江苏省灌南高级中学高中英语《M4 U3 Tomorrow’s world 》练习题 译林牛津版必修4.docVIP

江苏省灌南高级中学高一英语m4 u3 tomorrows world 练习题 译林牛津版必修4i. 单词默写: 1. _adj. 非凡的，特别的 2. _ n. 疲劳，疲倦 3. _prep. 一就 4. _ vt. 使能够 5. _ vt. 传送，传递 6. _adj. 世界闻名的 7. _adj. 极好的，极帮的8._vt. 给留下印象 9. _n. 展品，陈列品 10._adj. 内置的 11. _vt. 宣布，宣告 12. _n. 液体 13. _n. 流行，受欢迎 14. _ vi. 逐渐暗淡；衰退 15. _vt.表达，吐露 16. _adj. 没有名字的ii.短语检测:1. 传递;_;2. 发出（气味，热等）_; 3. 提出（观点等）;_4. 以的速度 ;_;5. 最后但同样重要的;_ 6. 以-为背景;_;7. 冒险干-；_ 8. 被控告犯有-罪行；_; 9. 关闭，使倒闭；_;10. 偶然遇见；_; 11.（声音，光线等）暗淡_;12. 实施，执行；_;iii.词汇延伸：1. impress (vt.给留下深刻印象) _(n.印象)_（adj.给人深刻印象的） 2. gentle (adj.温和的；文雅的) _ （adv.温和地；轻柔地）_ (n.绅士)3. announce (vt.宣布；宣称；通知) _ (n.通知);4. deliver (vt.传送，传达) _（n.传递）5. popularity (n.流行；)_ （adj.流行的）6. safely (adv.安全地)_（adj.安全的）_ (n.)7. inexperienced (adj.缺乏经验的)_ (adj.有经验的)_(vt.经历 n.经验；经历) 8. responsible (adj.负责的) _(adj.不负责的) _ (n.责任)9. employ (vt. 雇用；使用) _ (n. 雇用)_ (n.雇员) _( n.雇主) 10. tiredness (n.疲劳；疲倦) _ (adj.疲劳的) _ (vt./vi.（使）感到疲劳)iv.佳句背诵：（5个）1not only will he or she feel every step of climbing mount qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment; (p42,line10)使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷，气味，景观和声音。 2. in my opinion, it is about time we had new computers. (page53,line5) 在我看来，我们该有新的电脑了。 3. he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement upon reaching the top. (page42,lines12-13) 到达山顶时，观众就能体验到一种幸福感和成就感。4. this kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical, compared with the way most urban planning is done today. (page43, lines 44-46) 长远来看，与现在大多数城市规划方式相比，这种方式更经济，实用。5. as they were wandering around, they noticed a man sitting against a tree in the distance- he was at least four metres tall. (page58, lines15-17)当他们到处转悠时，发现远处有一个人背靠树坐着-那人至少四米高。【即学即用】1. because of ill management, the company had to be_.2. the main duty of the postman is to_ letter, newspaper, magazine and so on.3. when interviewed, the applicants often try every means to _the employers.4. this is the second time that the man _ of robbery.5. after a long race, his two legs almost _.知识构建【关键单词】1. sense, n. sense: c 感觉;感官;意识; 神智; 意义; 【课本回眸】he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement upon reaching the top. (page42,lines12-13)到达顶峰时,他或她将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。【视野拓展】 v. 感觉到; 发觉; 意识到; she sensed the danger/she sensed that she was in danger.她感觉到了危险. adj. sensitive, 敏感的. her mother is very sensitive to cold. 她妈妈对冷很敏感. senseless 不省人事的;【用法归纳】sense of touch/smell/hearing/taste/sight: 触觉/嗅觉/听觉/味觉/视觉;make sense: 有意义,合理,讲得通; in a sense: 某种意义上;come to ones senses:醒(悟)过来;【真题演练】 i have read the material several times but it doesnt make any _ to me.(2004 上海春招) a. meaning b. importance c. sense d. significanceat first i thought it was a crazy 39 because i didnt have a good sense of balance,- a. idea b. plan c. belief d. saying （2011北京完形填空）2. allow vt. 允许; 许可; 许可-进入；授予; 【课本回眸】 to achieve this, special vr headsets are designed to allow the users to see in 3d animation and hear the sound all around them.（p42line15）为了达到这一目标, 工程师们设计了特殊的vr头戴耳机,它可以使观众看到环绕在他们周围的三维图像,听到周围的声音。【视野拓展】1） allow + n. ill never allow such behavior. 我绝对不允许这样的行为.2） allow + doing; we dont allow smoking here (smoking is not allowed here)此处禁止抽烟.3） we dont allow dogs (to go) into the shop. dogs are not allowed into the shop.4） we dont allow your claim. 我们不能答应你的要求.5） i allow that his idea is productive. 我承认他的观点有建设性.6） we should allow for every possible delay. 我们应该考虑到任何可能的延误.【用法归纳】allow doing; 允许做某事 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；allow for: 考虑到;顾虑到; allowable adj. 被允许的；正当的; allow that +从句; allow of留有余地; allowance, n. 津贴;补贴;【真题演练】（2011福建卷）24. she has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.a. which b. where c. what d. who “in this song, i just 44 young people to have their own path in life,”he said,“they can decide what they want to be like.” (南京市高三质量检测)apersuade bencourage cforbid dallow3. to add to the virtual world of realcine, the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment. (page42, lines19-20) 为了增强虚拟现实电影的虚拟效果，我们在耳机中设计了一些小孔，通过这些小孔释放出与环境相配的气味。