3册8单元词汇重点句子翻译.doc

73册8单元词汇Implication: 1. Usually plural a possible effect or result. The economic implications for the industry will be far-reaching. 对该行业在经济上的影响是深远的。 The journalists discussed the political implications of the war. 记者们讨论了这场战争在政治上的影响。 2. Something that is suggested or not openly stated. I thought the implication was that they were splitting up. 我想这潜在的意思是他们分手了。 I resent the implication that my work is not well done. 我讨厌别人暗示我，说我的工作做得不好。第一段1. plain adverb(informal)(非正式)as submodifierused for emphasis用于强调Perhaps the youth was just plain stupid.或许那位青年不过是太笨了而已。It was just plain stupid to give him your address. 你把你的地址告诉他， 真是太傻了。 What she said was just plain wrong. 她说的都是错的。clearly; unequivocally明白地；不含糊地Im finished with you, Ill tell you plain.我们俩一刀两断了，明白告诉你。At the very beginning, it was a complete shock to people.Word: a piece of news or a message The news that scientists had successfully cloned an adult mammal attracted a lot of public attention and interest. The successful clone was an achievement that had been thought impossible for quite a long time. 2. work for: (1) apply to 适用于The rules of safe driving work for every driver. 安全驾驶准则适用于每一个驾驶员。What is more. What you have said works for yourself as well. 此外，你所说的话也适用于你自己。(2) make efforts to achieve sth. 为工作 The statesman is working for peace. 这位政治家致力于和平事业。We should all work for the complete abolition of poverty. 我们都应为彻底消除贫困而努力工作。3. within (ones) reach (1) inside the distance that one can touch by stretchingarm 在伸手能及的范围内The bottle was within his reach. 瓶子在他伸手可及的地方。Adjust the car seat so that all controls are within reach. 调整汽车座椅，以便能够着所有控制器。 (2) achievable or attainable Championship is within reach. 马上就能获得冠军了。 Economic growth of 10% is within reach. 可以实现10%的经济增长。Out of reach / beyond reach: An expensive trip like that would be completely beyond my reach. 像这样费用高昂的旅行，我是负担不起的。 Keep the medicine out of reach of children. 将药放到儿童够不着的地方。4. Come into life become a reality Be alive or vivid:When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids came to life at once. 兴致勃勃The quiet girl has come to life since she worked as a saleswoman. 少言寡语-活跃 unremarkable adjective not particularly interesting or surprising不引人注目的；平凡的his early childhood was unremarkable.他的童年平平淡淡。an unremarkable house.普普通通的房第二-三段5. in the wake of: coming after or following 随着，紧跟着/ happening after an event or as a result of it Airport security was extra tight in the wake of yesterdays bomb attacks. 发生炸弹爆炸事件后，机场特别加强了安全防范工作。After this announcement, governments were in a hurry to draw guidelines for a future which is full of incredible possibilities and hard to predict. incredible adjective impossible to believe不可信的an almost incredible tale of triumph and tragedy.一个几乎不可信的关于胜利和悲剧的故事。difficult to believe; extraordinary难以置信的；非凡的the noise from the crowd was incredible.人群的嘈杂声令人难以置信。6. draft ,verbwith obj.prepare a preliminary version of (a text)起草，草拟I drafted a letter of resignation.我起草了一份辞职报告。draft ,noun a preliminary version of a piece of writing草稿，草案，草拟the first draft of the partys manifesto该党宣言的初稿as modifiera draft document一份草拟的文件(US)conscript (someone) for military service(美)征召入伍，使服役 He was drafted by the army and served for 4 years. (the draft)(chiefly US)compulsory recruitment for military service(主美)征兵25 million men were subject to the draft.符合征兵条件的有2,500万人。as modifierdraft cards征兵卡7. generate: cause something to exist; produce I think this new product will generate a ot of profits for the company. 我认为这种新产品会为公司带来很多利润。 The move is intended to generate more job opportunities. 该方案是为了创造更多的工作机会。Dollys birth has raised a lot of difficult problems for - to cope with.8. mount: increase in amount or degree Sales were mounting after prices were lowered. 