Or和and的用法.doc

Or和and的用法一、连词or主要用法分述如下： 1、用在选择疑问句中连结被选择的对象，意为“或者，还是”。例如： Is he a doctor or a teacher? 他是医生还是教师？ Did you do your homework or watch TV last night? 你昨晚做作业还是看电视了？ Are they singing or reading English? 他们是在唱歌还是在读英语？ 下列两个疑问句中的并列成份由于使用了不同的连词，因而句式有所不同。试比较： A、Does he like milk and bread? 他喜欢牛奶或者面包吗？ B、Does he like milk or bread? 他喜欢牛奶还是面包？ 分析：A 句中使用了连词and,是一般疑问句，对其作肯定或否定回答应用：Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. B句中使用了并列连词or,因而是选择疑问句，对其回答不用“yes”或“no”，而应根据实际情况直接选择回答：He likes milk.或：He likes bread. 2、用于否定句中连结并列成分，表示“和，与”之意。例如： There isnt any air or water on the moon.月球上既没有空气也没有水。 The baby is too young. He cant speak or walk.那婴儿太小，他不会说话，也不会走路。 He hasnt got any brothers or sisters.他没有兄弟和姐妹。 肯定句中并列连词应用and，在把含有and的肯定句改为否定句时，莫忘把连词and改为or。例如： The students sang and danced in the park yesterday. The students didnt sing or dance in the park yesterday. 3、用于句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”中，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为“否则，要不然”。例如： Work hard,or you will fall behind.你要努力学习，否则会落后。 Get up early tomorrow,or you will miss the early train.你明天要早点起身，要不然就赶不上早班火车了。 Dont jump the queue,or other peopoe will not be pleased.别插队，否则别人会不高兴的。 可以把这类句型中的祈使句换为一个条件句（注意改写时应去掉连词or）。例如： Hurry up,or you will be late for the meeting.If you dont hurry up,you will be late for the meeting. 4、用于“eitheror”结构中，意为“不是就是”，“要么要么”。连结的并列成份可在句中作主语、表语、谓语、宾语等。（注意：连结并列成份作主语时，谓语动词通常与or后的部分保持一致。）例如： Either she or I am right.不是她对就是我对。（连接主语） The shoes in the shop were either too big or too small for me. 店里的鞋对我来说不是太大就是太小He either does his homework or watches TV on Sundays.他星期天要么做作业，要么看电视。（We play either football or basketball in the afternoon.下午我们不是踢足球就是打篮球。5、用于连结并列成份，表示不确切、模糊的陈述。例如： This story happened five or six years ago. 这个故事发生在四、五年前。 -Is the street straight? -More or less. -这棵树直吗？ -差不多。 She will find that she was wrong sooner or later.她迟早会发现她是错的6、 并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。7、 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：There is no air or water in the moon.There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。典型例题 -I dont like chicken _ fish. -I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much. A. and； and B. and； butC. or； butD. or；and 答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。 1） or意思为否则。例如： I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam. 我要努力学习，否则考试要不及格了。2） eitheror意思为或者或者。注意谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则。例如： Either you or I am right. 不是你对，就是我对。二、连词and主要用法分述如下:1、连接句子中的并列的各个成分如主语 、谓语、 宾语、 定语、状语等。表示并列和递进等关系，意思是“和”、“同”、“又”、“兼”、“加”等，也可不译。例如： Lucy and I go to school six days a week. His work starts at half past eight ,and finishes at a quarter to five. She works very hard and is very helpful. She is wearing a green trousers, and a yellow sweater.2、连接两个结构对等的句子。表示并列和对比等关系，意思是“而且”“还”“也” “而”等，常可不译。例如：They teach us Chinese and we teach them English.It isnt a plane, and it isnt a bike.The days get shorter and the nights get longer.The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer.11、连接两个结构非对等的句子。表示次序、因果、递进、转折等关系，意思是“然后”、“所以”、“结果”、“而且”、“也”、“但是” 等，有时也可不译。例如： I have breakfast at 7:30 and then I go to school. It is harvest time,and all the farmers are very busy. The weather was very cold, and many people were ill. After lunch Aunt Huang came in and she looked worried.12、连接两个句子，结构是“祈使句+and+句子”。 表示条件和结果关系，（即前面的句子相当于一个由 “If”引导的假设句，后面的句子表示结果），意思是“那么”、“就会”。例如：Play as well as you can,and were sure to beat them. =If you play as well as you can,were sure to beat themKeep passing the ball to each other,and youll be ok!=If you keep passing the ball to each other, youll be ok!13、连接两个动词。用于“go(come,stop,write,etc.)+and+动词”结构中，表示目的、意图，意思是“为了”和“来”等，通常不译。例如： I must go and play games. (=I must go to play games) Lets go and find them. You and Lily must come over to my house and see! Stop and put your hands in front of you now. You must get up and get ready for school.14、连接两个相同的词。表示反复、连续等。意思是“又”、“接连”等。例如： The baby laughed and laughed. They talked on and on very happily.15、连接两个相对的词。用作状语。例如：He uses a lift to go up and down.16、连接两个形容词的比较级的词。表示程度的变化，意思是“越来越”。 例如：But she looked at me and cried harder and harder.The worlds population is growing faster and faster.17、用于句首。表示承上启下的作用，意思是“于是”、“然后”、“而且“等也可不译。例如： And Im polly!