抛光过程中复合树脂表面粗糙度和光泽度的变化.doc

抛光过程中复合树脂表面粗糙度和光泽度的变化中华口腔医学杂志 1999年第3期第34卷 论著作者：姬爱平高承志片山伊九右卫门单位：100081 北京医科大学口腔医学院(姬爱平)；北京医科大学第二临床医学院口腔科(高承志)；日本国明海大学齿学部(片山 伊九右卫门)关键词：复合树脂；粗糙度；光泽度【摘要】目的探讨抛光过程中复合树脂表面粗糙度和光泽度的变化规律。方法测定9种复合树脂抛光前的压接面及经过240目、320目、400目、600目、800目、1 200目金刚砂纸抛光后抛光面的粗糙度值和光泽度值。结果随着由粗至细逐级抛光，粗糙度值稳步下降，至800目时均恢复至抛光前的程度；而光泽度值在600目以前变化甚微，800目时骤然回升，至1 200目时有5种树脂已达到或超过抛光前的水平。结论复合树脂必须抛光至一定精细程度，才能获得理想的滑泽表面。Changes of surface roughness and glossiness of the composite resins during polishingJI Aiping*, GAO Chengzhi, IKUEMON Katayama.*School of Stomatology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100081【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of surface roughness and glossiness of the composite resins during polishing.MethodsNine conventional composite resins were evaluated. Composite specimens were polymerized on celluloid strip, so, smooth surfaces were obtained for each specimen, then the smooth surface of the specimens were sequentially polished with diamond polishing papers grits #240,#320,#400,#600,#800 and #1200. The roughness and glossiness of the central surface at 60 reflex angle were measured.ResultsThe results showed that the values of roughness decreased steadily when specimens were polished with sequential polishing paper from coarse to fine one. A further polishing with grit #800, the values of roughness resumed to the pre-polishing values in all the composite specimen. The change of values of glossiness is very small within polishing with #240#600. A further polishing with grit #800 and #1200, the values of glossiness increased jumpily. The values of glossiness of five composite resins reached or surpassed the level of pre-polishing.ConclusionThis study indicates that fine surface would not be gained until the composite resins were polished with grit #800 and #1200 polishing paper.【Key words】Composite resinRoughnessGlossiness复合树脂由软的树脂基质和硬的填料组成，修复体表面抛光难度较大。临床上对复合树脂表面滑泽性(平滑及光泽程度)的评价也相当困难。迄今为止，有关复合树脂修复体表面滑泽性的评价主要依据粗糙度和光泽度两项实验室指标。研究者们讨论的焦点多为抛光器具和抛光技术对修复体表面滑泽性的影响1-3。但有关抛光过程中复合树脂修复体表面粗糙度与光泽度是如何变化的报道，尚未见到。本项研究的目的，是通过对9种光固化复合树脂试件在抛光前及抛光过程中表面粗糙度与光泽度的测定，观察二者的变化规律及相互关系，为临床操作提供参考依据。材料与方法1.实验材料：本实验采用的9种光固化复合树脂见表1，所有树脂材料均选用A3型。每种树脂均制作3个直径10mm、厚2mm的圆柱型试件，制作时两面用赛璐珞条形成光滑压接面，光固化40s。表1实验用复合树脂商品名厂商批号填料类型PalfiqueTokuyamaEV082MFR(超微粒子填料)HeliomolarVivadent715221MFRLite-filShofu079588混合填料ClearfilKuraray0304A混合填料EstioGC940714C亚微混合填料ProgressKaneboA57球状混合填料Z1003M5904微细混合填料CharismaKulzerCH-b056微细混合填料PrismaDentsply642165微细混合填料2.