价格降低后，销售量就上去了。 Tension mounted as we waited for the decision. 我们等待着决定时，气氛越来越紧张。 Wild: extravagant or unreasonable; fanciful荒诞的；不合常理的；异想天开的who, even in their wildest dreams, could have anticipated such a victory?.再异想天开，谁能想到会取得这样一个大胜利？。And people continue to bring up many unpredictable questions about cloning.第四-五段9. in the first place: at first; at the beginning I never wanted him to get involved in the first place. 我一开始就不希望他卷进来。I would never have done it if I had been warned in the first place. 要是一开始就被告诫的话，我就不会干了。Firstly: Well, in the first place, I cannot afford it, and in the second place Im not interested. 首先，这个我买不起，其次，我对它也不感兴趣。There are several reasons for his failure. In the first place, he never sticks to things long. 他失败有几个原因。 首先，他做事没有长性。10. fall into: be divided into; belong to These books fall into three classes. 这些书分为三类。 This book falls into the class of modern fiction. 这本书属于现代小说. There are two main types of human cloning situations that experts often consider -.第六-七段11. Perhaps its possible to clone the dead if the person has been dead not long, says one expert.And that means that the nucleus must not be damaged. But, yes. It might be possible to clone the dead. At least, theoretically speaking.break apart :break in pieces without force being used; come apart 自行裂开The ice will break apart when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖，冰层就会破裂。Intact: complete and not damaged. In theory: as a general idea which may not be true in reality.第八-十段12. be identical to /with: exactly the same as 与一模一样My opinion is identical with his. 我的意见和他的意见相同。This system is identical to the one used in France. 这套系统和在法国用的一模一样。Would a cloned human be exactly the same as the original?Identical genes dont produce identical people. Anyone who knows some identical twins can tell you. As is used as a relative pronoun, standing for the main clause “identical genes dont produce identical people.” He is an Englishman, as I know from his accent. 他是个英国人，从他的口音我就能听出来。 He was late for school, as is often the case. 他又迟到了，他常常这样。 As anyone can see, they are very happy. 任何人都能看出来，他们很快乐。 As was usual with him, he went out for a walk after dinner. 像往常一样，他吃完饭出去散步了。13. and ( so on and ) so forth: (used at the end of a list to show that it continues in the same way) and other things of the kind that have already been mentioned 等等 He talked about how much we owe to our parents, our duty to our country and so on /and so forth. 他谈到我们受到父母多少恩惠，我们对国家应尽的义务等等。 They sell pens, pencils, paper and so on /and so forth. 他们卖钢笔、铅笔、纸张等等。By cloning, parents could have a second child who looked the same as the first one, but all the evidence shows that the two children would be different in character.Resemble: be similar to someone or something in appearance He did not resemble his mother. 他长得不像他母亲。Biologically speaking, a clone would not be the same as the original. Since clones and their originals have very small differences in their bodies, we probably need an advanced laboratory to find out the small differences between them. One possible major difference between the original and the clone lies in their ability to have children. They will try to find out if Dolly can give birth to lambs when she is old enough.Minor: smaller in degree, size, number or importance when compared with others. The minor characters in the novel are not flat at all. 这部小说中的小人物也并不是平淡无味的。第11-13段What if - what would happen if What if the car breaks down? 如果汽车坏了怎么办？What if you go instead of me? 如果你代替我去会怎么样？