份能证明我已经通过了合理使用这种设备的培训的操作者的证明新建或者证书呢？不像叉车操作培训，OHSA规则不需要能够证实操作者已经完成了高空作业车或者剪刀式提升车的证明信件或者资格证书。这并不意味着他们不需要被培训。向其他的设备一样，只有培训过的或者被授权的被雇佣者才被允许使用它们。此外许多一般的承包商要求操作者有一个能够证实他们已被培训的证明信件或者资格证。这些培训应该包括：1,电子自然属性，下落，和其他操作高空作业车的危险；2,针对危险的预防措施；3，提升车的计算，许用载荷（包括工人，工具材料）4,厂家的要求，就像操作手册中描述的一样； 5，证明在实际操作高空作业车的技能和理论知识。我是否需要系好安全带呢？当在高空作业车上或者很高的梯架上做动作时，我是否需要系紧安全带？是的，这样是为了保护操作者不被甩下高空作业车，如果被另一个工具或者器具的残片或者它移动的时候掉进了一个坑，或者碰到障碍物。我可以将自己扎在一个剪刀式梯架的结构上吗？不可以，OHSA规则明确的禁止操作。当在剪式升降机上做动作时，我需要系上安全带吗？不可以，厂家在剪式升降机上提供了标准的准备衡量，这样可以有效的提供下落保护。我可以将自己固定在剪式升降机外的结构上吗？OHSA规则明确的允许这种行为，然而在允许这种操作之前，一个有资格的人需要权衡所有潜在的问题或者危险，设备提供的适用标准，和雇佣者培训程度，根据情形的需要调整任何一个部分。在剪式升降机动作时，我可以站在横梁上或者在横梁之间铺设木板作为平台，或者使用一个折梯？不，厂家的操作说明要求操作者在剪式升降机上工作时要站在提升机的底板上。这有时候会很麻烦的，因为上面的说明禁止提升机达到在机械的底板上可触及的工作位置，在这些情形下，一个有经验的人会做出评价来决定到达工作区域最合适的方法。我可以使用一个高空作业车或者剪式升降机达到一个车顶，底板，或者其他的工作平台？如果当工人在提升机和工作平台间移动时使用下落保护设备，如横梁或者一个下落阻止系统，工人可以进出高空作业车，在进入提升车的过程中，工人可以将自己系在提升车上或者一个合适的附近结构上。（如果提升车在设计后能够承担操作工人的运动或者重力在垂直和水平方向上的载荷）这意味着没有一个完整的保护横梁着陆区域，一个操作工必须穿着一个100%系着双腿的安全带，在进入提升机内要将安全带系在结构上，之后解开安全带。其他的操作高空作业车的考虑包括：*注意头顶的障碍物和头顶的电线*用能够承担加载器上载荷的足够强度的材料*确保底板区域没有能够提供障碍或者潜在跌到危险的废弃物，工具或者设备*不要使用提升机将障碍物推离提升路线*在大底版开口的边缘安装保险横杠，防止提升车开到边缘*注意到吧如果他在行进的过程中被缠住一个系在提升车的保险杠上的伸长的粗绳会引起提升车翻到*当它的抬升高度达到厂家明确规定的极限高度时，不要再动提升车*查明厂家的计算许用载荷，不要超过他们*当进入提升车时要关上入口的门或者锁上锁链*在提升车上不要使用折梯，筒状干砌石墙来获得额外的高度如果高空作业车被正确的使用，它会是无价的节省时间的财产，没有参照他们的限制条件去操作高空作业车和相似的设备会损害他们同时会伤害你自己。标准的操作程序内容列表范围和目的相关的程序和资源职员的责任定义操作培训和再培训要求和规则范围和目的A高空作业车标准操作程序的目的是为他们的安全操作提供程序；B程序包括培训和操作者的证书，一般和具体的使用要求，规则，检查和维修相关的程序和资源A标准操作程序3O，下落危险管理B下落保护领域的培训程序块C高空作业车操作培训块职员的责任A监管责任1选定操作者，没有适当的培训雇佣工人不允许操作一台高空作业车，培训证明文件和授权书2确保所有的操作工都按照以下要求合理的接受培训A所有的公司政策和程序b所有当事人的需求c在使用和维修方面的所有适用的厂家说明书d所有使用的联邦政府的政策和当地的指导方针3当选用高空作业车时，应考虑以下几点：A危险和不危险的位置B适用的工作空间（机械动作）C达到工作区域需要的提升高度4维修以下内容的工作位置A操作者培训b检查报告c5被发现需要维修保护或者存在任何不安全因素，要从服务区移开高空作业车，拔出钥匙和在控制金属板上放置一个安全标牌“停止，禁止使用”6当更换零件时只能使用和原配件的设计相等的零件B操作者的责任1遵守好安全操作是操作者的义务，操作者的安全也是作业车上其他工作人员的安全，周围的工作区域要依靠操作者作出的决定2操作者应当遵从公司的政策和程序3当操作高空作业车时，操作者总是要持有身份证4操作者总是要确保操作和维修使用手册存放在可以预防天气的高空作业车分隔存放间里。定义A高空提升机（也指高空作业车）一个移动的设备，该设备有一个可调整工作位置的由一个距地面有一定高度的结构支撑的工作平台。考虑到高空作业车可以把人员提升到高于地面的工作点，这种设备包括如下几种工具：1可延伸的作业车2高空梯架3连杆式作业车4竖直的梯架B使用者护理，控制和保管高空作业车的个人或单位，个人或者单位也可能是一个贸易商，拥有者，出租人，租户和操作者C操作者控制高空作业车运动的有经验的人D有经验的人熟练的完成预定的操作和解决危险的有熟知高空作业车知识，经验和培训的人E改进改变一台高空作业车，在某种方式下这样会影响高空作业车的操作，平衡，安全因素和许用载荷或者安全性F高空操作在较高的操作点接应那些在较低的控制点的人的高空作业车操作功能控制操作培训和再培训A一般的1一个安全部门授权培训的人将会执行培训，被授权的人包括：安全代表，一个工程监理，或者供应商代表。2培训包括“教室”讲解和技能测试，即高空作业车的实际操作。3操作者将会在相同型号的高空作业车上接受培训，或者一个和实际工作场地期间使用的高空作业车有相同操作特征的作业车。4为了证实实际操作高空作业车的熟练程度和知识，要注意一点是要保证这种操作区域有最小的障碍且容易进行培训，只有经过合理的培训和被授权的人才允许操作高空作业车。B在技能测试期间授权操作高空作业车。在允许一个雇佣工人操作高空作业车执行技能测试任务时，他必须被授权这样做。授权标准包括：a被一个有资格的人进行关于计划的任务和每一个控制的功能的指导；b通过一场笔试证实对厂家的操作说明，用户的安全规则的理解。C培训1培训至少包括如下几点：A“教室”培训1使用手册的功能和使用2怎样进行开机前的检测3和影响高空作业车操作的问题或故障相关的责任4影响高空作业车稳定的因素5标语和图画的功能6怎样进行工作场地检查7安全规则和章程B授权操作C预习操作者警告和说明D在有资格的人的指导下实际操作高空作业车，为了证实实际操作高空作业车的熟练程度，被培训者将有充足的时间操作高空作业车D培训证明文件1培训证据要由培训单位提供，公司，租赁公司或者任何第三组织提供培训2记录将包含以下信息a提供培训和再培训单位的名称b培训者的名字c关于培训内容包含自动提升高空作业车的明确证明d培训时间3证明文件将包括：a操作者的操作测试b笔试c声明操作者身份证是合法的d当操作高空作业车时，操作者的身份证件将总是随身携带4一份包括操作者姓名和社会安全系数的记录将会发送到安全部门作为进入安全培训跟踪系统的数字E再培训1每一个雇佣工人接受再培训是必要的，目的是要雇佣工人维持通过培训所获得的理解和知识2培训每年进行一次要求和规则A除非厂家或其他相当的单位，像ANSI，以书面形式同意这种改进和授予专业合格证书，使用超过厂家计划以外的“商业改进”是严厉禁止的。B每当高空作业车被使用的那天，一个有资格的人必须用肉眼检查高空作业车C开机前的检查，在每天使用高空作业车之前或者每当开始工作时，高空作业车都要进行一次肉眼的检查和功能测试。功能测试至少包括如下内容, 在使用高空作业车之前，任何影响高空作业车安全操作的问题或者故障都要被维修。1操作和紧急控制2安全设备3人员保护设备，包括下落保护4气体，液压，和燃料系统泄漏5电线和线路保护带6松动或者丢失的零件7轮胎和车轮8标语牌，警告，控制标志，操作手册9外部控制，稳定设备，可伸缩机械臂和其他设备10保护杠系统11厂家明确规定的条款D在检查前必须填写检查报告E检查报告将送给操作者的监管人F工作场地检查在使用高空作业车之前或者过程中，操作者将要检查高空作业车被使用的区域是否存在可能的危险，这种危险不仅仅包括以下内容：1漏洞或者孔2斜坡3碰撞和车间底板的障碍4垃圾5头顶障碍物和触电的危险6危险的位置7能够承担加在其上载荷的不充分的表面8风和天气状况9其他可能的不安全因素G在每天提升之前作业平台每次提升之前，操作者要保证：1舷外支撑，稳定装置，可伸缩机械臂，或者其他按照厂家爱要求使用的提高稳定性的方式2按照厂家的说明书安装保护杠且入口和开口要关闭3作用在作业平台上的载荷及其分力和任何作业平台的抬升高度要与厂家对具体的结构计算许可量相一致4正对将要进行的工作和环境，在高空作业车平台上的人员要有合适的安全距离H在每次高空作业车开始使用时，要进行测试，目的是确保刹车和操作系统工作正常，在进入作业之前，检测要从下部的控制器开始I雇佣攻不可以使用任何的与后面相违背的高空提升车，噪声高于周围声音的控制信号次序颠倒的机械臂的高空作业车或者除非当观察者示意这样做是安全的，高空作业车才需要维修。J只有被授权的人才可以操作高空作业车K为了确定提升控制器是否正常工作，每天高空作业车被使用之前，要检测提升控制器L当在高空作业车上工作时，不要将安全带系在邻近的支柱，结构，或者设备上M操作者要稳稳地站在篮式工作台的底板上N操作者不可以坐在或者爬到篮式工作台的边缘O操作者不要使用木板，梯子，或者其他器械来抬升工作位置P正如S。O。P。3O下落危险管理，节（X）（A）（1）所述，要穿上安全带并且双腿要固定在篮式工作台上Q不要超过厂家明确规定的抬升高度和工作负载R当达到工作高度时，工作台要停止S当使用舷外撑杆时，它们将要被放置在护垫和坚硬的表面上T在超过厂家规定的高空作业车的工作水平，斜坡，和坡道时，高空作业车不可以操作U在使用高空作业车之前车胎要适当的充气，确保他们被安全的安装V计算高空作业车的提升高度和伸缩长度的计算包括上部和下部控制器，主要是设计人员输送机，上部控制器在高空作业车平台上或者旁边，操作者很容易碰到，下部控制器为上部控制器提供最重要的条件W控制器要清晰的标注他们的功能，如果由于喷涂操作而覆盖，或者通过其他方式的损伤，磨损，图表难以辨认，他们必须被替换X除非得到了高空作业车上的雇佣工人的许可，才可以操作低端的控制器，紧急情况除外Y缠绕注意防止绳子，电线和塑料管等缠到高空作业车上Z在降低作业平台之前，操作者要保证高空作业车周围的区域没有人或者设备。