山西长治县高考英语阅读自练（3）.doc

山西长治县2015高考英语阅读自练（3）完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳答案。the night was dark, though sometimes the moving clouds allowed a star or two to be seen in the sky. the poor men held on to any bit of 1 they could find. they called to the marie for2 but she was far3 the reach of the human voice. at one oclock in the morning suddenly some4 were seen in the distance: another ship! the shouts of the 5 were heard on board, and willing hands pulled them out of the water. the 6 of the ship that had arrived at the scene7 to save their lives was the ellen. what had 8 her to the exact spot 9 the darkness and the pathless sea? her captain had known10 of the wreck(沉船) and had, indeed, 11 to sail away from it. but let him speak for himself.“12 i was forced by the wind to change my course, a small bird flew across the ship once or twice and then flew at my face. i 13 of this until exactly the same thing happened a second time, 14 caused me to think it rather 15 .while i was this 16 ,the same bird, for the third time, make its appearance and flew17 in the same way as before. i was then18 to change my course back to the original one. i had not gone far 19 i heard a strange voice; and when i tried to20 where they came from, i found i was in the middle of people who had been shipwrecked. i immediately did by best to save them.” ( ) 1.a.landb. grass c. hoped. wood 答案:d( ) 2.a.foodb. help c. restd. stop答案:b( ) 3.a.offb. out c. beyondd. from答案:c( ) 4.a.peopleb. lights c. shipsd. houses 答案:b( ) 5.a.sailorsb. captains c. rescuersd. swimmers 答案:d( ) 6.a.nameb. owner c. captaind. finder 答案:a( ) 7.a.ahead of timeb. at times c. on timed. in time答案:d( ) 8.a.broughtb. carried c. keptd. caused 答案:a( ) 9.a.in b. on c. throughd. around 答案:c( ) 10.a.everything b. nothing c. somethingd. anything 答案:b( ) 11.a.attemptedb. managed c. allowedd. demanded 答案:a( ) 12.a.just asb. in case c. only becaused. even though答案:a( ) 13.a.paid no attention b. took good care c. took no notice d. kept close watch答案:c( ) 14.a.whichb. what c. thatd. this答案:a( ) 15.a.interestingb. funny c. friendlyd. unusual 答案:d( ) 16.a.searchingb. expecting c. consideringd. studying 答案:c( ) 17.a.backb. about c. upd. down答案:b( ) 18.a.forcedb. decided c. persuadedd. forbidden 答案:c( ) 19.a.whenb. until c. thend. while 答案:a( ) 20.a.listen tob. search for c. make sured. look out 答案:c1. 解析:hold on to 意思为“紧紧地抓住”。通读全文我们可以知道现在这些人是在茫茫大海里，他们必须抱住能找到的任何一块木头，以帮助自己逃生。2. 解析:他们向“玛丽号”船求救。联系上下文我们可以知道the marie是船的名字。3. 解析:beyond the reach of 意思是“在的范围之外”。人们向“玛丽号”求救，然而船上的人们根本听不到他们的呼救声。4. 解析:lights的意思是“灯光”。c项具有一定的干扰性。从该空后的another ship来看，c项不符合题意。5. 解析:联系上下文，这些人的身份我们一直不知道，因此d项为最佳选项。6. 解析:the ellen是船的名字，因此，此处选name。7. 解析:in time 及时；ahead of time 提前；at times有时；on time准时。8. 解析:句意为：“是什么把她（的船）带到这个地点的？”9. 解析:“through the darkness and the pathless sea”意思是“穿过黑夜和茫茫大海”。10. 解析:从空后的“had, indeed,_ (attempted) to sail away from it”及下一段，我们可以知道，船长对此事一无所知。11. 解析:因为他不知道这里发生沉船事故，因此他曾经“试图”把船开走。12. 解析:just as 在这里引导时间状语从句。13. 解析:pay attention后搭配的介词应该是to。14. 解析:which引导非限制性定语从句。15. 解析:这件事让我感到“不同寻常”。16. 解析:considering 在此处相当于thinking。指船长认为鸟的举动有些异常。17. 解析:fly about 意思是“到处飞”。18. 解析:船长在这里说“鸟的异常举动劝服我改变了主意”。19. 解析:when在此意思是“就在这时”。20. 解析:因为是黑夜，在茫茫大海上，船长一时辨不清声音来自何方，因此他首先确定声音的位置。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。 with the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most heated argument across the united states today is the death penalty (死刑). many argue that it is an effective deterrent (威慑) to murder, while others think there is no enough proof that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.the argument advanced by those opposed （反对） to the death penalty is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is tile mark of a bad society and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime (罪行) anyway.in our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary action. throughout recorded history there have always been those peculiar persons in every society who made terrible crimes such as murder. but some are more dangerous than others.for example, it is one thing to take the life of another in time of blind anger, but quite another to coldly plan and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of different degree. while it could be argued with some reason that the criminal in the first instance should be merely kept from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion. but the majority of people believe that the death penalty protects them. their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder. for example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was carried out from time to time in california, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100, 000 population. since 1964 the death penalty has been done only once, and the murder rate has risen to10.4 murders for each 100, 000 population. the sharp climb in the states murder rate, which began when killings stopped, does not happen by chance. it certainly shows that the death penalty does deter many murderers. if the law about death penalty is vetoed (否决), some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. this is really a life or death matter. the lives of thousands of people must be protected.1. the main purpose of this passage is to _.a. speak for the majority b. support a vetoc. speak ill of the government d. argue for the value of the death penalty答案解析：答案为d。