What would happen if parents decided to clone a child in order to have or use their organs?Most experts agree that if a child got to know that he had been born simply to give an organ to another child, it would have harmful effects on his mind.However, some parents already bear second children just for the purpose of transplanting organs, and many experts do not object to this.bring into the worldgive birth to/ bear ( bore/ boren) 生(孩子) My grandmother brought six children into the world. 我的祖母有六个孩子。14. with sth. in mindwith sth. as ones aim or as the reason or basis for ones action 出于.的目的 He was no longer a young man. With this in mind he slowed down the car. 他已经不再是个年轻人了。考虑到这一点，他放慢了车速。Several new milk products are being developed with this goal in mind. 考虑到这一目标，几种新牛奶产品正在被开发。With + n. + prepositional phrase: She rushed out of the room, with tears in her eyes. 她眼里含着泪冲出了房间。 He stood there with his hands in his pockets. 他双手插在口袋里站在哪儿。15. get around：overcome; avoid or find a satisfactory way of dealing with 成功地解决，克服Do you see a way to get around the problem? 你有解决这问题的方法吗？There is no way your mother can stay here, -well just have to get around it somehow. 你妈妈不能留在这儿，我们必须想个办法。In order to find a satisfactory way of using cloned animals as organ donors, one company is trying to change the pigs genetic code to prevent pigs organ from being rejected by the human body system.第14-16段How would a human clone call the donor of its DNA?16. refer to (1) use a particular word, expression, or name to mention or describe sb./sth. 将称为Our economy is referred to as market economy. 我们的经济被称为市场经济。 I refer to him as one of the promising students in my class. 我称他为班上有前途的学生之一。(2) talk about a particular subject or person 提及，谈到 What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要说的话涉及到你们大家。 The minister referred to the importance of the increased exports. 部长提及增加出口的重要性。(3) go to sb. /sth. or look at sth. for information 查阅，询问 If you refer to a dictionary, you will easily find the meaning of the word. 如果你查字典，你会很容易找到这个词的意思。 The speaker often referred to his notes. 那个讲演者不时地看发言稿。(4) direct sb./sth. to sb./sth. for help or to be dealt with 转送至某人以便得到处理或帮助 The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers. 商店把投诉转交给制造商。The doctor referred her to a heart specialist. 医生叫她找心脏病专家。17. In her writings published using the pen name of “Miss Manners”, Judith Martin suggests referring to DNA donors as “Most respected sir or madam”Under the name of : using a name different from ones ownHe travelled under the name of Green. 他在旅行中用的是格林这个名字。 He signed the letter under the name of Jameson. 他在这封信上签的名字是詹姆森。In the name of something: for the sake of : They acted in the name of democracy. 他们以民主的名义行事。 I do this in the name of love. 我以爱的名义做这件事。 In the name of someone: representing someone: Can you write a letter in the name of all the young people in the village? 你能不能代表村里的年轻人写一封信呢？She says, “one should always respect their ancestors no matter how they brought them into the world.” Judith Martins suggestion still leaves people confused about how to use proper words to address the DNA donors.18. Regardless of: without being affected by anything else : Everybody is equal, regardless of their race, color or sex. 不分种族，肤色，性别，人人都是平等的。第17-19 段To be specific, some experts worry about the creation of new social class ( which is looked down upon by society): “the clones”19. be concerned about: give ones attention to or worry about : We are all concerned about her safety. 我们都担心她的安全。 He has never been very concerned about what other people think of him. 他从来不在乎别人怎么看他。comparable to/ withsimilar in size, number, quality, etc. so that a comparison is possible 可与相比 Our house is not comparable with yours. 我们的房子比不上你们的。No horse has a speed comparable to that of his. 没有一匹马的速度能比得上他的马。20. puzzle over：think hard about; find the answer by thinking hard 努力思考 The old general was puzzling over the old map. 