Work platformMILLSOM has added the Aerial Work Platform to its current range.Models are available for single and two-person operation and provide a compact lifting mechanism, suit-able for tight comers within a workplace. Platform is available for both single and two-person operation. The platform size is 630mm x 640mm for the single person model and 1200mm x 600mm for the two person model. Once the job is done, the work platform folds down to 1360mm x 840mm x 2120mm and 1420mm x 840mm x 2120mm, respectively- The work platform also has a lifting height of 8,000mm and 10,000mm, a 0.75kW motor and a safe working load of 125kg (single person platform) or 300kg (double person platform). Millsom Hoists 1800 992 211. JLG to Give Away Aerial Work Platform to mark National Safety Month, JLG Industries Inc. is holding a contest at during the month of June to award a LiftPod portable aerial work platform to one winner. The contest is free and open to any worker or manager who uses a ladder or elevated work plat- form for jobs performed at heights. The website will also feature JLGs market research on safety preferences in the workplace, which the company devel- oped prior to its U.S. launch of the LiftPod. The LiftPod was designed as a replacement for the ladder, provid-ing workers with a 14-ft working height, the ability to work with both hands, and the convenience of opera- tion using a common 18 V drill or optional ptiwer pack. The contest runs through June 30.Oil Sands Safety Association (OSSA) Aerial Work Platform Safety Training Standard AWP2005 18 1.0 PURPOSE The purpose of this Standard i s to clearly establish the minimum acceptable content for Aerial Work Platform training programs provided by Training Providers who have received Accreditation Status from the Oil Sands Safety Association (OSSA). This Standard is intended for end-users (workers required to use) of Aerial Work Platforms. For all definitions referencing this Standard, see Appendix I. Exceptions to this Standard must be approved by the Board of Directors of the OSSA. 1.1 Disclaimer The information in this publication is solely for general illustration and instructional purposes and does not, in any way, create a business or professional services relationship between the OSSA Members and Employees and the Training Providers, Instructors, Contract Instructors, employees trained by Accredited Training Providers, or any other Organization. This Standard will not apply to every circumstance. This Standard is not (and is not intended to be) a definitive guide to the OH&S Act or the acompanying regulations and regardless of the Standard set out herein, each reader and user is solely responsible for their own compliance with all applicable Legislation, including the OH&S Act. The OSSA assumes no obligation to update the Standard set out herein or advise on further developments concerning the topics mentioned herein. The occupational health, safety and training of Organizatiocns and their respective employees in the workplace remain the responsibility of each employer and employee. The OSSA and its employees, agents and contractors, and the Members of the OSSA (collectively the “OSSA Members and Employees”), as well as any Organization (or member thereof) who accepts or acknowledges this Standard, are not responsible for the contents of this Standard, for any errors or omissions herein, or for the results obtained from the use of the information contained in this Standard or for any training or safety programs that may be developed from the use of the information in this Standard. Each Training Provider is completely responsible for its own training programs, whether or not they are Training Programs approved by the OSSA. All information set out in this Standard is provided “as is”, with no guarantee of completeness, accuracy, timeliness or of the results obtained from the use of this Standard. There is no warranty of any kind, express or implied, including, without limitation, warranties of performance, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will the OSSA Members and Employees, or any Organization (or member thereof) who accepts or acknowledges this Standard, be liable to the reader, user or anyone else for any decision