专题五 动词和动词短语.doc

专题五动词和动词短语动词辨析2012年高考题组1.If she doesnt want to go,nothing you can say will her.(2012新课标全国,35) A.persuadeB.promiseC.inviteD.support剖析:A考查动词辨析。persuade“劝服;说服”,promise“答应,许诺”,invite“邀请”,support“支持”。根据句意“如果她不想去,你说什么都不会她。”可知选A。2.According to scientists,our mental abilities begin to from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.(2012浙江,12)A.differB.shrinkC.failD.decline剖析:D考查动词词义辨析。从句意“科学家认为,我们的智力情况22岁达到顶峰,从27岁开始下降”看,几个动词中只有decline“下降;降低”合适。shrink也可指“收缩/下降”,但往往强调某种实物而不指能力;此处无比较内容故differ不合适;fail“失败”,不合语境。所以选D。3.Parents and children should communicate more to the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.(2012天津,13)A.openB.narrowC.widenD.leave剖析:B“narrow the gap”意为“缩小差距”,narrow此处是动词。句意:父母和子女应该多多沟通以缩小差距从而更好地理解对方。4.We were all agreed that the cottage would a perfect holiday home for the family.(2012江西,30)A.makeB.turnC.takeD.have剖析:A考查动词的辨析。句意:我们都认为这个村舍将会是这个家庭完美的度假地点。make成为;turn转向;take花费;have有。由句意可知,A项正确。5.Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to our schools campaign“Help the Needy”,which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.(2012湖北,21)A.sponsorB.launchC.organizeD.plan剖析:A考查动词辨析。句意:两位律师捐赠了5万美元赞助我们学校的“帮助贫困者”项目。该项目是我们的前任校长3年前发起的。sponsor赞助,符合句意。launch发起;organize组织;plan计划,均不符合句意,所以选择A项。6.Finally,my thanks go to my tutor,who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and every page of my draft.(2012湖北,22)A.approvedB.quotedC.polishedD.folded剖析:C考查动词辨析。句意:最后,感谢我的导师,他为我的论文提供了大量的建议,作出了很多的评论,润饰了我的草稿的每一页。approved同意,赞成;quoted引用;polished润色,使完美;folded折叠,只有C项符合句意。20112010年高考题组7.William found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginning to .(2011新课标全国,34) A.disappearB.fallC.failD.damage剖析:C句意:威廉发现阅读越来越困难了,因为他的视力开始减弱。fail身体器官失灵,出毛病,符合句意。disappear消失,不见;fall多指水平、数量或价格下降、减少、降低;damage为及物动词,使受到损害。8.Are you still mad at her?Not really,but I cant that her remarks hurt me.(2011江苏,28)A.denyB.refuseC.rejectD.decline剖析:A考查动词辨析。deny否认;refuse拒绝;reject拒绝接受;decline婉拒,下降。结合句意和词义选A。后半句句意:我不否认她的话伤害了我。9.I a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.(2011天津,6)A.borrowedB.openedC.enteredD.ordered剖析:B考查动词辨析。句中主要考查哪一个动词可以与a bank account搭配。据后边所说在本人通过打零工挣得1 000美元后,应推断出是在银行“开”了一个账户。open开立,开设;enter进入。故选B项。10.You are old enough to your own living.(2011辽宁,24)A.winB.gainC.takeD.earn剖析:Dearn ones living谋生,等同于make ones living。11.Id prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence.(2011福建,28)A.showB.expressC.passD.reserve剖析:D句意:我宁愿保留我的判断直到找到所有的证据。reserve my judgement保留我的判断,符合语境。 作为动词reserve还有“预订(房间、座位等)”之意;另外作名词nature reserve指“自然保护区”。12.The minister said,“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties,but well never with criminals.”(2011湖北,27)A.negotiateB.quarrelC.argueD.consult剖析:A考查动词辨析。negotiate with sb.与某人谈判/协商;quarrel/argue with sb.与某人争吵/争论;consult咨询。句意:这位大臣说,我们随时准备与任何合法政党进行讨论,但决不与罪犯谈判。