add, v. 1.增加;添加;2. 计算总和; 3. 又说,补充说; 4. 加起来, 加; 加起来;加法如: plase add all the nummers. 请把所有数字加起来.the music added to our enjoyment.这首音乐增加了我们的乐趣。he added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火更旺一些。【视野拓展】n. addition; adj. additional; 额外的;附加的; adv. additionally;额外地【用法归纳】add .to -把加到; add up合计；加起来; add up to-.总计是; in addition; 加之, 还有; inaddition to,还有you had better add some sugar to your soup.你最好往汤里加些糖。his whole school education added up to only one year.他总共上了一年学。these figures dont add up right. 这些数字加得不对。in addition to a passat, she has three cars in all.【真题演练】his being absent _our difficulty. a. added up to b. added c. added to d. added up（2010潍坊二次质量检测） having some money does add to our sense of happiness, having too much money does not. a.while b.when c.as d.until（2010济南二次统考）its a mistake to think of florida only its tourist attractions. a.in addition to b.by way of c.in terms ofd.by means of4. impress vt.给留下印象；使钦佩；印上；使铭记【课本回眸】i think viewers will be impressed by films that allows them to be a character in the film. however, later i came to se that i had the wrong impression(page59, line16), 后来,我才明白我印象错了【视野拓展】1) vt. 使某人印象深刻 【impress+名】（常用被动语态；不可用进行时）i was deeply impressed by his speech. 他的演说给我留下深刻的印象。2）vt. 使某人铭记-;the teacher impressed on his students the importance of speaking.= the teacher impressed his students with the importance of speaking.老师让学生铭记演说的重要性。【用法归纳】impress sb. with sth.= impress sth. on sb使某人铭记；给予某人深刻影响;impress on sth. 在-上压印; impressive adj.给人印象深的；令人赞叹的; be impressed by/with/at被-打动；对-留下印象;impression n.印象; make/leave/have an impression on sb.使某人留下印象;【真题演练】 although he has lived with us for years, he didnt leave us with much _.aview b. impression c. looks d. appearance first impression are the most lasting. after all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression.(2010北京35) a. a; the b. the; the c. a; a d. the; a 5. practise vt. 实行;练习；实践; 【课本回眸】 besides this, vr can be used to practise skills in a scure environment that otherwise would be dangerous. (page43, line 35)【视野拓展】1)vt.实行;习惯性地进行; practice +n/doing: 练习(做)某事; the girl practices (playing) the piano every day. 那个女孩天天练习(弹)钢琴.2) practice n. 练习;习惯;惯例,常规; 实践we should combine theory with practice. 我们应该把理论与实践相结合。 3) adj, pratical: 实用的;实际的;经验丰富的; adv. practically 事实上; 4) acupuncture was practised in china as long ago as the 3,000 bc. 中国早在公元前3,000年就已开始采用针灸疗法。【用法归纳】practice sth.; practice doing sth. 练习做某事; practice regularly:有规律地练习putinto practice:付诸实施; a commom practice: 惯例;常规;practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧. a practical skill: 实用的技能;【真题演练】since we have already made our plan, why not _?a. putting it into practice. b. put it into practice. c. practicing d. to do some practice- sorry, i made a mistake again.-_. practice more and youll succeed. （2008全国卷1）a. never mind b. certainly not c. not at all d. dont mention it liuxiaoqing once acted as a 17-year-old girl, but her _ age was 47 then. a. actual b. practical c. natural d. usual.6. accuse vt. 控告；指责；指控【课本回眸】he was accused of piracy and sued by the music industry. (p51: (6) _)【视野拓展】（因）控告；指责，谴责 the young man was once accused of theft. 那个年经人曾被指控偷盗。 she accused him of being late. 她指责他迟到。【用法归纳】1) be accused of=be charged with被控告犯有什么罪2) 相似的动词短语有：remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事; rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物;inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事; warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某物;cure sb. of sth. 治疗某人的疾病; suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某物;【真题演练】 -last week, lucy married a man once _ with murder. - its too unbelievable. a. accused b. suspected c. arrested d. charged7. express v. vt.表达，表示.【课本回眸】therefore, im writing to you to express my views.