made or action taken in reliance on the information in this Standard or for any consequential, special, or similar damages (including, without limitation, personal injury), even if advised of the possibility of such damages, arising or resulting from the information contained in this Standard or for any violation by such user, reader or other person of any Legislation. Certain words, phrases, names, designs or logos used in this Standard may constitute trademarks, service marks or trade names of the OSSA and its Member Organizations. The display of any such marks or names in this Standard does not imply that a license has been granted by the OSSA or any of its Members to use such marks or names. AERIAL WORK PLATFORM STANDARD 1.2 Introduction This Aerial Work Platform Safety Training Standard has been established to guide Training Providers with direction on minimum content requirements to meet the needs of the OSSA Member companies. The delivery of the content and the completion of the proficiency testing will typically take eight (8) hours, based on any or all of the following: * The number of participants; * The number of instructors completing the assessments; * The number of Aerial Work Platform machines available for testing. It should be noted that the training required to meet this Standard focuses on the needs of the “end-user”. Additional training may be required for supervisors and engineers to reflect their responsibilities for this critical safety work. This is the minimum standard that must be met in order to receive Accreditation as an Aerial Work Platform Training Provider from the OSSA. 1.3 Scope End-users (workers) required to utilize self propelled elevating work platforms must be trained and competent in their proper use, care and maintenance. The purpose of the OSSA Aerial Work Platform Standard is to ensure that those workers demonstrate a basic level of knowledge and proficiency in Aerial Work Platform equipment use and theory. Subject to the previous sentences, all programs submitted for Accreditation must, at a minimum, meet the requirements specified in each section of this Standard. 2.0 AERIAL WORK PLATFORM BASICS2.1 Legislation and Standards 1) Overview of Alberta OH&S Act, Regulations & Code requirements for Aerial Work Platforms. 2) Development of training material or instruction must use, at a minimum, but not be limited to, as references, the following: a) CSA B354.1-04 Portable Elevating Work Platform b) CSA 354.4-02 Self Propelled Boom Supported Elevating Work Platforms c) CSA 354.2-01 Self Propelled Elevating Work Platform d) ANSI A92.6-1999 Self Propelled Elevating Work Platform e) ANSI A92.5-2006 Boom-Supported Elevating Work Platform NOTE: If any of the above regulations are revised, the new revised versions must be utilized. 3.0 AERIAL WORK PLATFORM TYPES Participants must be able to: 1) Identify the operating and technical differences； 2) Demonstrate the ability to choose the appropriate machine from examples developed, so as to demonstrate the participants understanding of the different machines for the following equipment: a) Push Around Units. b) Slab type scissor lifts. c) Rough terrain or off slab scissors. d) Straight telescopic boom lifts. e) Articulating boom lifts. 4.0 AERIAL WORK PLATFORM SYSTEM COMPONENTS 1) The training program must contain the following content and participants must discuss each system component using the following guide: a) Overview. b) Definitions appropriate to specific components. c) Purposes of the component. d) Pre-use/pre-operational inspection, unit visual inspection, care and maintenance. NOTE: Pre-use/pre-operational inspection must be taught as a critical item and shown as a component of the instructors aids as well as clearly stated in both the Instructors notes and Participants manuals. e) All hazards associated with any component must also be discussed and participants must be able to describe processes of identifying and controlling those hazards. E.g. (Pneumatic vs. Foam filled tires) 2) Components: a) Anchorages. b) Connecting Components. c) Controllers (various types). d) Wheels, tires, axles, including oscillating axles. e) Cylinders. f) Fuel Systems. g) Engines (gas, diesel, propane and electric). h) Boom/scissor components including jibs and risers. i) Basket/platforms. j) Safety Devices (e.g. Tilt alarms/switches and limit switches/Emergency Controls, positive air shutoff). k) Envelope Management System. l) Stabilizers/outriggers. m) Motion alarms. n) Jacking systems. o) Extendable axles. p) The appropriate fall protection system. q) Optional equipment. NOTE: The above list is for reference only and is not meant to limit the course content. 