13.The workers the glasses and marked on each box“This Side Up”.(2010新课标全国,22) A.carriedB.deliveredC.pressedD.packed剖析:Dpacked the glasses意为“把杯子装箱”,选D项符合题意。carry“随身带着,扛着”;deliver“运送”;press“压,挤”。14.Your house is always so neathow do you it with three children?(2010山东,31)A.manageB.serveC.adaptD.construct剖析:A句意:你的房子总是那么整洁有三个孩子你是怎么做到这一点的?manage与it搭配,意为“成功地做到”,符合句意。serve“服务,服役”;adapt“适应”;construct“建筑,建造”。15.He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London.(2010天津,1)A.orderB.arrangeC.takeD.book剖析:D句意:他打电话给旅行社预订了三张去伦敦的机票。order订购,常指订饭,订货;arrange安排;take买下;book预订,常指订票、座等。16.Parents much importance to education.They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.(2010江西,25)A.attachB.payC.linkD.apply剖析:A考查动词辨析。attach importance to.为固定搭配,意为“重视”,其他三项均无此用法。句意:家长非常重视教育。他们会尽全力给他们的孩子那份无价的礼物。动词短语辨析2012年高考题组17.Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can almost every word her teacher says.(2012新课标全国,27)A.put outB.put downC.put awayD.put together剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。put out“扑灭,熄灭”;put down“写下,记下”;put away“收起,将放回原处”;put together“拼凑在一起;组装”。根据句意“Mary确实擅长当堂记笔记,她几乎能记下老师说的每句话”。故选B。18.The athletes years of hard training when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.(2012安徽,28)A.went onB.got throughC.paid offD.ended up剖析:C考查动词短语辨析。句意:当她获得奥运金牌时,多年的艰苦训练终于有了回报。went on“持续”、“继续”; got through“结束”、“通过”; paid off“付清”、“回报”;ended up“以结束”。故选C。19.Armed with the information you have gathered,you can preparing your business plan.(2012浙江,15)A.set outB.set aboutC.set offD.set up剖析:B考查动词短语。句意:有你收集的信息为底,你可以着手准备你的贸易计划了。set out“出发;开始”,后跟to do sth.,可排除。set off“出发,动身,引爆”,后也跟to do sth.而不跟v.-ing,排除。set up“建立;装配”,与句意不符,排除。只有set about“着手;开始;出发”,后跟v.-ing,所以选B。20.Rod loves clocks.However,he never manages to put them together again.(2012辽宁,26)A.taking apartB.giving awayC.making upD.turning off剖析:A句意:Rod喜欢拆卸钟表,但他从没有成功地把它们再装起来。take apart拆开,拆卸;give away泄露;make up组成,化妆,和好,编造;turn off关上,由句意可知A项正确。21.You had better some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.(2012福建,29)A.set asideB.take upC.put awayD.give out剖析:Aset aside 留出(一定的时间或金钱);take up开始从事;占据(时间、空间);put away收好,放归原处;give out分发,释放(光、热、电等)。句意:你最好每天留一些时间参加体育运动,这样就可以使自己充满活力。22.He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead,because the air-conditioning system .(2012陕西,19)A.broke inB.broke upC.broke outD.broke down剖析:D考查动词短语。句意:他得不时停下来擦擦额头的汗,因为空调系统出故障了。break in“非法侵入”; break up“分离;解散;结业”; break out “爆发;突然发生 ”;break down“失败;出故障;(健康等)垮掉,崩溃”。23.Ive the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.(2012江西,24)A.come intoB.gone intoC.got intoD.run into剖析:C考查动词短语的辨析。句意:我养成了在放学回家的路上去看望爷爷奶奶的习惯。get into养成(习惯),染上(毛病);come into进来;go into进入;run into撞到身上。24.Its surprising that your brother Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.(2012四川,20)A.picked upB.looked upC.put upD.made up剖析:A考查动词短语辨析。