(page53,line4)所以,我写信向你表达我的观点【视野拓展】1）v. 表示; 表达; can you express yourself in japanese? 你能用英语表达吗?2) n. 快车;特快专递; the beijing express:开往北京的快车; 3) n. expression. 表情; 表达; 言语;表现力;the expression on her face suggested that she was sad.4) adj. expressive: 表情丰富的; an expressive smile: 意味深长的微笑;【用法归纳】express+ n.to sb.向-表达; express+ wh-/how从句; express oneself;表达自己的意思; find xprssion in-表现在-; beyond expression: 无法形容;无法用言语表达【真题演练】 the natural scenery is so beautiful that it is beyond _.a. nation b. situation c. action d. expression theres 54 more i can do to get the apple that is unchangeable-but we are supposed to be able to 55 our feelings. (2011江苏 完形填空)54. a. something b. anything c. everything d. nothing55.achange b. express c. forget d. describe8. force vt. 强迫 n.力量【课本回眸】-,forcing his nephew axel to go with him. (page58,line4) 还强迫他的侄子axel与他同行. after this, with the help of force from a black hole, they are able to guide the lost spaceship safely back to the earth.【视野拓展】1) n. 武力，暴力，力气: no man would use force on another in a truly civilized society. 在真正的文明社会中，不会有人对他人施以暴力。2） vt. 强迫:she wont study hard if her teacher doesnt force her to. 如果她老师不强迫的话，她就不用功读书。【用法归纳】force sb. to do sth = force sb. into doing 强迫某人做某事; force sth. on sb.把强加于某人; force ones way强行前进;putinto force生效；付诸实施; come into force生效，开始实行; by force武力; the air force空军;【真题演练】 cheer up! the situation is temporary, and it is within your _ to solve it. a. energy b. power c. strength d. force the government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. a. forced b. forcing c. to be forced d. having forced【重点短语】9. give out发出（气味，热等）；筋疲力尽（不及物）；用完；分发【课本回眸】(p42. l20)to add to the virtual world of the real cine, smells are given out through small openings in the head casts.【用法归纳】give in 屈服；让步；交，递交; give up 放弃; give away赠送；泄露；颁发; give off发出（气味，热量，光，声音等）; give back归还，送回；恢复; give over移交，交出; give way to=make way for给让路；被-征服;【真题演练】 hell _ most of his fortune to the poor after he is retired, just as bill gates did.a. give away b. give in c. give out d. give up we had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didnt quite _ as planned.a. find outb. give outc. hand out d. work out10. put forward 提出（观点，议案，计划，建议等）；把（钟或表）拨快；将提前【课本回眸】an argument has been put forward that some viewers will be disappointed by real cine because vr is not real.(p43 l29)【用法归纳】put aside把-放在一边；储蓄； put down记下；放下；镇压;put away放好；收好； put on 穿上，上演，假装; put off推迟，延期； put out 扑灭，生产put up with容忍，忍受； put up建造，张贴，举起，为什么提供食宿put back放回（原处），拨回(时钟)； 【真题演练】 he was always the last to leave in order to clean up the workroom and _ the tools. a. put awayb. take away c. put aside d. look after -what do you think of andrew? -there are things that are not easy to _; his coldness is onea. put aside bput up with cthink of dget up he decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.( 2011浙江卷12) aputting down b. putting off c. putting on d. putting up the exam results will be _ on friday afternoon. （2011辽宁卷26） a. put down b. put off c. put up d. put away【高频句型】【课本回眸】11. this kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical, compared with the way most urban planning is done today. (page43, lines 44-46) 长远来看，与现在大多数城市规划方式相比，这种方式更经济，实用。comparison n. 比较 in comparison, living in the countryside is cheaper. 比较而言，住在乡下较便宜。【用法归纳】compared with- 是过去分词短语，用作方式状语；the way 后接一个定语从句; compare- with-拿-.和-做比较 compare- to-把-比作- beyond comparison无与伦比 in comparison比较而言【真题演练】recently a survey_ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.（2011江苏31） a. compared b. comparing c. compares d. being compared her shoes _ her dress; they look very well together.(2008天津 13)a. suit b. fit c. compare d. match compared with his sister, jerry is even more to and more easily troubled by emotional and relationship problems. (2009江苏27)a. skeptical b. addicted c. available d. sensitive被动语态【基础语法】1. 