5.0 PROFICIENCY TESTING Although described under each of the previous sections of the Standard, it is important that the following practical and knowledge evaluation/test topics are covered as outlined in 5.1, 5.2 and/or 5.3 to ensure that participants are proficient in this Standard upon completion of the Aerial Work Platform training program. During the proficiency testing, the participant may be given the opportunity to demonstrate proficiency on an Aerial Work Platform under 80 feet (25 meters) and/or on an Aerial WorkPlatform above 80 feet (25 meters). The minimum requirement to receive an Aerial Work Platform training credential is successful completion of a proficiency test on Aerial Work Platforms under 80 feet (25 meters). Testing on Aerial Work Platforms above 80 feet (25 meters) is optional. Any participant successfully completing the above 80 feet (25 meters) Aerial Work Platformproficiency test will also be accredited for the under 80 feet (25 meters) Aerial Work Platform. 5.1 Knowledge Evaluation The participant must demonstrate knowledge and proficiency by individually answering questions on the following topics: 1) Legislative requirements applies to Aerial Work Platforms. 2) Employer and worker responsibilities. 3) The familiarization process with equipment. (CSA B354.4-02, ANSI A92.6-1999 7.7) 4) The importance of communication including ensuring that operators have the ability to communicate the pre-job planning, and reporting of deficiencies. 5) Load limitations and calculations. 6) Safety Devices where to find them, what they do, what checks to make, etc. 7) Hazards ground, power lines, etc. 8) Components as listed in 4.0 (2) - their uses, limitations. 9) Systems. (mechanical, electrical, hydraulic). 10) Minimum Safe Approach Distance. (MSAD) 11) Emergency Controls. 12) Path of travel. 13) Entanglement. 14) Trapped with the equipment. (as per 2.4(8) a) Fall Protection requirements as per machine type and OH&S Code. b) Difference between fall arrest and travel restraint. 16) Manufacturers Operating Manual. 17) Pre-use checklist. 18) Types of lifts. 19) Equipment Limitations. 20) Weather Considerations. 5.2 Practical Test for Machines Under 80 feet (25 meters) The participant must successfully demonstrate proficiency on the machine as specified in section 1.5.5 of this Standard for the following: 1) Required pre-use walk around inspection and the reporting of deficiencies. 2) Locating and reviewing the operators manual for the specific machine manufacturers recommended pre-operational tests they are to perform. 3) Required pre-operational check and the reporting of deficiencies. 4) Participate in the path of travel inspection. 5) Demonstrate the knowledge of where to find and check the machine rated capacities. 6) Demonstrate a proper operational control of: a) Swing. b) Lift to full reach height/lower. c) Telescope in/out. d) Drive forward/reverse. e) Steer left/right. f) Platform rotation. g) Platform leveling. h) Emergency descent ground and platform. i) Upper/lower controls. j) Safety Device inspection including but not limited to, tilt sensor alarms, pothole protection systems, etc. k) Demonstrate the identification of hazards in the path of travel. l) Demonstrate the proper use of the appropriate fall protection system. m) Proper operation or riser or tower. n) Proper operation of jib. 5.3 Practical Test for Machines Over 80 feet (25 meters) The participant must successfully demonstrate proficiency on an Aerial Work Platform above 80 feet (25 meters) and will include all criteria in 5.1 & 5.2 as well as the functional checks for the following: a) The purpose and proper use of extendable axles. b) The functions and purpose of Envelope Management Systems. c) How the additional height is affected by various ground conditions. d) The effects of the additional height (fear of heights) on the operator which may result in creating errors in judgment or personal emergencies. 