本题为文章的主旨大意题。由第一段的 “many argue that , while others think .”和最后一段的首句 “the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion.”可知，本文讨论死刑的价值。2. which of the following is among the heated arguments across the usa besides death penalty?a. air pollution. b. the war against iraq.c. equal rights. d. election of president.答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。从第一段的首句 “with the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most heated argument across the united states today is the death penalty (死刑).” 可知，除了人权问题，在美国讨论最热烈的问题是死刑。3. the numbers in the last paragraph show that _.a. if they stick to death penalty, the number of murders will be reducedb. death penalty almost stopped from 1954 to 1963c. the population of california has risend. death penalty is of little value答案解析：答案为a。本题为推理题。从最后一段的第二句 “but the majority of people believe that the death penalty protects them.” 和最后三句 “if the law about death penalty is vetoed (否决), some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. this is really a life or death matter. the lives of thousands of people must be protected.”都是在强调死刑可以保护人的生命，故答案为a, 如果国家坚持死刑，谋杀案件的数目会减少。由本段的第四句话 “for example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was carried out from time to time in california” 可知，1954年到1963年期间，死刑时不时地在california执行，并不是废除了，故选项b错误。c选项在文中未提及，d选项与本段的中心意思违背。4. it can be inferred that the writer thinks that _.a. the death penalty is the most important problem in the united states todayb. the second type of murderers (in paragraph 4) should be sentenced to deathc. the veto of the law about death penalty is of little importanced. the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be discussed答案解析：答案为b。本题为推理题。细读第四段， 由“it is one thing blind anger, but quite another to coldly plan in the style of a butcher. thus, murder is a matter of different degree. while it could be argued with some reason that the criminal in the first instance should be merely kept from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.”可知，作者认为谋杀分为 “blind anger （盲目的愤怒）” 和 “coldly plan in the style of a butcher （冷酷的屠夫式的谋杀），谋杀的程度不一样，如果是第一种就仅仅让谋杀者与社会隔离即可，而不是后一种谋杀者的命运，言外之意就是后一种谋杀应该判死刑。故答案为b。结合前面几题的分析，第一段作者认为除了人权问题，在美国讨论最热烈的问题是死刑。故选项a错误。从最后一段倒数第三句话 “if the law about death penalty is vetoed, some people will be murdered- some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect.” 可知，如果死刑被否决，一些本可以挽救的生命就会被谋杀，可见死刑的否决对保护人的生命有着重要的意义，c选项的意思与此相反，故错误。d选项与最后一段的首句 “the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to discussion.” 表达相反，故错误。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。 people from east asia tend to have more difficulty than those from europe in distinguishing facial expressions and a new report published online in current biology explains why. rachael jack, university of glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as westerners do, easterners fix their attention on the eyes. we show that easterners and westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions, jack said. westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth. according to jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. as a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations. the researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 western caucasian and 13 east asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. they compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. it turned out that easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did westerners. the cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions, jack said. our data suggest that whereas westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, easterners use the eyes more and mouth less. in short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. from here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, easterners and westerners will find themselves lost in translation.( ) 1. the discovery shows that westerners . a. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth b. consider facial expressions universally reliable c. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways d. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions ( ) 2. what were the people asked to do in the study?a. to make a face at each other. b. to get their faces impressive. c. to classify some face pictures. d. to observe the researchers faces. ( ) 3. what does the underlined word they in paragraph 6 refer to?a. the participants in the study. b. the researchers of the study.c. the errors made during the study. d. the data collected from the study. ( ) 4. in comparison with westerners, easterners are likely to .a. do translation more successfullyb. study the mouth more freq