试件抛光：采用金刚砂纸和自动抛光机(Buehler，日本)在注水的条件下，将试件的受光面按以下所示砂纸粒度从粗到细依次抛光(240目、320目、400目、600目、800目、1200目)。每级目数的砂纸磨除的树脂厚度均为10m15m，以彻底消除前一张砂纸的纹理。经每级抛光后，均即刻对试件进行粗糙度与光泽度的测定。3.粗糙度与光泽度的测定：对每个试件的抛光前压接面及各级目数砂纸抛光后的抛光面中心区分别进行粗糙度和光泽度的测定，每个试件变换角度测试3次，取均值进行统计。粗糙度是衡量物体表面平滑程度的量化指标，以触针垂直位移的m数表示。粗糙度的测定采用粗糙度测试仪Surfcom470A(Tokyo Seimitu，日本)，在垂直倍率5 000，运行速度为0.1mm/s，基准长度2.5mm，切入值(cut-off值)为0.8mm的条件下，测定中心线平均粗糙度值(Ra)。光泽度是表示物体表面光泽大小的数字化指标，以吸收入射光的百分比表示。本项实验光泽度的测定应用光泽度仪VGS-300A(Nihon densyoku，日本)，标准黑板校正为89%，入射、反射角度均为60，测定试件镜面的光泽度值。 结果对9种材料抛光前压接面及经过各级目数砂纸抛光后的抛光面所测试的粗糙度均值和光泽度均值，见表2，3。表29种树脂中心线部平均粗糙度值(m，s)材料抛光前240目320目400目600目800目1 200目Palfique0.410.121.500.780.960.180.910.190.630.200.410.070.360.27Heliomolar0.400.131.530.291.110.140.910.240.860.130.340.130.220.10Lite-fil0.340.211.420.430.990.220.790.210.490.210.310.190.240.07Clearfil0.380.171.200.121.100.210.720.240.590.140.390.090.230.08Estio0.480.131.570.121.130.201.110.310.800.180.500.210.430.15Progress0.360.161.660.571.070.150.840.140.770.210.440.140.430.21Z1000.390.191.180.181.100.160.880.310.690.250.480.130.420.08Charisma0.380.121.540.451.200.341.070.320.800.240.440.120.390.14Prisma0.410.191.360.161.120.160.710.110.630.200.460.130.420.09注：n=9表39种树脂镜面光泽度值(吸收入射光的百分比，s)材料抛光前240目320目400目600目800目1 200目Palfique78.071.872.940.393.030.363.050.256.321.1372.752.6478.782.47Heliomolar67.092.112.140.092.460.382.490.247.880.2578.071.5080.752.09Lite-fil58.851.241.430.101.830.042.080.124.830.4368.083.9178.312.69Clearfil69.531.751.290.041.560.111.570.092.520.2965.572.8781.271.50Estio52.462.971.630.122.150.262.260.192.460.4344.943.8260.121.01Progress59.982.521.330.051.400.081.440.071.850.1034.720.8545.572.34Z10076.601.922.110.172.190.192.220.303.510.4838.321.9757.980.76Charisma53.181.162.050.282.150.212.300.362.890.3440.002.6947.781.72Prisma63.772.091.410.061.460.091.460.112.260.2646.103.2950.881.97注：n=9讨论以往多数学者认为复合树脂与成型片接触形成的压接面滑泽性最高1。但压接面固化程度低，耐磨性差，易着色，宜去除2。试件经粗抛光后虽去除了低固化层，但粗糙度却明显增大，光泽度则显著地降低。随着由粗到细地系列抛光，可以看到如下规律：粗糙度稳步下降，至800目时基本恢复到抛光前的水平。光泽度在240目至600目的抛光范围内变化甚微，至800目时骤然回升并有两种材料超过抛光前的光泽度值。经1 200目终抛光后，又有两种材料超过抛光前的测试值，一种材料达到抛光前水平；其余4种材料的光泽度恢复程度为76%90%不等。本项研究的结果表明，抛光必须达到一定的精细程度(800目以上)，才能使粗糙度和光泽度明显恢复，而且大部分树脂可达到或超过抛光前的水平。每种材料的光泽度恢复程度不同，与材料本身的屈折率和表面微细结构有关4，与填料类型也有关系。混合填料、亚微混合填料和超微粒子填料的树脂恢复程度高，微细混合填料和球状混合填料的树脂恢复程度低。粗糙度与光泽度虽成反比关系，但粗糙度值与光泽度值之间并无绝对的对应关系。两种树脂的粗糙度值相同，其光泽度值却可存在较大差异。当树脂抛光至一定程度以后，光泽度对粗糙度的变化更加敏感，粗糙度值的微小变化，即可引起光泽度的明显改变。本项研究中800目和1 200目之间的粗糙度值无显著降低(P0.05)，但光泽度却有显著的上升(P0.01)。临床医师操作时，复合树脂应略超填，以便为充填体的修整抛光提供条件。抛光应由粗到细，循序渐进，每更换一