5.4 Training Credential Participants will be given a credential card that indicates they have successfully completed the OSSA Accredited Aerial Work Platform training program. The credential card must also identify the level of proficiency for under 80 feet (25 meters) and/or over 80 feet (25 meters). Any participant successfully completing the above 80 feet (25 meters) Aerial Work Platform proficiency test will also be accredited for the under 80 feet (25 meters) Aerial Work Platform. At this time Training Provider may inform all participants that they are accepting responsibility for the knowledge and skills passed on to them during the training. 5.5 Records Retention Training records must be retained by the training provider for no less than 4 years from date of qualification (ANSI requirement) 6.0 RE-CERTIFICATION PROCESS6.1 Proficiency Timeline Certification for Aerial Work Platform training is valid for a period of not longer than three years from the initial certification date. 6.2 Re-certification Process The re-certification process must include the following: Review of any major changes to critical topics of Aerial Work Platforms, including but not limited to, the following: a) Changes to Aerial Work Platform theory. b) Changes to practices. c) Changes to Legislation or Standards. d) Changes to all components. e) Load calculations. f) Changes to PPE. g) Proficiency testing as per section 5.1 and 5.2 and or 5.3. Should a participant not successfully pass the re-certification proficiency tests (both theory & practical), they will be required to take an OSSA Accredited Aerial Work Platform training program. The OSSA will continue to review the material every three years in accordance with its principle (reviewing each safety training standard every three years) and also review the need for re-certification at that time. 7.0 APPENDIX I - DEFINITIONS1. “Accreditation” or “Accredited” means authorization, in writing, from the OSSA that a Training Providers Program meets the minimum requirements of a particular Safety Training Standard. Accreditation may be withdrawn by the OSSA at any time. In order to be a Safety Training Provider of a Standard, an Organizations Accreditation status must be current. 2. “Aerial Work Platform” means becoming knowledgeable and proficient in the subject areas set out in section 5.1 of this Standard. 3. “Aerial Work Platform Safety Training Standard” or “Standard(s)” means the minimum training standards set out in OSSA document AWP2003-01, as amended by the OSSA from time to time. 4. “Anchor” means a secure point of attachment. 5. “Board of Directors” means the Owners of the OSSA that provide, in writing, endorsement for initial documents and approval for any revisions or exceptions to a Safety Training Standard and/or Regional Code of Practice. 6. “Connecting Components” means pins, bushings, bolted systems. 7. “Contract Instructor” means an individual or organization, independent of an Accredited Training provider, that has completed a “Train-the Trainer” program with an Accredited Training Provider, signed all legal agreements, and has otherwise met the requirements set out in this Standard. 8. “Controllers” means functional joysticks or activation switches. 9. “Cylinders” include hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders. 10. “Emergency Controls” means any system such as valves, electric motors, pumps etc, designed in such a way that they may be used in an emergency to lower the basket or platform. 11. “Engines” include internal combustion or electric engines. 12. “Entanglement” means rope, electric cords, hoses, and foreign objects that can become entangled in the Aerial Work Platform. 13. “Envelope Management Systems” means any automated system designed to limit the movement of the Aerial Work Platform componentry. 14. “Familiar” means information regarding the control functions and Safety Devices for the aerial platform(s) which is (are) to be operated by a qualified person. 15. “Foam Filled” means a process used to replace the air in tires with a compound which solidifies inside the tire to eliminate punctures and to add weight. 16. “Fuel Systems” include gasoline, diesel, propane or electric fuel systems or a combination of the same. 17. “Full Body Harness” means a body support device consisting of connected straps designed to distribute a fall arresting force over at least the thighs, shoulders and pelvis, with provision for attaching a Lanyard, lifeline or other components. 