定义: 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态;如果主语是动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,如果主语含糊不清或者是说动作不是由是被他人完成的,则用被动语态。 2. 结构: be + v+ed;3. 用法:要掌握英语语态的用法,必须先系统掌握英语的常用时态;因为,被动语态是指在不同时态下的被动语态的句子结构; 秒学巧用: 英语的常用时态及其被动语态(其余几种时态通常没有被动语态) 只需将被动语态的结构“be + v+ed”看成整体,代入不同时态,并做适当的形式变化即可(见下表).时态时态种类主动语态句子结构时间短语被动语态句子结构现在时一般现在时主+am, is, are+表语 (三单)主+v+s+ 宾语often,usually等am/ is/are + v+ed(过去分词) 现在进行时am/ is/are +v+ingnow;look等am/ is/are + being + v + ed(过去分词)现在完成时have/has+v+ed (过去分词)since,already等have/has+ been+ v+ (过去分词)过去时一般过去时主+was/were+表主+v+ed+宾语yesterday,last yearwas/were+ v+ed(过去分词)过去进行时was/were+v+ing过去的某个时刻was/were+v+being + v+ed(过去分词)过去完成时had+v+ed过去的过去时间had+ been +v + ed(过去分词)将来时一般将来时will/shall+ vbe going to + vtomorrow,next daywill/shall+ be + v+ed (过去分词)be going to + be + v+ed4. 被动语态的使用应注意以下几点：(1) 主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语;把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词,并注意人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态则不变。 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面的代词以宾格形式出现，如不需要则可省略。 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。(2) 情态动词的被动语态概念:含情态动词的被动语态说明某个被动性动作所反映出的感情和态度。初中阶段可用于被动语态的情态动词有“can、may、must、need、should”等，分别表示“能够被”，“可以被”，“必须被”,“需要被”，“应该被”等。 掌握含情态动词的被动语态的不同句式的变换方法;含情态动词的被动语态的疑问句、否定句的变化均借助于情态动词完成。如： must this work be done at once？这项工作必须立即完成吗？yes, it must; no, it neednt. 注:“must”表“必须”时, 其肯定回答应用“must”,否定回答应用“neednt”;should your homework be finished before six？你的家庭作业应在六点前完成吗？ 特殊疑问句由疑问词加上一般疑问句被动语态构成。如：when must this work be done？这工作必须在什么时候完成？反意疑问句借助情态动词构成附加疑问部分。如：this bridge can be built next year，cant it？这座桥明年能建成，(3) 一般不用被动语态的情况: 不及物动词或部分动词短语不用被动语态（遇到必须理解并牢记）： appear, die（死亡）,disappear（消失）, end (vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place 等. 要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的;特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法;必须在学习过程中多留意积累并牢记。 系动词不用被动语态（“keep”除外）： be, come, appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等. 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：die-death, dream-dream; live-life; smile-smile等.如: she dreamed a bad dream last night. (4) 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义:如：sell, write, ride, act, break, catch, cut, clean, drive, draw, lock, open, read, wash, this pen writes well. this new book sells well. the door locks smoothly. the clothes wash easily. (5) 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带“to”,变为被动语态时,须加上“to”。 例：make somebody do somethingsomebody+ be +made to do something the boss made the little boy do heavy work.the little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. (6) 带双宾语动词的被动语态:在用于被动结构时，有些动词可以带双宾语。在这种情况下，主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面；直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to,等。 即：s+v+io+do io+ be done +do do+ be done + prep. +io e.g. my uncle gave mea gift on my birthday. i was given a gift on my birthday. a gift was given to me on my birthday.(7) 非谓语动词的被动语态: a: remain, wait 等词常接不定式的被动态; 如: many mysteries wait/remain to be settled by scientists.b: want, need, require等词接doing或to be done两种形式都行;如: the road needs to be repaired/repairing. 注: 英语中一般都用不定式的主动语态来表示被动含义;如: something to eat; difficult to do;等;注意如下语境:-i have something to buy; do you have something to be bought? (8) 被动语态与系表结构: 描写动作就是被动语态; 描写状态就是系表结构; 如: the glass was broken by a boy.(被动语态)(被打碎); the glass was broken. (系表结构) (玻璃碎了) the ground is covered by snow. (被动语态); the ground is covered with snow. (系表结构)【真题演练】1. in the last few years thousands of films allover the word. （2011天津卷3）a.have produced b. have been produced c. are producing d. are being produced2. we arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _ into the office during the night. a. broke b. had broken c.has broken d.was breaking（2011江西卷30）3. experiments of this kind in both the u.s. and europe well before the second world war.a. have conducted b. have been conducted （2011北京卷）21.c. had conducted d. ha