句意:你的弟弟这么快就学会了俄语真是令人惊讶他住在那里的时间还不长啊。pick up 无意中学会某种语言或技能,符合句意。look up查找;put up 搭建;make up组成,均不符合句意。25.Walking alone in the dark,the boy whistled to his courage.(2012湖北,23)A.hold upB.keep upC.set upD.take up剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:独自在黑暗中行走,男孩吹起口哨以壮胆。hold up举起;keep up保持,继续;set up搭建,创立;take up占据,从事,只有B项符合句意。26.Im so glad youve come here to this matter in person.(2012湖北,24)A.lead toB.see toC.turn toD.refer to剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:很高兴你能亲自来这里处理这件事。lead to通向,导致;see to负责,注意,处理;turn to转向,求助于;refer to查阅,提及,指的是,只有B项符合句意。 以上动词短语中的to都为介词,注意与不定式to的区别。解答词汇或短语辨析类题目时,要先理清句子含意,再确定恰当的选项。27.We to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.(2012全国,12)A.set aboutB.set upC.set outD.set down剖析:C考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们那天开始粉刷房子,但只完成前面的那一部分。set about doing sth.=set out to do sth.“着手做某事;开始做某事”;set up“建立;创立”;set down“放下;记下”。20112010年高考题组28.I can the house being untidy,but I hate it if its not clean.(2011新课标全国,26)A.come up withB.put up withC.turn toD.stick to剖析:B句意:我可以忍受房子不整洁,但我讨厌房子不干净。put up with忍受,符合句意。come up with想出,提出;turn to转向,求助于;stick to坚持下去,继续做下去。 come up with用人作主语,表示某人想出、提出一个主意;come up则表示某个建议、想法被提到,被讨论,被考虑,用物作主语。如:A lot of new questions came up at the meeting.在此次会议上,有许多新问题被提了出来。29.They are broadening the bridge to the flow of traffic.(2011山东,25)A.put offB.speed upC.turn onD.work out剖析:B考查动词短语辨析。句意:他们正拓宽桥面以加速交通流动。put off推迟;speed up加速;turn on打开;work out计算出,解决。A、C、D三项均不合题意,故选B项。30.You look upset.Whats the matter?I had my proposal again.(2011江苏,30)A.turned overB.turned onC.turned offD.turned down剖析:D考查动词短语辨析。turn over移交,仔细考虑;turn on打开;turn off关掉;turn down调小,拒绝。结合句意和词义选D。答语句意:我的建议又被拒绝了。31.She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.(2011天津,8)A.turned downB.dealt withC.took afterD.came across剖析:D考查动词短语辨析。turn down拒绝;deal with应对,处理;take after与相像;come across遇到,碰到。根据语境她在商店购物时,应当是遇到了老朋友。32.The exam results will be on Friday afternoon.(2011辽宁,26)A.put downB.put offC.put upD.put away剖析:C句意:这次考试成绩将于星期五下午公布。put up(在墙上)张贴(图片、布告等),符合句意。put down写下,放下,镇压;put off推迟;put away把(某物)收拾起来(放回原处)。33.The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to,but I suppose Ill just have to it.(2011浙江,6)A.make the best ofB.get away fromC.keep an eye onD.catch up with剖析:A句意:这个学校不是我真正想去的那所,但我想我会充分利用(它的优势资源)。B.逃离,脱离;C.密切注视,照看;D.赶上。34.Some insects the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.(2011陕西,25)A.take inB.take offC.take onD.take out剖析:C考查动词短语辨析。句意:一些昆虫为了保护自己会呈现出周围环境的颜色。take on呈现,具有,符合句意。take off起飞,脱下;take out拿出,取出;take in吸收,欺骗。35.You cant predict everything.Often things dont as you expect.(2011江西,35)A.run outB.break outC.work outD.put out剖析:C考查动词短语辨析。句意:你不可能预测所有事情。通常事情不会如你期望的那样发展。work out发展;发生,符合语境。run out用尽;break out爆发;put out扑灭。36.Sam some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working o