18. “Instructors” means individuals that are employees of the Accredited Training Provider and are providing training under an Accredited Training program. 19. “Lanyard” means a flexible line of webbing or synthetic or wire rope that is used to secure a Full Body Harness or safety belt to a lifeline or Anchor. 20. “MSAD” means minimum safe approach distance. Aerial Work PlatformsJoe MillerSafety and Loss Control ManagerNothing has changed the way construction workers perform their work at elevation in the past twenty years more than the proliferation of the use of aerial work platforms, a term that includes aerial, boom, and scissor lifts. This equipment, if used correctly, provides quick and safe access to work areas that at one time could only be reached from scaffolding, ladders, or a cranes manbasket. Many workers cant imagine working without them. The most important tip to remember before operating any aerial lift platform is to always read and follow the manufacturers safety and operation manual. OR-OSHA rules require that the manual be kept on the lift, and it can often be found in a PVC tube attached to the machines frame or rails. There are some questions that come up routinely about the safe and proper use of this equipment: Am I required to have an operators card or certification showing that I have been trained in the proper use of the equipment? Unlike forklift operator training, OSHA rules do not require a card or certification that operators of aerial or scissor lifts have been trained. That does not mean that they do need to be trained, however. As with any equipment, only trained and authorized employees are allowed to operate them. Additionally, many general contractors do require that the operator have a card or certification confirming that they are trained, and that training should include: 1. Nature of electrical, fall, and other hazards involved in operating lifts 2. Precautions for dealing with hazards 3. Rated load capacity for the lift (including worker, tools, materials, etc.) 4. Manufacturer requirements, as outlined in operator manual 5. Demonstration of skill and knowledge in actual operation of the aerial lift Am I required to tie off while working out of an aerial or boom lift? Yes. This is to protect the operator from being catapulted out of the lift if it is struck by another vehicle or piece of equipment or it encounters a hole or obstruction while being moved. Am I allowed to tie off to a structure outside of an aerial or boom lift? No. OSHA rules specifically prohibit this practice. Am I required to tie off while working out of a scissor lift? No. The manufacturer provides scissor lifts with standard guardrails that afford adequate fall protection. Am I allowed to tie off to a structure outside of a scissor lift? OSHA rules do not specifically prohibit this. Before allowing this practice however, a qualified person would need to evaluate all potential issues/hazards, the applicable standards, the equipment provided, and the extent of employee training, and adjust any part according to the requirements of the situation. Am I allowed to stand on the guardrails or lay a plank across the guardrails as a platform, or use a stepladder, while working out of a scissor lift? No. Manufacturers operating instructions require that the operator stand on the floor while working out of a scissor lift. This becomes problematic at times because overhead obstructions prevent the lift from getting into position where the work can be reached from the floor. Under these circumstances, a qualified person should make an evaluation to determine the most appropriate way to provide access to the work area. Am I allowed to use an aerial or scissor lift to gain access to a roof, floor, or other work platform? A worker may enter or exit an aerial lift provided that fall protection such as guardrails or a fall arrest system is used while the worker moves between the lift and the working surface. During entry to and egress from the lift, a worker may tie-off to the lift (if the lift is designed to withstand the vertical and lateral loads imposed by the employees movement or by an arrested fall) or to an appropriate nearby