老将军对着那张旧地图苦苦思索着。Why waste effort puzzling over his intentions? 何必费力气去猜他的意图呢？Henry puzzled over the figures for hours without making head or tail of 看懂it. 这些数字亨利苦苦地算了好几个钟头，还是摸不着头脑。Classify: divide things into groups according to type : would you classify this book as sociology or politics? 你会把这本书归入社会学类还是政治学类？Debate: discuss a subject formally before making a decision: The authorities debated whether to build a new airport. 当局就是否建新机场展开辩论。 The United Nations Security Council will debate the issue today. 联合国安理会今天将讨论这个问题。 One expert believes that the cloning issue reminds us of what happened in the 16th century, when Europeans did not know how to classify the native people in the Americas ( America is the continent containing North, South and Central America. In former times this continent was also known as the Americas) because they were not familiar with them, and had endless debates about whether or not they were human beings.3册8单元课文重点句子和课后翻译1. At first it was just plain surprising. Word that scientists succeeded in cloning an adult mammalan achievement long thought impossiblecaught the imagination of everyone. The laboratory process that produced Dolly, an unremarkable-looking sheep, theoretically would work for humans as well. A world with human clones was suddenly within reach. It was science fiction coming to life. 起初，这对人们绝对是个震惊。有消息称科学家已经成功克隆了一只成年哺乳动物，一项长期以来被认为是不可能的成就。这一传闻引发了每个人的想象。克隆多莉（一只相貌无奇的绵羊）的实验过程，从理论上说也同样适用于克隆人类。一个克隆人的世界突然间近在咫尺，科幻小说变成了现实。2. In the wake of this announcement, governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown, a future filled with incredible possibilities. 此消息宣布之后，为了一个未知世界，一个充满各种不可思议的可能性的未来，各国政府立即起草指导方针。 3. Like the Theory of Relativity, the splitting of the atom, and the first space flight, Dollys appearance has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists, politicians, and philosophers. 就像相对论、原子裂变和第一次太空飞行一样，多莉的出现给科学家、政治家和哲学家们提出了一长串难以解答的难题。4. The cloning method used requires combining an egg cell with the nucleus of a cell containing the DNA of the person to be cloned. (DNA is a very long, ribbon-like molecule that contains our genetic information.) 所使用的克隆方法要求将一个卵细胞和一个含有被克隆人的 DNA 的细胞核相结合。(DNA 是一种含有我们的基因信息的狭长带状分子。)5. Identical genes dont produce identical people, as anyone who knows a set of identical twins can tell you. 相同的基因不会复制出相同的人。任何认识一些双胞胎的人都知道这一点。6. Even in terms of biology, a clone would not be identical to the “master copy”. The clones cells, for example, would have energy-processing machinery that came from the egg, not from the person who was cloned. 即使从生物学的角度看，克隆人也不会和 “母本” 一模一样。比如，克隆人的细胞可能会有来自卵子而非被克隆人的能量加工机制。7. Most experts agree that it would be psychologically harmful if a child sensed he had been brought into the world simply as an organ donor. But some parents already produce second children with nonfatal transplants in mind, and many experts do not oppose this. Cloning would increase the chances for a tissue match from 25 percent to nearly 100 percent. 多数专家都认为，如果一个孩子感到自己只是作为一个器官捐赠者来到这个世界，那他的心理可能受到伤害。但也有为了进行一些非致命器官的移植而生育第二个小孩的父母，对此许多专家也并不反对。克隆可以将组织适配率从 25% 提高到将近 100%。8. If cloned animals could be used as organ donors, we wouldnt have to worry about cloning twins for transplants. 如果把被克隆的动物用作器官捐赠体，那我们就不必担心为器官移植而克隆双胞胎了。9. “Mom” is not right, because the woman who supplied the egg and gave birth to the infant would more appropriately be called Mother. “Dad” isnt right, either. A traditional father supplies only half the DNA in a child. 称呼 “妈妈” 不正确，因为提供卵子并生下婴孩的女子才更有资格被称为母亲。称呼 “爸爸” 也不对。传统意义上的父亲只提供孩子身上一半的 DNA。 10. “One should always respect ones ancestors,” she says, “regardless of what they did to bring one into