structure. This means that absent an entirely guard-railed landing area, an employee would have to wear a 100 percent tie-off lanyard (two legs), tie off to the structure before exiting the lift, and then disconnect from the lift. Other considerations while operating aerial work platforms include: * Watch for overhead obstruction and overhead power lines * Cover or fill in floor holes or openings with material strong enough to withstand the loads imposed on them * Make sure the floor area around the lift is free of debris, tools, or equipment that would provide an obstruction or potential tip-over hazard * Do not use the lift to push obstructions out of the way * Install bumper rails on the perimeter of large floor openings to prevent the lift from driving over the edge * Be aware that an extension cord tied to the guardrails of a lift could cause the lift to overturn if it gets caught up during movement * Never move the lift when it is elevated above the limit the manufacturer specifies * Determine the manufacturers rated load capacities and do not exceed them * Always close entry doors or chains when in the lift * Do not use a stepladder or drywall bucket in a lift to gain additional height Used correctly, aerial work platforms can be priceless, timesaving assets. Operate them without regard to their limitations, and this same equipment will put you and those around.Aerial Work Platforms Review Date: 10/01 Approved by: STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Scope and Purpose II. Related Procedures and Resources III. Personnel Responsibility IV. Definitions V. Operating Training And Re-Training VI. Requirements And Rules I. SCOPE AND PURPOSE A. The purpose of this Aerial Work Platform S.O.P. is to provide procedures for their safe operation. B. Procedures include training and certification of operators, general and specific use requirements, rules, inspection and maintenance. II. RELATED PROCEDURES AND RESOURCES A. S.O.P. 3O, Fall Hazard Management B. Fall Protection Field Training Module C. Aerial Work Platform Operator Training Module D. ANSI/SIA A92.6-1990 III. PERSONNEL RESPONSIBILITY A. Supervisor Responsibilities 1. Designate operators. No employee shall be allowed to operate an aerial lift without proper training, documentation of training and authorization. 2. Ensure that all operators have been properly trained in the following: a. All company policies and procedures. b. All client requirements. c. All applicable manufacturer instructions for use and maintenance. d. All applicable federal, state and local guidelines. 3. Consider the following when selecting an aerial platform: a. Hazardous vs. non-hazardous locations. b. Available working space (maneuverability). c. Boom length needed to reach work area. 4. Maintain the following documents onsite: a. Operator Training b. Inspection Reports c. Repairs made to Aerial Platform(s). 5. Remove Aerial Platform from service that is found to be in need of repair, defective, or in any way unsafe. Remove keys and secure a red “STOP DO NOT USE” tag to the control panel. 6. Only use parts equivalent to original design when making replacements. B. Operator Responsibilities 1. Following good safety practices is the responsibility of the operator. The operators safety as well as the safety of other personnel in the lift and the surrounding work area is dependent on the decision the operator makes. 2. Operators shall comply with the companys policies and procedures. 3. The operators I.D. card shall be in the operators possession at all times when operating an aerial platform. 4. The operator shall ensure the operating and maintenance manuals are stored in a weather resistant storage compartment on the aerial lift. IV DEFINITIONSA. Aerial lifts (Also referred to as Aerial platforms) - a mobile device that has an adjustable position platform, supported from ground level by a structure. Include the following types of vehicle-mounted aerial devices used to elevate personnel to job-sites above the ground. 1. Extensible boom platforms 2. Aerial ladders 3. Articulating boom platforms 4. Vertical towers B. User - A person or entity who has care, control and custody of the aerial platform. This person or entity may also be a dealer, owner, lessor, lessee, or operator. C. Operator - A qualified person who controls the movement of an aerial platform. D. Qualified person - A person who by reason of knowledge, experience or training, is familiar with the operation to be performed and the hazards involved. E. Modification - To make changes to an aerial platform, which affects the operation, stability, safety factor, rated load, or safety of the aerial platform in any way. F. Override - To take over aerial platform movement control functions at the upper control station by those at the lower control station. V. OPERATOR TRAINING AND RE-TRAINING A. General 1. A qualified person(s) who is authorized by the safety department to train shall conduct training. Authorized persons may include, a Safety Representative, a Site Superintendent, or a Supplier Representative. 2. Training shall consist of “classroom” instruction and skill tests, i.e., actual operation of the aerial lift. 3. Operators shall be trained on the same model of aerial lift or one having operating characteristics consistent with the one to be used during actual work site operation. 4. The trainee shall operate the aerial lift for a sufficient period of time to demonstrate proficiency and knowledge in the actual operation of the aerial lift. Care shall be taken to ensure the area of such operation has a minimum of obstacles and is conducive to training. Only properly trained and authorized personnel shall be permitted to operate the aerial lift. B. Authorization to Operate Aerial Platform During Skill Tests 1. Before allowing an employee to operate an aerial platform for skill test purposes, he must be authorized to do so. Criteria to be met for authorization, include: a. Have been instructed by a qualified person on the intended purpose and function of each of the controls. b. Demonstrate an understanding of the manufacturers operation instructions and users safety rules, by passing a written exam. c. Demonstrate an understanding of the meaning of all decals, warnings, and instructions displayed on the aerial lift. C. Training 1. Training shall, at a minimum, include the following: a. “Classroom” Training 1. The purpose and use of manuals. 2. How to perform a pre-start inspection. 3. The responsibilities associated with problems or malfunctions affecting the operation of the aerial platform. 4. The factors that affect the stability of the aerial platform. 5. The purpose of placards and decals. 6. How to perform a workplace inspection. 7. Safety rules and regulations. b. Authorization to operate. c. Review of operator warnings and instruction. d. Actual operation of the aerial lift, under the direction of a qualified person, the trainee shall operate the lift for a sufficient period of time to demonstrate proficiency in the actual operation of the aerial platform. D. Training Documentation 1. Proof of training shall be provided by the training entity (the “company”, rental company, or any other third party that provides training). 2. Records shall contain the following information a. Name of the entity providing training or retraining. b. Name of trainer(s) c. Clear identification that training covered Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms. d. Date of training. 3. Documentation shall consist of: a. Operator performance test. b. Written test c. Issuance of operators ID card is mandatory. d. Operators ID card will be filled out and carried at all times when operating an aerial platform. 4. A copy of operator records including name and social security number shall be sent to the Safety Department for data entry into safety training tracking system E. Re-Training 1. Retraining shall be provided for each employee as necessary so that the employee maintains the understanding and knowledge acquired through training. 2. Re-training shall be conducted at least annually. VI. REQUIREMENTS AND RULES A. “Field modifications” for uses other than intended by the manufacturer are STRICTLY PROHIBITED, unless the manufacturer or other equivalent entity, such as ANSI, has agreed to the modification and certified as such, in writing. B. A “qualified person” must conduct a visual inspection of the aerial lift each day the equipment is used. C. Pre-start Inspection - Before use each day or at the beginning of each shift, the aerial platform shall be given a visual inspection and functional te
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